ACSM PERSONAL TRAINER 2025 EXAM STUDY GUIDE SOLVED 100%
CORRECT. LATEST UPDATE.
BIOMECHANICS -CORRECT- principles of physics related to energy and force as they apply to the human
body
PROXIMAL -CORRECT- CLOSER TO THE TRUNK
DISTAL -CORRECT- further from the trunk
SUPERIOR (CRANIAL) -CORRECT- above, toward the head
INFERIOR (CAUDAL) -CORRECT- lower than, toward the feet
ANTERIOR (VENTRAL) -CORRECT- toward the front
POSTERIOR (DORSAL) -CORRECT- toward the back
MEDIAL -CORRECT- closer to the midline
LATERAL -CORRECT- further from the midline
THREE CARDINAL BODY PLANES -CORRECT- sagittal plane, frontal plane, transverse plane
SAGITTAL PLANE -CORRECT- makes a division into right and left portions
FRONTAL PLANE -CORRECT- makes a division into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
TRANSVERSE PLANE -CORRECT- makes a division into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions
ROTATION -CORRECT- movement around a longitudinal axis, either toward or away from the midline
CIRCUMDUCTION -CORRECT- a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction
EVERSION -CORRECT- turning the sole of the foot away from the midline
INVERSION -CORRECT- turning the sole of the foot toward the midline
Bones of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum... -CORRECT- AXIAL SKELETON
VERTEBRAL COLUMN (SPINE) -CORRECT- serves as the main axial support for the body
4 Major curvatures of the adult vertebral column -CORRECT- cervical curve, thoracic curve, lumbar
curve,
sacral curve
KYPHOSIS "primary curves" -CORRECT- curves of the thoracic and sacral regions
LORDOSIS "secondary curves" -CORRECT- curves of the cervical and lumbar region
, Commonly found abnormal curves in the sagittal plane -CORRECT- hyperkyphosis and hyperlordosis
HYPERKYPHOSIS -CORRECT- exaggerated posterior thoracic curvature
HYPERLORDOSIS -CORRECT- exaggerated anterior lumbar curvature
Commonly found abnormal curve in the frontal plane -CORRECT- scoliosis
STERNUM -CORRECT- midline of the chest
What are the 3 parts of the sternum? -CORRECT- manubrium, body, xiphoid process
RF for family history -CORRECT- myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization or sudden death to a
1st degree family member when >55 male, >65 female
RF for cigarette smoking -CORRECT- within 6 months
Risk factor for Dyslipidemia LDL -CORRECT- Lgreater than 130 mg/dL
RF Dyslipidemia Total Cholesterol -CORRECT- greater than 200 mg/dL
RF Dyslipidemia low HDL -CORRECT- less than 40 mg/dL
RF Sedentary minutes of activity, days of week, past # of months -CORRECT- less than 30 min/day, 3
days/week, for at least 3 months
RF Prediabetes fasting blood glucose -CORRECT- greater than or equal to 100 mg/dL up to 126
greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL -CORRECT- Fasting Blood Glucose for Diabetes diagnosis
RF for Obesity -CORRECT- body mass of greater then or equal to 30kg/m2; waist girthgreater than 102
cm for men and 88 cm for women
RF Age men, women -CORRECT- 45 men, 55 women
Negative Risk Factor -CORRECT- HDL greater than 60 mg/dL
RF for hypertensive -CORRECT- systolic greater than or equal to 140; diastolic greater then or equal to
90; confirmed by 2 separate occasions or on hypertension meds
obesity -CORRECT- excessivly high amounts of body fat or adipose tissue in relation to lean body mass
overweight -CORRECT- increased body weight, in relation to height when compared to some standard
of acceptable or desirable weight
percent fat -CORRECT- the total amount of weight that is measured as fat tissue
body mass index BMI -CORRECT- the height to weight ratio can be misleading because it does not
consider body type
lean body mass -CORRECT- not fat tissue: muscle, bone, skin etc
CORRECT. LATEST UPDATE.
BIOMECHANICS -CORRECT- principles of physics related to energy and force as they apply to the human
body
PROXIMAL -CORRECT- CLOSER TO THE TRUNK
DISTAL -CORRECT- further from the trunk
SUPERIOR (CRANIAL) -CORRECT- above, toward the head
INFERIOR (CAUDAL) -CORRECT- lower than, toward the feet
ANTERIOR (VENTRAL) -CORRECT- toward the front
POSTERIOR (DORSAL) -CORRECT- toward the back
MEDIAL -CORRECT- closer to the midline
LATERAL -CORRECT- further from the midline
THREE CARDINAL BODY PLANES -CORRECT- sagittal plane, frontal plane, transverse plane
SAGITTAL PLANE -CORRECT- makes a division into right and left portions
FRONTAL PLANE -CORRECT- makes a division into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
TRANSVERSE PLANE -CORRECT- makes a division into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions
ROTATION -CORRECT- movement around a longitudinal axis, either toward or away from the midline
CIRCUMDUCTION -CORRECT- a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction
EVERSION -CORRECT- turning the sole of the foot away from the midline
INVERSION -CORRECT- turning the sole of the foot toward the midline
Bones of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum... -CORRECT- AXIAL SKELETON
VERTEBRAL COLUMN (SPINE) -CORRECT- serves as the main axial support for the body
4 Major curvatures of the adult vertebral column -CORRECT- cervical curve, thoracic curve, lumbar
curve,
sacral curve
KYPHOSIS "primary curves" -CORRECT- curves of the thoracic and sacral regions
LORDOSIS "secondary curves" -CORRECT- curves of the cervical and lumbar region
, Commonly found abnormal curves in the sagittal plane -CORRECT- hyperkyphosis and hyperlordosis
HYPERKYPHOSIS -CORRECT- exaggerated posterior thoracic curvature
HYPERLORDOSIS -CORRECT- exaggerated anterior lumbar curvature
Commonly found abnormal curve in the frontal plane -CORRECT- scoliosis
STERNUM -CORRECT- midline of the chest
What are the 3 parts of the sternum? -CORRECT- manubrium, body, xiphoid process
RF for family history -CORRECT- myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization or sudden death to a
1st degree family member when >55 male, >65 female
RF for cigarette smoking -CORRECT- within 6 months
Risk factor for Dyslipidemia LDL -CORRECT- Lgreater than 130 mg/dL
RF Dyslipidemia Total Cholesterol -CORRECT- greater than 200 mg/dL
RF Dyslipidemia low HDL -CORRECT- less than 40 mg/dL
RF Sedentary minutes of activity, days of week, past # of months -CORRECT- less than 30 min/day, 3
days/week, for at least 3 months
RF Prediabetes fasting blood glucose -CORRECT- greater than or equal to 100 mg/dL up to 126
greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL -CORRECT- Fasting Blood Glucose for Diabetes diagnosis
RF for Obesity -CORRECT- body mass of greater then or equal to 30kg/m2; waist girthgreater than 102
cm for men and 88 cm for women
RF Age men, women -CORRECT- 45 men, 55 women
Negative Risk Factor -CORRECT- HDL greater than 60 mg/dL
RF for hypertensive -CORRECT- systolic greater than or equal to 140; diastolic greater then or equal to
90; confirmed by 2 separate occasions or on hypertension meds
obesity -CORRECT- excessivly high amounts of body fat or adipose tissue in relation to lean body mass
overweight -CORRECT- increased body weight, in relation to height when compared to some standard
of acceptable or desirable weight
percent fat -CORRECT- the total amount of weight that is measured as fat tissue
body mass index BMI -CORRECT- the height to weight ratio can be misleading because it does not
consider body type
lean body mass -CORRECT- not fat tissue: muscle, bone, skin etc
