lOMoARcPSD|26582732
Medical
surgery Exam
3 study guide
2025
Medical surgery 2 (florida state college at jacksonville)
Exam 3 study guide
Flow of blood through the heart → there are 4 chambers
1. The right atrium→ receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior and inferior
vena cava
2. The right ventricle→ receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the
lungs via the pulmonary artery.
3. The left atrium→ receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary vein.
4. The left ventricle→ is the largest and most muscular chamber; it receives oxygenated blood
from the lungs via the left atrium and pumps blood into the systemic circulation via the aorta.
Need to know terms
A. Unifocal→ uniform
A. Multifocal→ will have different shapes, different shapes in same strip
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A. Bigeminy→ one every two beats
A. Trigeminy→one every 3 beats
A. Qudrigeminy→one every 4 beats
A. Couplets→ two in a row, not very dangerous until you get 4 in a row.
Right sided heart failure left sided heart heart failure
Failure
Rocks the body with fluid→ peripheral pulmonary the heart fails to pump edema.
Edema blood forward and heavy weight gain= water more serious fluid backs up into the
gain because it lungs or the body.
(over 3 lbs in one day or 5 lbs in seven affects our super deadly! The days→very bad)
abc’s patient ends up edema usually in lower legs will always drowning in their
own jugular vein distention here crackles fluid.
• Abdominal growth (ascites, which is fluid risk factors hepatomegaly, splenomegaly) building
up in hypertension
• Right sided heart failure develops from the lungs atrial fibrillation/ damaged
myocardial heart muscle frothy pink/ other which makes the heart weak which
blood tinged dysrhythmias causes a weaker pump. → commonly sputum→
mitral valve get heart failure after a big mi. Always a sign regurgitation
• Ischemic heart disease causes a systolic of pulmonary cardiomyopathy hf which
means a squeeze failure→ edema.
The heart fails to squeeze blood dyspnea/ for worsening heart
Forward. Orthopnea failure
• #1 treatment head of bed raised 45
→ degrees or more
Furosemide, (semi/high fowlers)
bumetanide oxygen
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“the body is Push
dried” furosemide/morphine
Left sided End sodium/fluid→
heart failure sodium swells → No
commonly drinking extra fluids/
causes right stopping all IV fluids
sided heart Cardiac output→ oxygen
failure rich blood is pushed out
Right sided to the body
heart failure #1 risk factor is
can be caused hypertension
by diseases in
the lungs→ As the heart fails to pump
COPD, Years of blood forward, heavy
smoking, or fluid can back up into the
**Obstructive lungs which makes it
sleep apnea** difficult to breathe
during breastfeeding or
bottle feedings.
Fluid also backs up into
the body which results in
weight gain from water
gain
Can be left or right sided
failure
Signs/symptoms
Weight gain= water gain
Difficulty breathing (fluid
filled lungs)
Orthopnea( SOB when
lying flat)
Sweating during
feeding/diaphoresis
tachycardia/tachypnea
Can have other
manifestation with left
and right sided heart
failure that adults have
Interventions
Give the child a lot of rest
in order to take work load
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
Medical
surgery Exam
3 study guide
2025
Medical surgery 2 (florida state college at jacksonville)
Exam 3 study guide
Flow of blood through the heart → there are 4 chambers
1. The right atrium→ receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior and inferior
vena cava
2. The right ventricle→ receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the
lungs via the pulmonary artery.
3. The left atrium→ receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary vein.
4. The left ventricle→ is the largest and most muscular chamber; it receives oxygenated blood
from the lungs via the left atrium and pumps blood into the systemic circulation via the aorta.
Need to know terms
A. Unifocal→ uniform
A. Multifocal→ will have different shapes, different shapes in same strip
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
A. Bigeminy→ one every two beats
A. Trigeminy→one every 3 beats
A. Qudrigeminy→one every 4 beats
A. Couplets→ two in a row, not very dangerous until you get 4 in a row.
Right sided heart failure left sided heart heart failure
Failure
Rocks the body with fluid→ peripheral pulmonary the heart fails to pump edema.
Edema blood forward and heavy weight gain= water more serious fluid backs up into the
gain because it lungs or the body.
(over 3 lbs in one day or 5 lbs in seven affects our super deadly! The days→very bad)
abc’s patient ends up edema usually in lower legs will always drowning in their
own jugular vein distention here crackles fluid.
• Abdominal growth (ascites, which is fluid risk factors hepatomegaly, splenomegaly) building
up in hypertension
• Right sided heart failure develops from the lungs atrial fibrillation/ damaged
myocardial heart muscle frothy pink/ other which makes the heart weak which
blood tinged dysrhythmias causes a weaker pump. → commonly sputum→
mitral valve get heart failure after a big mi. Always a sign regurgitation
• Ischemic heart disease causes a systolic of pulmonary cardiomyopathy hf which
means a squeeze failure→ edema.
The heart fails to squeeze blood dyspnea/ for worsening heart
Forward. Orthopnea failure
• #1 treatment head of bed raised 45
→ degrees or more
Furosemide, (semi/high fowlers)
bumetanide oxygen
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
“the body is Push
dried” furosemide/morphine
Left sided End sodium/fluid→
heart failure sodium swells → No
commonly drinking extra fluids/
causes right stopping all IV fluids
sided heart Cardiac output→ oxygen
failure rich blood is pushed out
Right sided to the body
heart failure #1 risk factor is
can be caused hypertension
by diseases in
the lungs→ As the heart fails to pump
COPD, Years of blood forward, heavy
smoking, or fluid can back up into the
**Obstructive lungs which makes it
sleep apnea** difficult to breathe
during breastfeeding or
bottle feedings.
Fluid also backs up into
the body which results in
weight gain from water
gain
Can be left or right sided
failure
Signs/symptoms
Weight gain= water gain
Difficulty breathing (fluid
filled lungs)
Orthopnea( SOB when
lying flat)
Sweating during
feeding/diaphoresis
tachycardia/tachypnea
Can have other
manifestation with left
and right sided heart
failure that adults have
Interventions
Give the child a lot of rest
in order to take work load
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
