Question 1 (Multiple Choice)
A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further
teaching?
A. "I should inspect my feet daily for any cuts or blisters."
B. "I can skip a meal if my blood sugar is low."
C. "I need to monitor my blood sugar levels regularly."
D. "I should include carbohydrates in my meals."
Answer: B
Rationale: Skipping meals is not recommended for clients with
diabetes, even if blood sugar is low. Instead, they should consume a
fast-acting carbohydrate to stabilize blood glucose levels.
Question 2 (Scenario-Based)
A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who reports
difficulty sleeping. Which medication should the nurse suspect as the
cause?
A. Furosemide
B. Metoprolol
C. Prednisone
D. Acetaminophen
Answer: C
Rationale: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause insomnia as a side
effect. The other medications are less likely to disrupt sleep patterns.
Question 3 (Select All That Apply)
,A nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary management for a client
with chronic kidney disease. Which foods should the client limit?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Bananas
B. White bread
C. Spinach
D. Chicken breast
E. Potatoes
Answers: A, C, E
Rationale: Bananas, spinach, and potatoes are high in potassium, which
should be limited in clients with chronic kidney disease to prevent
hyperkalemia. White bread and chicken breast are low in potassium and
generally safe.
Question 4 (True/False)
It is appropriate to administer intravenous potassium chloride as an IV
push in a client with severe hypokalemia.
Answer: False
Rationale: Potassium chloride should never be given as an IV push, as it
can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias. It must be diluted and administered
slowly via IV infusion.
Question 5 (Priority Setting)
A nurse is caring for multiple clients. Which client should the nurse see
first?
A. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reporting
shortness of breath.
, B. A client with diabetes mellitus who has a blood glucose of 110
mg/dL.
C. A client post-laparoscopic appendectomy requesting pain
medication.
D. A client with a newly placed cast reporting severe pain and
numbness in the extremity.
Answer: D
Rationale: Severe pain and numbness in a casted extremity may
indicate compartment syndrome, a medical emergency that requires
immediate intervention.
Question 6 (Fill in the Blank)
The therapeutic range for digoxin is _____ ng/mL.
Answer: 0.5–2.0 ng/mL
Rationale: Maintaining digoxin levels within this range is crucial to avoid
toxicity or subtherapeutic effects.
Question 7 (Case Study-Based Multiple Choice)
A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which finding
indicates the medication is effective?
A. Weight increase of 2 kg in 24 hours.
B. Crackles in bilateral lung bases.
C. Increased urinary output.
D. Peripheral edema of +3.
Answer: C
Rationale: Increased urinary output indicates the diuretic is effectively
A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further
teaching?
A. "I should inspect my feet daily for any cuts or blisters."
B. "I can skip a meal if my blood sugar is low."
C. "I need to monitor my blood sugar levels regularly."
D. "I should include carbohydrates in my meals."
Answer: B
Rationale: Skipping meals is not recommended for clients with
diabetes, even if blood sugar is low. Instead, they should consume a
fast-acting carbohydrate to stabilize blood glucose levels.
Question 2 (Scenario-Based)
A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who reports
difficulty sleeping. Which medication should the nurse suspect as the
cause?
A. Furosemide
B. Metoprolol
C. Prednisone
D. Acetaminophen
Answer: C
Rationale: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause insomnia as a side
effect. The other medications are less likely to disrupt sleep patterns.
Question 3 (Select All That Apply)
,A nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary management for a client
with chronic kidney disease. Which foods should the client limit?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Bananas
B. White bread
C. Spinach
D. Chicken breast
E. Potatoes
Answers: A, C, E
Rationale: Bananas, spinach, and potatoes are high in potassium, which
should be limited in clients with chronic kidney disease to prevent
hyperkalemia. White bread and chicken breast are low in potassium and
generally safe.
Question 4 (True/False)
It is appropriate to administer intravenous potassium chloride as an IV
push in a client with severe hypokalemia.
Answer: False
Rationale: Potassium chloride should never be given as an IV push, as it
can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias. It must be diluted and administered
slowly via IV infusion.
Question 5 (Priority Setting)
A nurse is caring for multiple clients. Which client should the nurse see
first?
A. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reporting
shortness of breath.
, B. A client with diabetes mellitus who has a blood glucose of 110
mg/dL.
C. A client post-laparoscopic appendectomy requesting pain
medication.
D. A client with a newly placed cast reporting severe pain and
numbness in the extremity.
Answer: D
Rationale: Severe pain and numbness in a casted extremity may
indicate compartment syndrome, a medical emergency that requires
immediate intervention.
Question 6 (Fill in the Blank)
The therapeutic range for digoxin is _____ ng/mL.
Answer: 0.5–2.0 ng/mL
Rationale: Maintaining digoxin levels within this range is crucial to avoid
toxicity or subtherapeutic effects.
Question 7 (Case Study-Based Multiple Choice)
A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which finding
indicates the medication is effective?
A. Weight increase of 2 kg in 24 hours.
B. Crackles in bilateral lung bases.
C. Increased urinary output.
D. Peripheral edema of +3.
Answer: C
Rationale: Increased urinary output indicates the diuretic is effectively
