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Diagnosis & Management in Psychiatric Mental Health II Practicum
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1. Stimulant Medications: Methylphenidate: -Low risk of adverse effects
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-Available formulations: b
• Ritalin - b
available in immediate release (IR) and extended release (XR) available in beads that m
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ay be sprinkled on food for children who cannot swallow pills
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• Concerta biphasic - combined immediate and delayed release in one medication
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• Daytrana - patch applied in AM and removed after 9 hour
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2. Stimulant Medications: Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin): -Available in IR and ER
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-More potent than Ritalin
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-High risk of adverse effects
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3. Stimulant Medications: Amphetamine (Adzenys): -available in orally disinte-
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,grating ER formula for children who cannot swallow pills
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-Avoid prescribing when an MAOI has been used within 14 days
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4. Stimulant Medications: Dextroamphetamine (Adderall): -
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Available in IR and extended-release formulations
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-
Often dosed in morning (IR or XR) with an evening or evening prn (IR) dose if med effec
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ts diminish prior to end of school, study or the workday
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-Most abused & diverted prescription stimulant
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5. Stimulant Medications: Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse): -
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Biologically inactive until metabolized by the body (Prodrug)
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-Less abuse & diversion potential than other stimulants
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-Higher-cost medication b
6. Non-stimulant medication: Atomoxetine (Strattera): -Noradrenergic (NRI)
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-Initial drug of choice for adults with ADHD
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-no abuse potential
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-tolerated well when prescribed in BID dosing
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,-appropriate choice for comorbid substance abuse
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, -may augment the effects of antidepressants & antianxiety meds
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-can be dosed at bedtime if fatigue is noted
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-unlikely to worsen tics b b b
7. Non-stimulant medication: Clonidine: -± 2agonist b b b b
• May be taken as monotherapy or with stimulant medications
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-enhances precortical function for better mental focus
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-appetite neutral b
-may help with sleep disturbances, administer at bedtime
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-adverse effects: b
• sedation, brain fog b b
-monitor of BP closely during initial titration, risk of hypotension
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-tapered to avoid rebound hypertension post discontinuation
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