CBIS 3213 Test 2
NIC (Network Interface Card) -
an add-on card that's plugged into a motherboard expansion slot and provides a
connection between the computer and the network
a computer network consists of -
two or more computers connected by some kind of transmission medium such as
cable or air waves
in order to access the internet, -
a computer has to be able to connect to a network
network medium -
a cable that plugs into the NIC and makes the connection between a computer and
the rest of the network (can also be air waves, as in wireless networks)
interconnecting device -
allow two or more computers to communicate on the network without having to be
connected directly to one another
NIC driver -
receives data from protocols and forwards this data to the physical NIC
protocols -
define the rules and formats a computer must use when sending information across
the network
LAN (local area network) -
small network, limited to a single collection of machines and connected by one or
more interconnecting devices in a small geographic area
internetwork -
networked collection of LANs tied together by devices such as routers
TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol) -
the most common protocol used on networks; protocol stack that makes
networking work
TCP/IP uses -
two addresses to identify devices
1. logical address (IP address)
2. physical address
(MAC address)
packet -
a chunk of data with a source and destination IP address added to it
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, frame -
a packet with the source and destination MAC addresses added to it
encapsulation -
the process of adding IP addresses and MAC addresses to chunks of data
network model -
defines how and where resources are shared and how access to these resources is
regulated
hub -
a repeater with several ports to which you can connect cabling
a hub receives -
bit signals generated from a connected computer on one of its ports
a hub cleans -
the signal by filtering out electrical noise and regenerates the signal to full strength
a hub transmits -
the regenerated signal to all other ports a computer is connected to
network bandwidth -
amount of data that can be transferred in an interval (measured in bits per second)
hubs share -
bandwidth with all other connected computers meaning only one computer can
successfully transmit data at a time
bandwidth sharing -
when all computers connected to the hub must share the amount of bandwidth the
hub provides
network switch -
similar to a hub and inspects packets/frames and sends it to the necessary
port/computer
basic switch operation -
-data is sent onto the medium one frame at a time
-each frame has the destination MAC address
-switch reads the addresses and keeps a record of which computer is on which port (switching
table) and forwards the frame to the port where the destination MAC can be found
steps of switch operation -
1. the switch receives the frame
2. the switch reads the source and destination MAC addresses
3. the switch looks up the destination MAC address in its switching table
4. the switch forwards the frame to the port where the computer owning the MAC address is
found
5. the switching table is updated with the source MAC address and port information
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NIC (Network Interface Card) -
an add-on card that's plugged into a motherboard expansion slot and provides a
connection between the computer and the network
a computer network consists of -
two or more computers connected by some kind of transmission medium such as
cable or air waves
in order to access the internet, -
a computer has to be able to connect to a network
network medium -
a cable that plugs into the NIC and makes the connection between a computer and
the rest of the network (can also be air waves, as in wireless networks)
interconnecting device -
allow two or more computers to communicate on the network without having to be
connected directly to one another
NIC driver -
receives data from protocols and forwards this data to the physical NIC
protocols -
define the rules and formats a computer must use when sending information across
the network
LAN (local area network) -
small network, limited to a single collection of machines and connected by one or
more interconnecting devices in a small geographic area
internetwork -
networked collection of LANs tied together by devices such as routers
TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol) -
the most common protocol used on networks; protocol stack that makes
networking work
TCP/IP uses -
two addresses to identify devices
1. logical address (IP address)
2. physical address
(MAC address)
packet -
a chunk of data with a source and destination IP address added to it
1|Page
, frame -
a packet with the source and destination MAC addresses added to it
encapsulation -
the process of adding IP addresses and MAC addresses to chunks of data
network model -
defines how and where resources are shared and how access to these resources is
regulated
hub -
a repeater with several ports to which you can connect cabling
a hub receives -
bit signals generated from a connected computer on one of its ports
a hub cleans -
the signal by filtering out electrical noise and regenerates the signal to full strength
a hub transmits -
the regenerated signal to all other ports a computer is connected to
network bandwidth -
amount of data that can be transferred in an interval (measured in bits per second)
hubs share -
bandwidth with all other connected computers meaning only one computer can
successfully transmit data at a time
bandwidth sharing -
when all computers connected to the hub must share the amount of bandwidth the
hub provides
network switch -
similar to a hub and inspects packets/frames and sends it to the necessary
port/computer
basic switch operation -
-data is sent onto the medium one frame at a time
-each frame has the destination MAC address
-switch reads the addresses and keeps a record of which computer is on which port (switching
table) and forwards the frame to the port where the destination MAC can be found
steps of switch operation -
1. the switch receives the frame
2. the switch reads the source and destination MAC addresses
3. the switch looks up the destination MAC address in its switching table
4. the switch forwards the frame to the port where the computer owning the MAC address is
found
5. the switching table is updated with the source MAC address and port information
2|Page
