Foundations of Child Life and Family-
Centered Care
In 1966 the "Association for Well-Being of Hospitalized Children and their Families" was
created. In 1979 the name was changed to what? -
"Association for the Care of Children's Health" ACCH.
The child life profession was developed in what year to improve healthcare experiences for
kids by providing play, preparation and education programs? -
1920s
The progression through and between the various phases of care which varies from child to
child, depending upon diagnosis and individual needs. These phases are called? -
Continuum of Care
What are three main goals that child life specialists strive to achieve? -
Minimize stress, promote coping, optimize growth an development
Who is the theorist of cognitive development? -
Piaget
Who is the theorist of psychosocial development? -
Erikson
Who is the theorist of sociocultural approach to cognitive learning? -
Vygotsky
What age group is most likely to experience loss of privacy & independence issues during
hospitalization. -
Adolescence
What age group to whom security, trust, bonding, & predictability are most important. -
Infancy
An example of this behavior as a reaction to hospitalization is when a school-age child starts
thumb-sucking again. -
Regression
Most authorities agree that adverse reactions to hospitalization decline after children reach
what age group? -
School age
What group of children have a wild imagination and are spontaneous. They also have short
attention spans. -
Preschoolers (3-5 years)
List some activities/interventions to give to preschoolers (ages 3-5) -
1|Page
, Play-dough, coloring/painting, simple board games, cause an effect toys and games,
cars, action figures, dolls, allow them to engage in pretend play and decorate the room to
normalize the environment
What group of children enjoys peers and showing off skills? -
School Age (6-11 years)
List some activities/interventions to give to school age children (ages 6-11 years) -
Offer many choices (what game they would like to play) , board games, video
games, movies, card games, arts and crafts, puzzles, decorate their room, encourage them to
step out of their room and go to the playroom if medically cleared
List some activities/interventions to give to teens (ages 12-18) -
Arts and crafts, video games, board games, card games, word searches, sodoku,
crosswords, magazines, scrapbooking, laptop, decorate the room
What group of children are missing friends, hobbies and school and trying to find their
identity? -
Teens (12-18 years)
What are the single two most important areas to keep in mind surrounding the vulnerability to
stress, coping and adjustment to hospitalization? -
Age and development
What are some general fears that a hospitalized child may experience? -
Fear of separation, loss of control, fear of bodily mutilation etc.
What are some reactions that children have to hospitalization? -
Crying, clinging to parents, resisting care, destructive, minimal communication and
play
Name a few stressors/issues that could exist with hospitalized toddlers? And what solutions
can be provided to promote development in hospitalized toddlers? -
Fear of separation, loss of autonomy, restriction, disruption in routine, feelings of
unfamiliarity to their environment, stranger anxiety, loud noises and regression in skills
Solutions: Parental participation, provide familiar objects from home, establish routine with
medical staff, allow for self-expression and exploration through play, set limitations, etc.
What stressors/issues may exist for hospitalized preschoolers? And what solutions can be
implemented? -
Fear of separation, loss of control and independence, fear of mutilation,
misconceptions about medial treatment and healthcare team, fear of punishment, egocentric
thoughts and magical thinking
Solutions: Allow exploration and self-expression through play, promote parental
involvement, provide thorough preparations for medical procedures, allow manipulation of
medical equipment through medical play, offer choices, etc.
2|Page
Centered Care
In 1966 the "Association for Well-Being of Hospitalized Children and their Families" was
created. In 1979 the name was changed to what? -
"Association for the Care of Children's Health" ACCH.
The child life profession was developed in what year to improve healthcare experiences for
kids by providing play, preparation and education programs? -
1920s
The progression through and between the various phases of care which varies from child to
child, depending upon diagnosis and individual needs. These phases are called? -
Continuum of Care
What are three main goals that child life specialists strive to achieve? -
Minimize stress, promote coping, optimize growth an development
Who is the theorist of cognitive development? -
Piaget
Who is the theorist of psychosocial development? -
Erikson
Who is the theorist of sociocultural approach to cognitive learning? -
Vygotsky
What age group is most likely to experience loss of privacy & independence issues during
hospitalization. -
Adolescence
What age group to whom security, trust, bonding, & predictability are most important. -
Infancy
An example of this behavior as a reaction to hospitalization is when a school-age child starts
thumb-sucking again. -
Regression
Most authorities agree that adverse reactions to hospitalization decline after children reach
what age group? -
School age
What group of children have a wild imagination and are spontaneous. They also have short
attention spans. -
Preschoolers (3-5 years)
List some activities/interventions to give to preschoolers (ages 3-5) -
1|Page
, Play-dough, coloring/painting, simple board games, cause an effect toys and games,
cars, action figures, dolls, allow them to engage in pretend play and decorate the room to
normalize the environment
What group of children enjoys peers and showing off skills? -
School Age (6-11 years)
List some activities/interventions to give to school age children (ages 6-11 years) -
Offer many choices (what game they would like to play) , board games, video
games, movies, card games, arts and crafts, puzzles, decorate their room, encourage them to
step out of their room and go to the playroom if medically cleared
List some activities/interventions to give to teens (ages 12-18) -
Arts and crafts, video games, board games, card games, word searches, sodoku,
crosswords, magazines, scrapbooking, laptop, decorate the room
What group of children are missing friends, hobbies and school and trying to find their
identity? -
Teens (12-18 years)
What are the single two most important areas to keep in mind surrounding the vulnerability to
stress, coping and adjustment to hospitalization? -
Age and development
What are some general fears that a hospitalized child may experience? -
Fear of separation, loss of control, fear of bodily mutilation etc.
What are some reactions that children have to hospitalization? -
Crying, clinging to parents, resisting care, destructive, minimal communication and
play
Name a few stressors/issues that could exist with hospitalized toddlers? And what solutions
can be provided to promote development in hospitalized toddlers? -
Fear of separation, loss of autonomy, restriction, disruption in routine, feelings of
unfamiliarity to their environment, stranger anxiety, loud noises and regression in skills
Solutions: Parental participation, provide familiar objects from home, establish routine with
medical staff, allow for self-expression and exploration through play, set limitations, etc.
What stressors/issues may exist for hospitalized preschoolers? And what solutions can be
implemented? -
Fear of separation, loss of control and independence, fear of mutilation,
misconceptions about medial treatment and healthcare team, fear of punishment, egocentric
thoughts and magical thinking
Solutions: Allow exploration and self-expression through play, promote parental
involvement, provide thorough preparations for medical procedures, allow manipulation of
medical equipment through medical play, offer choices, etc.
2|Page
