UTMB 5355 EXAM 2
Advanced
Pathophysiology basic
1. Which of the following is a characteristic of oncogenes?
A) They promote normal cell growth and division. B) They are mutated proto-
oncogenes that lead to uncontrolled cell growth. C) They inhibit tumor progression
and prevent mutations. D) They are involved in DNA repair mechanisms.
Correct Answer: B) They are mutated proto-oncogenes that lead to uncontrolled cell
growth.
,2. What is the primary role of tumor suppressor genes?
A) To promote cell division and growth. B) To inhibit tumor progression and prevent
mutations. C) To repair damaged DNA. D) To facilitate angiogenesis.
Correct Answer: B) To inhibit tumor progression and prevent mutations.
3. Which of the following is a common effect of vasodilation during an inflammatory
response?
A) Increased blood viscosity. B) Decreased blood flow to the affected area. C) Slower
blood flow. D) Enhanced immune cell migration.
Correct Answer: C) Slower blood flow.
4. What is the role of histamine when released by mast cells?
A) Decreases vascular permeability. B) Increases vascular permeability. C) Inhibits the
inflammatory response. D) Promotes vasoconstriction.
Correct Answer: B) Increases vascular permeability.
5. Which of the following is a characteristic of proto-oncogenes?
A) They are normal genes that promote cell growth and division. B) They are
mutated forms of tumor suppressor genes. C) They inhibit cell growth and division.
D) They are involved in DNA repair mechanisms.
Correct Answer: A) They are normal genes that promote cell growth and division.6.
Which of the following describes the primary function of the renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system (RAAS)?
, A) It helps regulate the body's temperature.
B) It is involved in immune responses and inflammation.
C) It helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.
D) It facilitates digestion in the gastrointestinal tract.
Correct Answer: C) It helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.
7. In the context of shock, which of the following is a characteristic of hypovolemic
shock?
A) It is caused by an allergic reaction leading to vasodilation.
B) It results from a decrease in circulating blood volume.
C) It occurs due to cardiac failure leading to reduced blood flow.
D) It is due to a bacterial infection leading to systemic inflammation.
Correct Answer: B) It results from a decrease in circulating blood volume.
8. Which of the following is a hallmark of apoptosis?
A) Uncontrolled cell division.
B) Inflammatory response.
C) Programmed cell death without inflammation.
D) Excessive cell growth.
Correct Answer: C) Programmed cell death without inflammation.
9. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the formation of immune
complexes?
A) Type I
B) Type II
Advanced
Pathophysiology basic
1. Which of the following is a characteristic of oncogenes?
A) They promote normal cell growth and division. B) They are mutated proto-
oncogenes that lead to uncontrolled cell growth. C) They inhibit tumor progression
and prevent mutations. D) They are involved in DNA repair mechanisms.
Correct Answer: B) They are mutated proto-oncogenes that lead to uncontrolled cell
growth.
,2. What is the primary role of tumor suppressor genes?
A) To promote cell division and growth. B) To inhibit tumor progression and prevent
mutations. C) To repair damaged DNA. D) To facilitate angiogenesis.
Correct Answer: B) To inhibit tumor progression and prevent mutations.
3. Which of the following is a common effect of vasodilation during an inflammatory
response?
A) Increased blood viscosity. B) Decreased blood flow to the affected area. C) Slower
blood flow. D) Enhanced immune cell migration.
Correct Answer: C) Slower blood flow.
4. What is the role of histamine when released by mast cells?
A) Decreases vascular permeability. B) Increases vascular permeability. C) Inhibits the
inflammatory response. D) Promotes vasoconstriction.
Correct Answer: B) Increases vascular permeability.
5. Which of the following is a characteristic of proto-oncogenes?
A) They are normal genes that promote cell growth and division. B) They are
mutated forms of tumor suppressor genes. C) They inhibit cell growth and division.
D) They are involved in DNA repair mechanisms.
Correct Answer: A) They are normal genes that promote cell growth and division.6.
Which of the following describes the primary function of the renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system (RAAS)?
, A) It helps regulate the body's temperature.
B) It is involved in immune responses and inflammation.
C) It helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.
D) It facilitates digestion in the gastrointestinal tract.
Correct Answer: C) It helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.
7. In the context of shock, which of the following is a characteristic of hypovolemic
shock?
A) It is caused by an allergic reaction leading to vasodilation.
B) It results from a decrease in circulating blood volume.
C) It occurs due to cardiac failure leading to reduced blood flow.
D) It is due to a bacterial infection leading to systemic inflammation.
Correct Answer: B) It results from a decrease in circulating blood volume.
8. Which of the following is a hallmark of apoptosis?
A) Uncontrolled cell division.
B) Inflammatory response.
C) Programmed cell death without inflammation.
D) Excessive cell growth.
Correct Answer: C) Programmed cell death without inflammation.
9. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the formation of immune
complexes?
A) Type I
B) Type II
