MSC biologics Midterm exam Questions and
Correct Answers
3 elements of the triad - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cells
signals
scaffold
cell name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-genic
signal name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inductive
scaffold name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inductive
Cell types - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅MSC (mesenchymal cell)
HSC (hematopoietic cell)
Signal synonyms - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅growth factor, chemokine, cytokine,
signaling proteins
signals examples - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅VEGF, BMP-2, RANKL
scaffold synonyms - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅matrix and template (3D matrix)
scaffold examples - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅collagen and hydroxyapatetite
two types of processing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅aseptic and terminal
,aseptic processing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-sterility assurance level 10-3
-1- 1000 chance of contamination
-if there are living cells its aseptic
terminal sterilization - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-sterility assurance 10-6
-1 in 1 million chance of contamination
-includes radiation
-no living cells
Creeping substitution - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the body will remove a little of the graft
as it replaces it with something better
-replaces slowly
how are orthobiologics regulated - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅510k
HCT-P
510k - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-medical device
-contains man made or xenograft
HCT-P - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-100% human tissue
-minimally manipulated
-intended for homologous use
Homologus - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅asking tissue to be what it is and do what it is
intended to do
Mechanotransduction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a process through which forces or other
mechanical signals are converted to biochemical signals in cellular signaling
, -osteoclasts turn to osteoblasts
wolffs law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅when loading increases bone will respond by
becoming stronger to resist loading
Stress shielding - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Reduction in bone density as a result of
removal of normal stress from the bone by an implant
load sharing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Allows for some of the stresses required for bone
formation to be distributed between the implant and the skeleton
4 phases of bone healing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1. inflammation
2. soft callus ( fibrocartilage tissue)
3. hard callus (woven bone)(immature)
4. remodeling (lamellar bone)(mature)
woven bone makeup - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅70% collagen
30% mineral
lamellar bone makeup - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅30% collagen
70% mineral
4 AO principles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1. anatomic reduction
2. stable internal fixation
3. preservation of blood supply
4. early mobilization
bone grafts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅replacing missing bone with a bone material from
patients own body, synthetic, or natural substitute
Correct Answers
3 elements of the triad - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cells
signals
scaffold
cell name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-genic
signal name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inductive
scaffold name - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inductive
Cell types - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅MSC (mesenchymal cell)
HSC (hematopoietic cell)
Signal synonyms - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅growth factor, chemokine, cytokine,
signaling proteins
signals examples - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅VEGF, BMP-2, RANKL
scaffold synonyms - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅matrix and template (3D matrix)
scaffold examples - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅collagen and hydroxyapatetite
two types of processing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅aseptic and terminal
,aseptic processing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-sterility assurance level 10-3
-1- 1000 chance of contamination
-if there are living cells its aseptic
terminal sterilization - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-sterility assurance 10-6
-1 in 1 million chance of contamination
-includes radiation
-no living cells
Creeping substitution - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅the body will remove a little of the graft
as it replaces it with something better
-replaces slowly
how are orthobiologics regulated - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅510k
HCT-P
510k - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-medical device
-contains man made or xenograft
HCT-P - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅-100% human tissue
-minimally manipulated
-intended for homologous use
Homologus - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅asking tissue to be what it is and do what it is
intended to do
Mechanotransduction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅a process through which forces or other
mechanical signals are converted to biochemical signals in cellular signaling
, -osteoclasts turn to osteoblasts
wolffs law - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅when loading increases bone will respond by
becoming stronger to resist loading
Stress shielding - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Reduction in bone density as a result of
removal of normal stress from the bone by an implant
load sharing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Allows for some of the stresses required for bone
formation to be distributed between the implant and the skeleton
4 phases of bone healing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1. inflammation
2. soft callus ( fibrocartilage tissue)
3. hard callus (woven bone)(immature)
4. remodeling (lamellar bone)(mature)
woven bone makeup - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅70% collagen
30% mineral
lamellar bone makeup - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅30% collagen
70% mineral
4 AO principles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1. anatomic reduction
2. stable internal fixation
3. preservation of blood supply
4. early mobilization
bone grafts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅replacing missing bone with a bone material from
patients own body, synthetic, or natural substitute
