Higher Human Biology Unit 2 Exam Review
Questions and Correct Answers
What are the male and female gametes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Male- sperm
Female- ova
What is the function of the testes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Produces sperm
What is the function of the sperm duct? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Carries sperm from
testes to penis
What is the function of the prostate gland? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Secretes a
lubricating liquid that aids in the movement of the sperm and contains enzymes
What is the function of the seminal vesicles? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Secrete a thick,
fructose-rich liquid, which is a sperm energy source, and the hormone prostaglandin, which
stimulates contraction
What function do the seminiferous tubules have? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅They
produce sperm
What function do the interstitial cells have? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅They produce
testosterone
What does FSH stand for and what is it's function in males? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Follicle stimulating hormone - Promotes sperm production from germline
cells in seminiferous tubules
What does ICSH stand for and what is it's function? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Interstitial
cell stimulating hormone - Found between seminiferous tubules and stimulates the interstitial
cells production of testosterone
,What is the function of Testosterone? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Stimulates sperm
production and promotes secondary sexual characteristics
What is negative feedback in male gamete production? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅When
there are high levels of testosterone, production of FSH and ICSH are inhibited, the testosterone
levels decrease, and when levels are too low anterior pituitary releases FSH and ICSH again
What is the anterior pituitary? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The anterior pituitary gland
produces hormones and releases them into the bloodstream
Where are ova produced? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅In the ovaries by meiosis of
germline cells
What surrounds the ova and what is it's function? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Graafian
Follicule - Protects the ova and produces oestrogen
What happens to the follicule after ovulation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The Graafian
Follicule turns into a corpus luteum and secretes progesterone
What is the corpus luteum? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A gland-like structure that secretes
progesterone
What does FSH stand for and what is it's function in females? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Follicule stimulating hormone - stimulates development and maturation of
the Graafian Follicule and stimulates production of oestrogen
What does LH stand for and what is it's function? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Lutenising
Hormone - triggers ovulation and brings about development of corpus luteum also stimulates
production of progesterone
, What is the function of oestrogen? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Stimulates cell
proliferation (cell division) of endometrium and stimulates secretion of LH
What is the endometrium? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The lining of the uterus
What is the function of progesterone? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Promotes thickening of
endometrium and inhibits secretion of FSH
What is the menstrual cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The interaction of the female
gonadrophic and sex hormones
How long does the menstrual cycle last? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅28 days on average
What is the first stage of the menstrual cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The follicular
phase
What hormones are involved in the first stage of the menstrual cycle and what are their
purposes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅FSH- stimulates development of the follicle which
then produces:
Oestrogen- stimulates repair proliferation of the endometrium which brings about a surge in:
LH - Which results in ovulation
What happens during ovulation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Wall of follicule ruptures and
the egg is released and the egg is swept along oviduct by cilia. The egg only lasts 3-4 days and if
no fertilisation occurs then the egg degenerates.
What is the second stage of the menstrual cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The Luteal
phase
What occurs in the second stage of the menstrual cycle? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Occurs after ovulation - LH stimulates follicle to turn into corpus luteum,
Questions and Correct Answers
What are the male and female gametes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Male- sperm
Female- ova
What is the function of the testes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Produces sperm
What is the function of the sperm duct? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Carries sperm from
testes to penis
What is the function of the prostate gland? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Secretes a
lubricating liquid that aids in the movement of the sperm and contains enzymes
What is the function of the seminal vesicles? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Secrete a thick,
fructose-rich liquid, which is a sperm energy source, and the hormone prostaglandin, which
stimulates contraction
What function do the seminiferous tubules have? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅They
produce sperm
What function do the interstitial cells have? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅They produce
testosterone
What does FSH stand for and what is it's function in males? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Follicle stimulating hormone - Promotes sperm production from germline
cells in seminiferous tubules
What does ICSH stand for and what is it's function? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Interstitial
cell stimulating hormone - Found between seminiferous tubules and stimulates the interstitial
cells production of testosterone
,What is the function of Testosterone? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Stimulates sperm
production and promotes secondary sexual characteristics
What is negative feedback in male gamete production? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅When
there are high levels of testosterone, production of FSH and ICSH are inhibited, the testosterone
levels decrease, and when levels are too low anterior pituitary releases FSH and ICSH again
What is the anterior pituitary? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The anterior pituitary gland
produces hormones and releases them into the bloodstream
Where are ova produced? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅In the ovaries by meiosis of
germline cells
What surrounds the ova and what is it's function? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Graafian
Follicule - Protects the ova and produces oestrogen
What happens to the follicule after ovulation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The Graafian
Follicule turns into a corpus luteum and secretes progesterone
What is the corpus luteum? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A gland-like structure that secretes
progesterone
What does FSH stand for and what is it's function in females? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Follicule stimulating hormone - stimulates development and maturation of
the Graafian Follicule and stimulates production of oestrogen
What does LH stand for and what is it's function? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Lutenising
Hormone - triggers ovulation and brings about development of corpus luteum also stimulates
production of progesterone
, What is the function of oestrogen? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Stimulates cell
proliferation (cell division) of endometrium and stimulates secretion of LH
What is the endometrium? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The lining of the uterus
What is the function of progesterone? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Promotes thickening of
endometrium and inhibits secretion of FSH
What is the menstrual cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The interaction of the female
gonadrophic and sex hormones
How long does the menstrual cycle last? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅28 days on average
What is the first stage of the menstrual cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The follicular
phase
What hormones are involved in the first stage of the menstrual cycle and what are their
purposes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅FSH- stimulates development of the follicle which
then produces:
Oestrogen- stimulates repair proliferation of the endometrium which brings about a surge in:
LH - Which results in ovulation
What happens during ovulation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Wall of follicule ruptures and
the egg is released and the egg is swept along oviduct by cilia. The egg only lasts 3-4 days and if
no fertilisation occurs then the egg degenerates.
What is the second stage of the menstrual cycle? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The Luteal
phase
What occurs in the second stage of the menstrual cycle? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Occurs after ovulation - LH stimulates follicle to turn into corpus luteum,
