PORTAGE BIOD 151 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity. - Answers- The abdominal cavity
contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
True or false: The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ADP - Answers- a. False
True or False: Peripheral proteins are found on the outer surface of a cell membrane -
Answers- True
True or False: Exocytosis is the process that occurs to bring biomacromolecules inside
the cell. - Answers- False
Explain what happens to the soft palate during swallowing. Why? - Answers- The
upward movement of the soft palate prevents food or liquid from entering the nasal
passages during swallowing.
Air and food pass in which one of the following areas: Trachea, Nasopharynx,
Oropharynx, Alveoli - Answers- Oropharynx
Label the following five items from the diagram: - Answers- Label B- Oral Cavity, Label
D- Epiglottis, Label E- Glottis, Label F- Trachea, Label G- Esophagus
From widest to narrowest, the branches of the bronchial tree are: - Answers- Primary
bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles
Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive secretion of gastrin) might
develop gastric/stomach ulcers. - Answers- Gastrin stimulates the secretions of
pepsinogens and hydrochloric acid. Excess amounts would lead to erosion of the
stomach lining.
Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5 organs of the digestive
system. To receive credit for the intestines you must label the specific region. -
Answers- 3: Stomach, 4: Gallbladder, 7: Jejunum (not small intestine), 9: Appendix (not
large intestine), 10: Rectum (not large intestine)
Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location, secretions and purposes. -
Answers- The parietal cells (located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete
hydrochloric acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills many of the
bacteria ingested along with food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary
amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in the activation of pepsin. Chief
cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pre-enzyme) is secreted by the chief cells in
the stomach. Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen (secreted by the chief
cells) into the active enzyme pepsin which begins the breakdown of proteins.
FINAL EXAM
List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity. - Answers- The abdominal cavity
contains the stomach, intestines, spleen and liver
True or false: The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ADP - Answers- a. False
True or False: Peripheral proteins are found on the outer surface of a cell membrane -
Answers- True
True or False: Exocytosis is the process that occurs to bring biomacromolecules inside
the cell. - Answers- False
Explain what happens to the soft palate during swallowing. Why? - Answers- The
upward movement of the soft palate prevents food or liquid from entering the nasal
passages during swallowing.
Air and food pass in which one of the following areas: Trachea, Nasopharynx,
Oropharynx, Alveoli - Answers- Oropharynx
Label the following five items from the diagram: - Answers- Label B- Oral Cavity, Label
D- Epiglottis, Label E- Glottis, Label F- Trachea, Label G- Esophagus
From widest to narrowest, the branches of the bronchial tree are: - Answers- Primary
bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles
Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive secretion of gastrin) might
develop gastric/stomach ulcers. - Answers- Gastrin stimulates the secretions of
pepsinogens and hydrochloric acid. Excess amounts would lead to erosion of the
stomach lining.
Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5 organs of the digestive
system. To receive credit for the intestines you must label the specific region. -
Answers- 3: Stomach, 4: Gallbladder, 7: Jejunum (not small intestine), 9: Appendix (not
large intestine), 10: Rectum (not large intestine)
Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location, secretions and purposes. -
Answers- The parietal cells (located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete
hydrochloric acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills many of the
bacteria ingested along with food. In addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary
amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in the activation of pepsin. Chief
cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pre-enzyme) is secreted by the chief cells in
the stomach. Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen (secreted by the chief
cells) into the active enzyme pepsin which begins the breakdown of proteins.
