CBIS EXAM LATEST ACTUAL EXAM 200
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Acute Brain Injury -
An injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital, degenerative, or induced
by birth trauma
Traumatic Brain Injury -
An alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by
an external force
2 Mechanisms
*trauma impact
* traumatic inertial forces
Non-traumatic brain injury -
Lack of O2, decreased nutrients to cells, exposure to toxins, pressure from tumor
or blockage or other neuro disorder
ABI Prevalence -
2nd most prevalent disability in U. S.
* 13.5 million Americans
Children & TBI -
* non-accidental trauma cause of 80% of deaths in children under 2yo
* 2/3 of children under 3yo that are abused have TBIs
*falls cause 1/2 of TBI in 0-14yo
domestic violence -
67% of women in domestic violence had TBI symptoms
Mild TBI -
*concussion
*LOC > 30 min
*loss of memory >24hrs
*CGS 13-15
*normal CT or MRI
*any AMS at time of incident
Moderate TBI -
*LOC up to 24hrs
*neuro signs of brain trauma
* CGS 9-12
*may have focal findings on CT
Severe TBI -
*LOC <24hrs
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,*GCS 3-8
Screens for TBI -
ACE - acute concussion eval
HELPS
WARCAT - warrior administered retrospective casualty assessment tool
TBIQ - traumatic brain injury questionnaire
ImPACT
OSU TBI ID
JCAHO (Joint Commission) -
The non-profit organization that assists healthcare facilities by providing
accreditation
3 year award
CARF (Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission) -
The Organization that oversees the accreditation of brain injury programs
3 year award
TBI Act of 1996 -
Federal Legislation
"To expand efforts to identify methods of preventing TBI, to expand biomedical research
efforts or to minimize the severity of dysfunction as a result of such an injury, and to improve
the delivery & quality of services through the State Demonstration projects."
HRSA - Health Resources Services Administration -
Money to states to improve integration services, establish policy & procedure
financial support
CDC - Center for Disease Control -
Carries out projects to reduce incidence of TBI
Rehabilitation act of 1973 -
Set foundation for state vocational rehab system, a federal/state supported system
of services which assists persons with disabilities who are pursuing meaningful careers
Diffuse axonal injury -
Severe brain injury caused by extreme shearing forces
Persistent post concussive symptoms -
A complex disorder following a concussion, lasting for weeks or months,
consisting of symptoms such as headaches or dizziness, Nausea, post Trumatic amnesia and
GCS of 13/14
Must be diagnosed by neuropsychologist
Somatization -
The expression of psychological distress through physical symptoms
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy - CTE -
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, Rare, progressive, degenerative condition of central nervous system that is seen
and repetitive brain trauma
Dementia, memory loss, aggression, confusion, depression
Hebbian Learning -
Neurons that fire together, wire together
Experience independent learning -
" use it or lose it"
Synaptogenesis -
The process by which neurons form new connections
Disorders of consciousness -
Coma, Vegetative State, minimally conscious state
Coma -
* no evidence of arousal
* no response to internal or extrnal stimuli
* May have reflexive response
* resolves in 2 to 4 weeks
Vegetative state -
Transition of severely brain damaged patients from a coma to wakefulness
without awareness
Can be months to years in this state
Minimally conscious state -
condition in which someone has brief periods of purposeful actions and speech
comprehension
Emergence from DOC -
Requires at least one criteria:
* functional communication by verbal or gestural Y/N response
* functional use of 2 or more objects
Automatic dysfunction syndrome -
Episodes of: dystonia (abnormal muscle tone), tachycardia, diaphoresis
(sweating), hyperthermia, hypertension, tachypnea (rapid breathing)
*occurs in 15%-33% of severe TBI
Sleep Complications -
Hypogenic hallucinations - vivid dream like auditory, visual, or tactile sensations
on experiences between sleep and wake
Cataplexy - feature of narcolepsy. Sudden loss of muscle tone. Consciousness remains clear,
memory not impaired and respirations intact
Immediate post Trumatic convulsions (seizures) -
LOC & involuntary movements within seconds of impact
*can be asymmetrical, short period of AMS & retrograde amnesia
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QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Acute Brain Injury -
An injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital, degenerative, or induced
by birth trauma
Traumatic Brain Injury -
An alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by
an external force
2 Mechanisms
*trauma impact
* traumatic inertial forces
Non-traumatic brain injury -
Lack of O2, decreased nutrients to cells, exposure to toxins, pressure from tumor
or blockage or other neuro disorder
ABI Prevalence -
2nd most prevalent disability in U. S.
