NR 293 Exam 3 Study Guide Questions
With Guaranteed Pass Solutions.
Rapid acting insulin - Answer - Onset: 15 minutes
- Peak: 1.5 hours
- Duration: 3 hours
- Ex: Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novolog), Gliulisine (Apidra)
Short acting insulin - Answer - Onset: 30 minutes
- Peak: 3 hours
- Duration: 6 hours
- Ex: Regular (Humulin R), Regular (Novolin R)
Intermediate acting insulin - Answer - Onset: 60 minutes
- Peak: 6 hours
- Duration: 12 hours
- Ex: NPH (Humulin N), NRP (Novolin N)
Long acting insulin - Answer - Onset: 120 minutes
- Duration: 24 hours
- Ex: Detemir (Levamir), Glargine (Lantus)
Therapeutic response anti-diabetic therapy - Answer - fasting blood glucose 70-100 mg/dl
- hemoglobin A1c < 6.5%
Signs of low blood glucose - Answer - < 70 mg/dl
- confusion
- irritability
, - sweating
- give oral glucose (ie. apple juice, candy, etc)
Hemoglobin A1c - Answer - % of blood glucose bound to hemoglobin
- when blood sugar is not controlled it builds up in the blood and binds to hemoglobin
- provides info on the average level of blood sugar control over the past 2-3 months
Hemoglobin - Answer - oxygen carrying capacity of the blood cells
Hypoglycemia - Answer - If patient becomes unconscious, give IV D50W (Dextrose 50% and water)
Glucagon IM - Answer - used in emergency at HOME to treat hypoglycemia from insulin over dose
IV corticosterioids - Answer - can increase glucose levels
Glucocorticoids - Answer - secreted by adrenal glands
- Side effects: Edema, gastric irritation, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis
Type 1 DM - Answer - Pancreas not releasing insulin
- requires insulin therapy
Insulin therapy - Answer - rotate inj sites to avoid scar tissue which can inhibit absorption
- when mixing insulin, draw up the 'clear' (ie. regular) into the syringe first
- long acting insulin ie. Detemier (Levemir) and Glargine (Lantus) CANNOT be mixed as the pH will change
and affect absorption rate.
- if a patient has both long acting and regular insulin ordered, do not mix. use two different syringes.
Basal dosing - Answer - delivers constant dose of insulin
- done with intermediate or long acting insulin
With Guaranteed Pass Solutions.
Rapid acting insulin - Answer - Onset: 15 minutes
- Peak: 1.5 hours
- Duration: 3 hours
- Ex: Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novolog), Gliulisine (Apidra)
Short acting insulin - Answer - Onset: 30 minutes
- Peak: 3 hours
- Duration: 6 hours
- Ex: Regular (Humulin R), Regular (Novolin R)
Intermediate acting insulin - Answer - Onset: 60 minutes
- Peak: 6 hours
- Duration: 12 hours
- Ex: NPH (Humulin N), NRP (Novolin N)
Long acting insulin - Answer - Onset: 120 minutes
- Duration: 24 hours
- Ex: Detemir (Levamir), Glargine (Lantus)
Therapeutic response anti-diabetic therapy - Answer - fasting blood glucose 70-100 mg/dl
- hemoglobin A1c < 6.5%
Signs of low blood glucose - Answer - < 70 mg/dl
- confusion
- irritability
, - sweating
- give oral glucose (ie. apple juice, candy, etc)
Hemoglobin A1c - Answer - % of blood glucose bound to hemoglobin
- when blood sugar is not controlled it builds up in the blood and binds to hemoglobin
- provides info on the average level of blood sugar control over the past 2-3 months
Hemoglobin - Answer - oxygen carrying capacity of the blood cells
Hypoglycemia - Answer - If patient becomes unconscious, give IV D50W (Dextrose 50% and water)
Glucagon IM - Answer - used in emergency at HOME to treat hypoglycemia from insulin over dose
IV corticosterioids - Answer - can increase glucose levels
Glucocorticoids - Answer - secreted by adrenal glands
- Side effects: Edema, gastric irritation, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis
Type 1 DM - Answer - Pancreas not releasing insulin
- requires insulin therapy
Insulin therapy - Answer - rotate inj sites to avoid scar tissue which can inhibit absorption
- when mixing insulin, draw up the 'clear' (ie. regular) into the syringe first
- long acting insulin ie. Detemier (Levemir) and Glargine (Lantus) CANNOT be mixed as the pH will change
and affect absorption rate.
- if a patient has both long acting and regular insulin ordered, do not mix. use two different syringes.
Basal dosing - Answer - delivers constant dose of insulin
- done with intermediate or long acting insulin
