Des
carbon-based molecules :
organic compounds monomer
large biological molecules Macromolecules
⑧
:
- also called polymers (made from identical building blocks) polymer
building blocks monomers
⑧
- :
dehydration reactions
I
:
- remove water
-
links monomers mediated by
enzymes
hydrolysis
- add Water
-
break up polymers
sugars :
Monomers of carbohydrates
-
sugar-sugar-sugar-sugar - Starch
4 important to organisms
-
carbohydrates (sugar , starch)
- proteins (enzymes ,
muscles Carbohydrates :
-
lipids (fa + s) a hydrated carbon !
- nucleic acids (DNA ,
RNA)
carbohydrates
called monosaccharides "simple sugars "
monomers ,
monosaccharides form disaccharides , "complex sugar"
sugars : -
Ose // enzymes : -ase
9) Incose + frucrose =
sucrose
glucose-glucose- maltose
9) Incose + galactose =
lactose (milk)
biological functions :
-
energy
-
sugars are #1 source of ready energy
~
polysaccharides are used to store sugar when it isn't needed
-
plants make starch
- animals make glycogen
~ structure
~ cellulose (lots of glucose) for cell walls , wood ,
etc .
proteins
made from amino dcids
~
only 20 amino dcids !
~ carboxylic acid & amino group
~ dehydration reaction
~ find C = 0 , then C-N is peptide bond
cells have instructions to build proteins
shape of protein determines its function
denaturation -
chain unravels , loses shape + loses function
carbon-based molecules :
organic compounds monomer
large biological molecules Macromolecules
⑧
:
- also called polymers (made from identical building blocks) polymer
building blocks monomers
⑧
- :
dehydration reactions
I
:
- remove water
-
links monomers mediated by
enzymes
hydrolysis
- add Water
-
break up polymers
sugars :
Monomers of carbohydrates
-
sugar-sugar-sugar-sugar - Starch
4 important to organisms
-
carbohydrates (sugar , starch)
- proteins (enzymes ,
muscles Carbohydrates :
-
lipids (fa + s) a hydrated carbon !
- nucleic acids (DNA ,
RNA)
carbohydrates
called monosaccharides "simple sugars "
monomers ,
monosaccharides form disaccharides , "complex sugar"
sugars : -
Ose // enzymes : -ase
9) Incose + frucrose =
sucrose
glucose-glucose- maltose
9) Incose + galactose =
lactose (milk)
biological functions :
-
energy
-
sugars are #1 source of ready energy
~
polysaccharides are used to store sugar when it isn't needed
-
plants make starch
- animals make glycogen
~ structure
~ cellulose (lots of glucose) for cell walls , wood ,
etc .
proteins
made from amino dcids
~
only 20 amino dcids !
~ carboxylic acid & amino group
~ dehydration reaction
~ find C = 0 , then C-N is peptide bond
cells have instructions to build proteins
shape of protein determines its function
denaturation -
chain unravels , loses shape + loses function