* 13.5 million Americans
Children & TBI -
* non-accidental trauma cause of 80% of deaths in children under 2yo
* 2/3 of children under 3yo that are abused have TBIs
*falls cause 1/2 of TBI in 0-14yo
domestic violence -
67% of women in domestic violence had TBI symptoms
Mild TBI -
*concussion
*LOC > 30 min
*loss of memory >24hrs
*CGS 13-15
*normal CT or MRI
*any AMS at time of incident
Moderate TBI -
*LOC up to 24hrs
*neuro signs of brain trauma
* CGS 9-12
*may have focal findings on CT
Severe TBI -
*LOC <24hrs
1|Page
,*GCS 3-8
Screens for TBI -
ACE - acute concussion eval
HELPS
WARCAT - warrior administered retrospective casualty assessment tool
TBIQ - traumatic brain injury questionnaire
ImPACT
OSU TBI ID
JCAHO (Joint Commission) -
The non-profit organization that assists healthcare facilities by providing
accreditation
3 year award
CARF (Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission) -
The Organization that oversees the accreditation of brain injury programs
3 year award
TBI Act of 1996 -
Federal Legislation
"To expand efforts to identify methods of preventing TBI, to expand biomedical research
efforts or to minimize the severity of dysfunction as a result of such an injury, and to improve
the delivery & quality of services through the State Demonstration projects."
HRSA - Health Resources Services Administration -
Money to states to improve integration services, establish policy & procedure
financial support
CDC - Center for Disease Control -
Carries out projects to reduce incidence of TBI
Rehabilitation act of 1973 -
Set foundation for state vocational rehab system, a federal/state supported system
of services which assists persons with disabilities who are pursuing meaningful careers
Diffuse axonal injury -
Severe brain injury caused by extreme shearing forces
Persistent post concussive symptoms -
A complex disorder following a concussion, lasting for weeks or months,
consisting of symptoms such as headaches or dizziness, Nausea, post Trumatic amnesia and
GCS of 13/14
Must be diagnosed by neuropsychologist
Somatization -
The expression of psychological distress through physical symptoms
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy - CTE -
2|Page
, Rare, progressive, degenerative condition of central nervous system that is seen
and repetitive brain trauma
Dementia, memory loss, aggression, confusion, depression
Hebbian Learning -
Neurons that fire together, wire together
Experience independent learning -
" use it or lose it"
Synaptogenesis -
The process by which neurons form new connections
Disorders of consciousness -
Coma, Vegetative State, minimally conscious state
Coma -
* no evidence of arousal
* no response to internal or extrnal stimuli
* May have reflexive response
* resolves in 2 to 4 weeks
Vegetative state -
Transition of severely brain damaged patients from a coma to wakefulness
without awareness
Can be months to years in this state
Minimally conscious state -
condition in which someone has brief periods of purposeful actions and speech
comprehension
Emergence from DOC -
Requires at least one criteria:
* functional communication by verbal or gestural Y/N response
* functional use of 2 or more objects
Automatic dysfunction syndrome -
Episodes of: dystonia (abnormal muscle tone), tachycardia, diaphoresis
(sweating), hyperthermia, hypertension, tachypnea (rapid breathing)
*occurs in 15%-33% of severe TBI
Sleep Complications -
Hypogenic hallucinations - vivid dream like auditory, visual, or tactile sensations
on experiences between sleep and wake
Cataplexy - feature of narcolepsy. Sudden loss of muscle tone. Consciousness remains clear,
memory not impaired and respirations intact
Immediate post Trumatic convulsions (seizures) -
LOC & involuntary movements within seconds of impact
*can be asymmetrical, short period of AMS & retrograde amnesia
3|Page
