1. A patient has been prescribed azithromycin. The nurse should
teach the patient to take the medication in which of the following
ways?
A. "Take the medication with food to reduce gastrointestinal
irritation."
B. "Take the medication with a full glass of water on an empty
stomach."
C. "Take the medication with milk to enhance absorption."
D. "Take the medication just before bedtime for better effectiveness."
Answer: B) "Take the medication with a full glass of water on an
empty stomach."
Rationale: Azithromycin is most effectively absorbed when taken on
an empty stomach, typically 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
Milk can interfere with absorption, so it is not recommended.
2. Which of the following medications can cause a disulfiram-like
reaction when taken with alcohol
A. Metronidazole
B. Azithromycin
C. Amoxicillin
D. Ciprofloxacin
Answer: A) Metronidazole
Rationale: Metronidazole, when taken with alcohol, can cause a
disulfiram-like reaction, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting,
flushing, and headache.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving intravenous ceftriaxone.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of this antibiotic?
A. Seizures
B. Nephrotoxicity
C. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
D. Ototoxicity
Answer: B) Nephrotoxicity
Rationale: Ceftriaxone, like other cephalosporins, can cause
nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with preexisting kidney
problems. Monitoring renal function is essential
4. A patient is prescribed spironolactone for heart failure. Which of
the following is a common side effect of this medication?
A. Hyperkalemia
,B. Hypokalemia
C. Dehydration
D. Hypotension
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can
lead to an increase in potassium levels, resulting in hyperkalemia.
5. A nurse is teaching a patient who is prescribed hydrocodone.
Which of the following should be included in the teaching plan?
A. "You may experience increased alertness and should be able to
drive."
B. "Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication."
C. "It is safe to take hydrocodone with other over-the-counter pain
medications."
D. "It is best to take this medication before bed to reduce
drowsiness."
Answer: B) "Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication."
Rationale: Hydrocodone is an opioid analgesic, and taking it with
alcohol can increase the risk of central nervous system depression,
leading to respiratory depression, sedation, or even death.
6. Which of the following medications is most appropriate for
treating chronic asthma symptoms?
A. Albuterol
B. Fluticasone
C. Ipratropium
D. Epinephrine
Answer: B) Fluticasone
Rationale: Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for the long-
term control of asthma by reducing inflammation. Albuterol is a
short-acting bronchodilator used for acute symptoms, while
ipratropium is used as a bronchodilator, and epinephrine is for
emergency situations.
7. A nurse is administering a dose of metformin to a patient with
type 2 diabetes. Which of the following should the nurse be aware of
in relation to this medication?
A. Metformin can cause significant weight gain.
B. Metformin can increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
C. Metformin is contraindicated in patients with renal impairment.
D. Metformin should be taken with high-protein meals for optimal
absorption.
, Answer: C) Metformin is contraindicated in patients with renal
impairment.
Rationale: Metformin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal
impairment due to the increased risk of lactic acidosis. It should be
used with caution and monitored in patients with renal disease.
8. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving the medication
prednisone. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of
long-term prednisone use?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Weight loss
C. Osteoporosis
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: C) Osteoporosis
Rationale: Long-term use of prednisone, a corticosteroid, can lead to
bone demineralization, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.
9. A patient is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for the
treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the
following instructions should the nurse give the patient?
A. "Take the medication with food."
B. "Take the medication just before bed."
C. "Take the medication 30 minutes before a meal."
D. "Take the medication with antacids for maximum effect."
Answer: C) "Take the medication 30 minutes before a meal."
Rationale: PPIs should be taken before meals to allow the medication
to effectively reduce stomach acid production.
10. Which of the following is a major side effect of corticosteroid
therapy?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypotension
C. Sedation
D. Hepatotoxicity
Answer: A) Hyperglycemia
Rationale: Corticosteroids like prednisone can increase blood glucose
levels, leading to hyperglycemia.
11. Which of the following statements indicates the patient
understands the teaching about the use of nitroglycerin?
