NR 507 FINAL.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NR%20507%20FINAL
NR 507 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1. body's process for adapting to high hormone level
Answer To adapt to high levels ofhormones, some cells have the capacity to decrease
the number of receptors for that hormone through the process of down-regulation.
2. Cushing's Syndrome
Answer excessive ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) produc-tion most
commonly caused by an adrenal adenoma or a non-pituitary adenoma as is often
seen with lung cancer. Clinical signs and symptoms
weight gain and hyperpigmentation of skin.
3. Lab results that point to PRIMARY hypothyroidism
Answer Low levels of thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) and high levels of thyroid-
stimulating hormone (TSH), mostcommonly caused by autoimmune thyroiditis.
4. Common causes of hypoparathyroidism
Answer parathyroid gland injury or removal
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,NR 507 FINAL.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NR%20507%20FINAL
5. pathophysiology of thyroid storm
Answer High levels of thyroid hormone in conjunc-tion with high levels of stress
hormones lead to fever, tachycardia, and eventuallyhigh-output heart failure if the
condition is not treated.
6. signs of thyrotoxicosis
Answer Weight loss and enlarged thyroid gland are commonsigns of
hyperthyroidism in thyrotoxicosis.
7. diet and the prevention of prostate cancer
Answer some evidence suggests a low fatdiet, low dairy intake and increased fruit and
veggie intake prevents prostate cancer
8. Impact of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH) on the urinary system
Answer -enlarged prostate can block urine flow through the urethra. Can cause
urinaryretention, which can lead to UTI, kidney infections.
9. Dermatomes
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,NR 507 FINAL.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NR%20507%20FINAL
Answer an area of skin in which sensory nerves derive from a single spinalnerve root.
Each spinal nerve and their many processes are distributed to a specific area of the
body. Specific areas of cutaneous (skin) innervation at these spinal cord segmentsare
called dermatomes. The dermatomes of various spinal nerves are distributed in a
fairly regular pattern, although adjacent regions between dermatomes can be
innervated by more than one spinal nerve.
10. substance release at the synapse
Answer neurons form points of contact with oth-er neurons through synapse.
Impulses transmitted through electric and chemicalconduction. Vesicles containing
neurotransmitters release their contents into the synaptic cleft and
neurotransmitters diffuse across the cleft and bind to specific receptors on
postsynaptic neuron and trigger an action potential.
Common neurotransmitters include norepinephrine, acetylcholine, dopamine, hist-
amine, serotonin, glycine, endorphins.
11. Spondylolysis
Answer Structural defect (degeneration, fracture, or developmental de- fect) in the
pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch (the joining of the vertebral body to the
3 of 76 12/16/2024, 5:29
,NR 507 FINAL.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NR%20507%20FINAL
posterior structures). Most affected at L5 of lumbar spine. Mechanical pressure often
causes anterior displacement of the deficient vertebra (spondylolisthesis).
4 of 76 12/16/2024, 5:29
NR 507 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1. body's process for adapting to high hormone level
Answer To adapt to high levels ofhormones, some cells have the capacity to decrease
the number of receptors for that hormone through the process of down-regulation.
2. Cushing's Syndrome
Answer excessive ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) produc-tion most
commonly caused by an adrenal adenoma or a non-pituitary adenoma as is often
seen with lung cancer. Clinical signs and symptoms
weight gain and hyperpigmentation of skin.
3. Lab results that point to PRIMARY hypothyroidism
Answer Low levels of thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) and high levels of thyroid-
stimulating hormone (TSH), mostcommonly caused by autoimmune thyroiditis.
4. Common causes of hypoparathyroidism
Answer parathyroid gland injury or removal
1 of 76 12/16/2024, 5:29
,NR 507 FINAL.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NR%20507%20FINAL
5. pathophysiology of thyroid storm
Answer High levels of thyroid hormone in conjunc-tion with high levels of stress
hormones lead to fever, tachycardia, and eventuallyhigh-output heart failure if the
condition is not treated.
6. signs of thyrotoxicosis
Answer Weight loss and enlarged thyroid gland are commonsigns of
hyperthyroidism in thyrotoxicosis.
7. diet and the prevention of prostate cancer
Answer some evidence suggests a low fatdiet, low dairy intake and increased fruit and
veggie intake prevents prostate cancer
8. Impact of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH) on the urinary system
Answer -enlarged prostate can block urine flow through the urethra. Can cause
urinaryretention, which can lead to UTI, kidney infections.
9. Dermatomes
2 of 76 12/16/2024, 5:29
,NR 507 FINAL.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NR%20507%20FINAL
Answer an area of skin in which sensory nerves derive from a single spinalnerve root.
Each spinal nerve and their many processes are distributed to a specific area of the
body. Specific areas of cutaneous (skin) innervation at these spinal cord segmentsare
called dermatomes. The dermatomes of various spinal nerves are distributed in a
fairly regular pattern, although adjacent regions between dermatomes can be
innervated by more than one spinal nerve.
10. substance release at the synapse
Answer neurons form points of contact with oth-er neurons through synapse.
Impulses transmitted through electric and chemicalconduction. Vesicles containing
neurotransmitters release their contents into the synaptic cleft and
neurotransmitters diffuse across the cleft and bind to specific receptors on
postsynaptic neuron and trigger an action potential.
Common neurotransmitters include norepinephrine, acetylcholine, dopamine, hist-
amine, serotonin, glycine, endorphins.
11. Spondylolysis
Answer Structural defect (degeneration, fracture, or developmental de- fect) in the
pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch (the joining of the vertebral body to the
3 of 76 12/16/2024, 5:29
,NR 507 FINAL.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/New%20folder/NR%20507%20FINAL
posterior structures). Most affected at L5 of lumbar spine. Mechanical pressure often
causes anterior displacement of the deficient vertebra (spondylolisthesis).
4 of 76 12/16/2024, 5:29
