NUR 2755 Multidimensional Care IV MDC 4 Rasmussen Exam 14 2025/26

NUR 2755 Multidimensional Care IV MDC 4 Rasmussen Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!




Exam 14 2025/26 Il! Il! Il!



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respiratory alkalosis - high pH, low CO2 Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!

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pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic HCO3:
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21-28 acidic-basic
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CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic Il! Il! Il!


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metabolic acidosis - low pH, low HCO3 Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!

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pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic HCO3:
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21-28 acidic-basic
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CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic Il! Il! Il!


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respiratory acidosis - low pH, high CO2 Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!

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pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic HCO3:
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21-28 acidic-basic
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CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic Il! Il! Il!


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metabolic alkalosis - high pH, high HCO3 Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!

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pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic HCO3:
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21-28 acidic-basic
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CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic Il! Il! Il!


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▪ change in condition make take priority over ABCs (ex: post op bleeding is priority over an O2
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Sat% of 90%) Il! Il!




▪ pick the patient that is going to die first - Priority questions...something to consider
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CPR, press the code button - You walk into your patient's room and they *don't have a pulse*,
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what are you going to do?
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bag resuscitation, press the code button - You walk into your patient's room and they are *not
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breathing but have a pulse*, what are you going to do?
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▪ unconscious, pulseless
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▪ shock them with the AED! - If you walk into a room with a patient that is in *ventricular
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fibrillation (v fib)*
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▪ How will they present?
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▪ What must we do to get them out of that state?
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▪ make them bear down (valsalva maneuver)
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▪ make them cough (vagal maneuver) - If you walk into a room and a patient is alert and oriented,
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speaking to you, has a pulse, but their cardiac monitor shows they are in *ventricular tachycardia*
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▪ What are you going to do?
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Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) - Which cardiac rhythm requires the patient to take Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!


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*adenosine*?
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▪ they may end up with a *blood clot* because the blood is pooling in the atria - What is our
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priority concern for a patient in *atrial fibrillation (a-fib)*?
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*control RVR for patient:* Il! Il! Il!




▪ give anticoagulants
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▪ beta blockers, digoxin, diltiazem
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▪ if meds don't work...cardioversion (synchronized shock to re-start the rhythm)
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▪ if cardioversion doesn't work...ablation - Nursing Interventions: *A-fib RVR*
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▪ chest pain
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▪ SOB Il! Il!




▪ diaphoresis ▪
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N/V ▪
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hypertension
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▪ tachycardia
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▪ jaw pain, anxiety, indigestion (women)
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▪ elevated troponin levels
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▪ EKG changes - ST elevation - If you have a patient who comes into the ED and they are having
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an MI, what are the signs/symptoms? lab values to confirm this?
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*Oxygen* - 1st Il! Il! Il!




*Nitro* - given sublingual, 3 doses q 5 min (home), drip (hospital), drops BP (vasodilator)
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*Aspirin* - antiplatelet, stops clotting, 325 mg, chew it Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!




*Morphine* - calms the patient down, helps pain - Treatment: *Myocardial Infarction* Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!


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▪ CPK
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▪ troponin
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▪ CK-MB Il!




▪ BNP - Name the cardiac enzymes
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angioplasty stent Il!




the artery
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angiogram
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remove clots
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cardiac catheterization - Procedures: *Myocardial Infarction (MI)*
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CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft) - Procedure: Patient has an MI and extreme plaque build
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up
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pericarditis - inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!

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heart can't expand and contract properly (*cardiac tamponade*) - When you have pericarditis
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what are you at risk for?
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pleural friction rub - What sounds will you hear in a patient with pericarditis?
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pericardial effusion - accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!

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Pericardialcentesis - Surgical treatment: *Pericardial Effusion* Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!

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aneurysm - a localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery
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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) - Which is the most common aneurysm? Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il! Il!


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