A. "I will take the medication if I have chest pain, but I will not take
it if I have a headache."
teach the patient to take the medication in which of the following
ways?
A. "Take the medication with food to reduce gastrointestinal
irritation."
B. "Take the medication with a full glass of water on an empty
stomach."
C. "Take the medication with milk to enhance absorption."
D. "Take the medication just before bedtime for better effectiveness."
Answer: B) "Take the medication with a full glass of water on an
empty stomach."
Rationale: Azithromycin is most effectively absorbed when taken on
an empty stomach, typically 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
Milk can interfere with absorption, so it is not recommended.
2. Which of the following medications can cause a disulfiram-like
reaction when taken with alcohol
A. Metronidazole
B. Azithromycin
C. Amoxicillin
D. Ciprofloxacin
Answer: A) Metronidazole
Rationale: Metronidazole, when taken with alcohol, can cause a
disulfiram-like reaction, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting,
flushing, and headache.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving intravenous ceftriaxone.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of this antibiotic?
A. Seizures
B. Nephrotoxicity
C. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
D. Ototoxicity
Answer: B) Nephrotoxicity
Rationale: Ceftriaxone, like other cephalosporins, can cause
nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with preexisting kidney
problems. Monitoring renal function is essential
4. A patient is prescribed spironolactone for heart failure. Which of
the following is a common side effect of this medication?
A. Hyperkalemia
,B. Hypokalemia
C. Dehydration
D. Hypotension
Answer: A) Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can
lead to an increase in potassium levels, resulting in hyperkalemia.
5. A nurse is teaching a patient who is prescribed hydrocodone.
Which of the following should be included in the teaching plan?
A. "You may experience increased alertness and should be able to
drive."
B. "Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication."
C. "It is safe to take hydrocodone with other over-the-counter pain
medications."
D. "It is best to take this medication before bed to reduce
drowsiness."
Answer: B) "Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication."
Rationale: Hydrocodone is an opioid analgesic, and taking it with
alcohol can increase the risk of central nervous system depression,
leading to respiratory depression, sedation, or even death.
6. Which of the following medications is most appropriate for
treating chronic asthma symptoms?
A. Albuterol
B. Fluticasone
C. Ipratropium
D. Epinephrine
Answer: B) Fluticasone
Rationale: Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for the long-
term control of asthma by reducing inflammation. Albuterol is a
short-acting bronchodilator used for acute symptoms, while
ipratropium is used as a bronchodilator, and epinephrine is for
emergency situations.
7. A nurse is administering a dose of metformin to a patient with
type 2 diabetes. Which of the following should the nurse be aware of
in relation to this medication?
A. Metformin can cause significant weight gain.
B. Metformin can increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
C. Metformin is contraindicated in patients with renal impairment.
D. Metformin should be taken with high-protein meals for optimal
absorption.
, Answer: C) Metformin is contraindicated in patients with renal
impairment.
Rationale: Metformin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal
impairment due to the increased risk of lactic acidosis. It should be
used with caution and monitored in patients with renal disease.
8. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving the medication
prednisone. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of
long-term prednisone use?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Weight loss
C. Osteoporosis
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: C) Osteoporosis
Rationale: Long-term use of prednisone, a corticosteroid, can lead to
bone demineralization, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.
9. A patient is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for the
treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the
following instructions should the nurse give the patient?
A. "Take the medication with food."
B. "Take the medication just before bed."
C. "Take the medication 30 minutes before a meal."
D. "Take the medication with antacids for maximum effect."
Answer: C) "Take the medication 30 minutes before a meal."
Rationale: PPIs should be taken before meals to allow the medication
to effectively reduce stomach acid production.
10. Which of the following is a major side effect of corticosteroid
therapy?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypotension
C. Sedation
D. Hepatotoxicity
Answer: A) Hyperglycemia
Rationale: Corticosteroids like prednisone can increase blood glucose
levels, leading to hyperglycemia.
11. Which of the following statements indicates the patient
understands the teaching about the use of nitroglycerin?
A. "I will take the medication if I have chest pain, but I will not take
it if I have a headache."
