NU 150 - GALEN - PHARM TEST 4
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Phenytoin (Anticonvulsant Drugs) -Contraindications - Answer-Contraindications:
hypersensitivity, heart problems, pregnancy, and lactation.
DO NOT mix with other CNS depressants, e.g., narcotics, alcohol
Precautions: liver & kidney disease, neurological disorders.'
Interactions w/ different drugs. It is important to talk with your PHCP about other
medications to see if an interaction will occur.
No stopping abruptly
Phenytoin (Anticonvulsant Drugs) - adverse reactions - Answer-Drowsiness: common
ADR→ assist with ambulation to prevent falls from occurring.
blood dyscrasias (abnormal) → lab tests done routinely to monitor and watch for any
problems.
Hypersensitivity, SJS, hyperglycemia, gingival hyperplasia/gingivitis
Signs of toxicity: slurred speech, ataxia, lethargy, dizziness, N/V.
Allopurinol (Uric Acid Inhibitors) - uses - Answer-Gout = A form of arthritis characterized
by severe pain, redness, and tenderness in joints.
Decreased the production of uric acid→ ↓the level of serum uric acid and the deposits of
urate crystals in the joints. = uric acid reducer
Prevent acute attacks of gout (prophylaxis)= prevents gout
Allopurinol (Uric Acid Inhibitors) - precautions - Answer-Precautions: avoid clients with
kidney and liver disease
Not a pain reliever
Allopurinol (Uric Acid Inhibitors) - ADR - Answer-Stop taking if seen mild rash-notify
HCP
Increase fluids=to excrete uric acid to prevent kidney stones
May take a few months to work
Monitor labs- liver, renal function
Alendronate Bisphosphonates (Fosamax) - actions - Answer-Act on the bone by
inhibiting normal & abnormal bone resorption→
Treats osteoporosis
Osteoporosis (loss of bone mass) → reverses progression of the disease
Decrease risk for fracture related to osteoporosis & Paget's disease.
Alendronate Bisphosphonates (Fosamax) - ADR - Answer-Nausea, diarrhea
Increased or recurrent bone pain
Headache
Dyspepsia (GI discomfort), acid regurgitation, dysphagia
, Abdominal pain
Alendronate Bisphosphonates (Fosamax) - Contraindication - Answer-Hypocalcemia
Delayed esophageal emptying
Renal Impairment
MONITOR BONE DENSITY
Alendronate Bisphosphonates (Fosamax) - Patient teaching - Answer-TAKE WITH 8oz
GLASS OF WATER
HAVE PATIENT SIT UP 30 MIN AFTER MED ADMINISTRATION TO PREVENT
ESOPHOGITIS= SCARRING OF THE ESOPHOGUS
Donepezil (Aricept) - uses - Answer-Cholinesterase inhibitors
Drugs used to treat Alzheimer's Disease does not cure the disease but slows the
progression of dementia.
treat early and moderate stages of dementia related to AD
used to strengthen neurotransmission and improve or maintain memory in those with
dementia
All prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine, ↑levels of acetylcholine→ ↑communication
between nerve cells
Donepezil (Aricept) - ADR - Answer-Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Dizziness and
headache
Donepezil (Aricept) - Nursing Process - Answer-Can be taken without regards to food
intake, with or without meals.
Offer food that easy to chew and digest. Offer frequent small meals
Encourage use of call bells. Initiate fall precautions.
Educate on the use of Medic-Alert bracelet.
Notify HCP for refusal to taking pills. Other forms such as use of transdermal patch
maybe ordered
Encourage oral fluid intake to prevent dehydration due anorexia and diarrhea.
Donepezil (Aricept) - Patient education - Answer-Take the drug exactly as directed.
Do not increase, decrease, or omit a dose or discontinue use.
Do not drive or perform other hazardous tasks that requires mental alertness while on
this drug.
Keep track of when the drug is taken.
Educate on the use of memory aides.
Report the occurrence of severe ADRs: severe vomiting, dehydration, or changes in
neurologic functioning.
Emphasize that these drugs do not cure AD but slow the mental and physical
degeneration associated with the disease.
Lorazepam (Benzodiazepines) - uses - Answer-antianxiety drugs
Elevate seizure threshold by ↓ excitation (excitement)
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Phenytoin (Anticonvulsant Drugs) -Contraindications - Answer-Contraindications:
hypersensitivity, heart problems, pregnancy, and lactation.
DO NOT mix with other CNS depressants, e.g., narcotics, alcohol
Precautions: liver & kidney disease, neurological disorders.'
Interactions w/ different drugs. It is important to talk with your PHCP about other
medications to see if an interaction will occur.
No stopping abruptly
Phenytoin (Anticonvulsant Drugs) - adverse reactions - Answer-Drowsiness: common
ADR→ assist with ambulation to prevent falls from occurring.
blood dyscrasias (abnormal) → lab tests done routinely to monitor and watch for any
problems.
Hypersensitivity, SJS, hyperglycemia, gingival hyperplasia/gingivitis
Signs of toxicity: slurred speech, ataxia, lethargy, dizziness, N/V.
Allopurinol (Uric Acid Inhibitors) - uses - Answer-Gout = A form of arthritis characterized
by severe pain, redness, and tenderness in joints.
Decreased the production of uric acid→ ↓the level of serum uric acid and the deposits of
urate crystals in the joints. = uric acid reducer
Prevent acute attacks of gout (prophylaxis)= prevents gout
Allopurinol (Uric Acid Inhibitors) - precautions - Answer-Precautions: avoid clients with
kidney and liver disease
Not a pain reliever
Allopurinol (Uric Acid Inhibitors) - ADR - Answer-Stop taking if seen mild rash-notify
HCP
Increase fluids=to excrete uric acid to prevent kidney stones
May take a few months to work
Monitor labs- liver, renal function
Alendronate Bisphosphonates (Fosamax) - actions - Answer-Act on the bone by
inhibiting normal & abnormal bone resorption→
Treats osteoporosis
Osteoporosis (loss of bone mass) → reverses progression of the disease
Decrease risk for fracture related to osteoporosis & Paget's disease.
Alendronate Bisphosphonates (Fosamax) - ADR - Answer-Nausea, diarrhea
Increased or recurrent bone pain
Headache
Dyspepsia (GI discomfort), acid regurgitation, dysphagia
, Abdominal pain
Alendronate Bisphosphonates (Fosamax) - Contraindication - Answer-Hypocalcemia
Delayed esophageal emptying
Renal Impairment
MONITOR BONE DENSITY
Alendronate Bisphosphonates (Fosamax) - Patient teaching - Answer-TAKE WITH 8oz
GLASS OF WATER
HAVE PATIENT SIT UP 30 MIN AFTER MED ADMINISTRATION TO PREVENT
ESOPHOGITIS= SCARRING OF THE ESOPHOGUS
Donepezil (Aricept) - uses - Answer-Cholinesterase inhibitors
Drugs used to treat Alzheimer's Disease does not cure the disease but slows the
progression of dementia.
treat early and moderate stages of dementia related to AD
used to strengthen neurotransmission and improve or maintain memory in those with
dementia
All prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine, ↑levels of acetylcholine→ ↑communication
between nerve cells
Donepezil (Aricept) - ADR - Answer-Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Dizziness and
headache
Donepezil (Aricept) - Nursing Process - Answer-Can be taken without regards to food
intake, with or without meals.
Offer food that easy to chew and digest. Offer frequent small meals
Encourage use of call bells. Initiate fall precautions.
Educate on the use of Medic-Alert bracelet.
Notify HCP for refusal to taking pills. Other forms such as use of transdermal patch
maybe ordered
Encourage oral fluid intake to prevent dehydration due anorexia and diarrhea.
Donepezil (Aricept) - Patient education - Answer-Take the drug exactly as directed.
Do not increase, decrease, or omit a dose or discontinue use.
Do not drive or perform other hazardous tasks that requires mental alertness while on
this drug.
Keep track of when the drug is taken.
Educate on the use of memory aides.
Report the occurrence of severe ADRs: severe vomiting, dehydration, or changes in
neurologic functioning.
Emphasize that these drugs do not cure AD but slow the mental and physical
degeneration associated with the disease.
Lorazepam (Benzodiazepines) - uses - Answer-antianxiety drugs
Elevate seizure threshold by ↓ excitation (excitement)
