KINE 433: Exam 3 questions with verified answers
maintain storage = 0 Ans✓✓ -what is the goal of heat balance?
80-90% Ans✓✓ -how much heat loss during exercise is by evaporation?
36-38 °C Ans✓✓ -what is the range of tolerable temperature change to maintain
heat balance?
41 °C Ans✓✓ -at what core temperature can heat stroke occur?
42 °C Ans✓✓ -at what core temperature can death occur?
thermoreceptors send feedback to hypothalamus which initiates a response Ans✓✓
-how is body temperature monitored?
skin, muscle, spine, brain Ans✓✓ -where are thermoreceptors found?
hypothalamus Ans✓✓ -where do thermoreceptors send feedback during heat
monitoring?
initiates response Ans✓✓ -what does the hypothalamus do once it receives the
feedback from thermoreceptors?
increased SNS activity Ans✓✓ -what is the response of the hypothalamus to
temperature change?
,increase SNS activity Ans✓✓ -what does the hypothalamus do if core temperature
rises?
acetylcholine
dilation & activates sweat glands Ans✓✓ -when core temperature rises, what do
sympathetic nerves release and what does it cause?
increased skin blood flow and sweat production Ans✓✓ -what increases heat loss
besides SNS activity?
SNS Ans✓✓ -what are the sweat glands activated by?
yes Ans✓✓ -does sweat have electrolytes?
yes Ans✓✓ -do sodium and chloride get reabsorbed in sweat ducts?
2 Ans✓✓ -how many stages does sweating occur in?
- increase in number of active sweat glands
- increase output per sweat gland Ans✓✓ -what are the stages of sweating?
extracellular water Ans✓✓ -where does fluid in sweat come from?
plasma and cells Ans✓✓ -when we sweat, what is extracellular water replaced by?
2% body weight Ans✓✓ -how much weight is lost to consider someone
dehydrated?
, 2x Ans✓✓ -plasma volume loss is how many times greater than body weight loss?
- skin & muscle compete for blood flow
- blood pressure must be protected Ans✓✓ -what are the fundamental problems of
CV adjustments to heat stress?
redistribution changes & increased CO; increased blood flow to skin for heat
dissipation & decreased muscle blood flow Ans✓✓ -what happens to cardiac
output when the body increases temperature during passive heating?
60% Ans✓✓ -how much cardiac output goes to the skin when the body increases
temperature during passive heating?
no Ans✓✓ -during passive heating, does VO2 increase as CO increases?
skin & muscle compete Ans✓✓ -during exercise in heat, what happens to blood
flow?
decreased stroke volume Ans✓✓ -during exercise in heat, what does decreased
venous return result in?
increases in attempt to maintain cardiac output Ans✓✓ -what happens to heart rate
during exercise in heat?
falls at time of highest demand Ans✓✓ -during exercise in heat, when does
cardiac output fall?
maintain storage = 0 Ans✓✓ -what is the goal of heat balance?
80-90% Ans✓✓ -how much heat loss during exercise is by evaporation?
36-38 °C Ans✓✓ -what is the range of tolerable temperature change to maintain
heat balance?
41 °C Ans✓✓ -at what core temperature can heat stroke occur?
42 °C Ans✓✓ -at what core temperature can death occur?
thermoreceptors send feedback to hypothalamus which initiates a response Ans✓✓
-how is body temperature monitored?
skin, muscle, spine, brain Ans✓✓ -where are thermoreceptors found?
hypothalamus Ans✓✓ -where do thermoreceptors send feedback during heat
monitoring?
initiates response Ans✓✓ -what does the hypothalamus do once it receives the
feedback from thermoreceptors?
increased SNS activity Ans✓✓ -what is the response of the hypothalamus to
temperature change?
,increase SNS activity Ans✓✓ -what does the hypothalamus do if core temperature
rises?
acetylcholine
dilation & activates sweat glands Ans✓✓ -when core temperature rises, what do
sympathetic nerves release and what does it cause?
increased skin blood flow and sweat production Ans✓✓ -what increases heat loss
besides SNS activity?
SNS Ans✓✓ -what are the sweat glands activated by?
yes Ans✓✓ -does sweat have electrolytes?
yes Ans✓✓ -do sodium and chloride get reabsorbed in sweat ducts?
2 Ans✓✓ -how many stages does sweating occur in?
- increase in number of active sweat glands
- increase output per sweat gland Ans✓✓ -what are the stages of sweating?
extracellular water Ans✓✓ -where does fluid in sweat come from?
plasma and cells Ans✓✓ -when we sweat, what is extracellular water replaced by?
2% body weight Ans✓✓ -how much weight is lost to consider someone
dehydrated?
, 2x Ans✓✓ -plasma volume loss is how many times greater than body weight loss?
- skin & muscle compete for blood flow
- blood pressure must be protected Ans✓✓ -what are the fundamental problems of
CV adjustments to heat stress?
redistribution changes & increased CO; increased blood flow to skin for heat
dissipation & decreased muscle blood flow Ans✓✓ -what happens to cardiac
output when the body increases temperature during passive heating?
60% Ans✓✓ -how much cardiac output goes to the skin when the body increases
temperature during passive heating?
no Ans✓✓ -during passive heating, does VO2 increase as CO increases?
skin & muscle compete Ans✓✓ -during exercise in heat, what happens to blood
flow?
decreased stroke volume Ans✓✓ -during exercise in heat, what does decreased
venous return result in?
increases in attempt to maintain cardiac output Ans✓✓ -what happens to heart rate
during exercise in heat?
falls at time of highest demand Ans✓✓ -during exercise in heat, when does
cardiac output fall?
