BIOD 171 Module 1 Exam Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update 2025 (Already Passed)
Microbe - Answers an organism or virus too small to be seen without a microscope
Pathogen - Answers a disease causing microbe
Cell - Answers A small membrane enclosed unit of life built with macromolecules that retains each
characteristic of life
Characteristics of life - Answers Responsiveness, growth, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, and
organization
cell nucleus - Answers Membrane enclose region within a cell that contains the genetic material
prokaryotic cells - Answers _____ cells LACK a nucleus; comprised of bacteria & archaea
eukaryotic cells - Answers _____ cells have a defined nuclear region; comprised of eukarya
Bacteria - Answers Referred to as "Eubacteria"
Coccus - Answers round spherical-shaped bacteria
Baccilus - Answers Rod shaped bacteria
Vibrio - Answers curved rod shaped bacteria
Spirillum - Answers spiral/corkscrew shaped bacteria
Archea - Answers prokaryotic, live in extreme environments; aka extremophiles
Eukaryotic microorganisms - Answers Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, & Porista
Animalia - Answers Multicellular eukaryotic organisms in animals & humans; motile & don't have a
regular shape
Heterotrophic - Answers Organisms incapable of producing their own energy & absorbs their nutrients
from the environment
Motility - Answers ability to move
Plantae - Answers Multicellular eukaryotes; gets their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis
Photosynthesis - Answers Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy (sugars)
Fungi - Answers Can be either multicellular or unicellular; heterotrophic; presence of chitin is a defining
characteristic
examples of multicellular fungi - Answers molds and mushrooms
, Example of unicellular fungi - Answers yeast
Protista - Answers unicellular eukaryotes that do not fit those criteria for being considered animal, plant,
or fungi
Examples of Protista - Answers amoeba, algae, molds
Viruses - Answers Neither prokaryotic or eukaryotic; non-living; contain capsid, genetic material, and
viral envelope; must replicate within a host
viral envelope - Answers Membrane that surrounds capsid and help to infect host
Capsid - Answers Protein coat enclosing genome with differing structures
T/F: All microbes are pathogens - Answers False
Divisions of Microbiology - Answers 1) basic research
2) process centered
3) applied microbiology
Cell Responsiveness - Answers React to changing stimuli in environement by altering behavior
cell metabolism - Answers Ability to take in or produce nutrients for survival
Cell Homeostasis - Answers Ability to maintain a constant internal environment no matter the external
environment
cell organization - Answers All cells take atoms and make molecules which make macromolecules used
to maintain structures and functions
Macromolecules - Answers carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Central Dogma of Biology - Answers DNA-transcription-RNA-translation-protein
T/F: Genome dictates cell structure, function, and behavior - Answers True
Which is bigger? A prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell - Answers eukaryotic cell
Where does a prokaryotic cell store it's DNA - Answers Circular plasmids (cytoplasm)
Prokaryotic cell wall - Answers semi-rigid peptidoglycan layer that gives shape, attachment for flagella
and prevents rupture
Glycocalyx - Answers gel-like sugar protein coating that can protect against immune attack
Flagella - Answers Give bacteria ability for locomotion; long whiplike extensions
Microbe - Answers an organism or virus too small to be seen without a microscope
Pathogen - Answers a disease causing microbe
Cell - Answers A small membrane enclosed unit of life built with macromolecules that retains each
characteristic of life
Characteristics of life - Answers Responsiveness, growth, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, and
organization
cell nucleus - Answers Membrane enclose region within a cell that contains the genetic material
prokaryotic cells - Answers _____ cells LACK a nucleus; comprised of bacteria & archaea
eukaryotic cells - Answers _____ cells have a defined nuclear region; comprised of eukarya
Bacteria - Answers Referred to as "Eubacteria"
Coccus - Answers round spherical-shaped bacteria
Baccilus - Answers Rod shaped bacteria
Vibrio - Answers curved rod shaped bacteria
Spirillum - Answers spiral/corkscrew shaped bacteria
Archea - Answers prokaryotic, live in extreme environments; aka extremophiles
Eukaryotic microorganisms - Answers Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, & Porista
Animalia - Answers Multicellular eukaryotic organisms in animals & humans; motile & don't have a
regular shape
Heterotrophic - Answers Organisms incapable of producing their own energy & absorbs their nutrients
from the environment
Motility - Answers ability to move
Plantae - Answers Multicellular eukaryotes; gets their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis
Photosynthesis - Answers Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy (sugars)
Fungi - Answers Can be either multicellular or unicellular; heterotrophic; presence of chitin is a defining
characteristic
examples of multicellular fungi - Answers molds and mushrooms
, Example of unicellular fungi - Answers yeast
Protista - Answers unicellular eukaryotes that do not fit those criteria for being considered animal, plant,
or fungi
Examples of Protista - Answers amoeba, algae, molds
Viruses - Answers Neither prokaryotic or eukaryotic; non-living; contain capsid, genetic material, and
viral envelope; must replicate within a host
viral envelope - Answers Membrane that surrounds capsid and help to infect host
Capsid - Answers Protein coat enclosing genome with differing structures
T/F: All microbes are pathogens - Answers False
Divisions of Microbiology - Answers 1) basic research
2) process centered
3) applied microbiology
Cell Responsiveness - Answers React to changing stimuli in environement by altering behavior
cell metabolism - Answers Ability to take in or produce nutrients for survival
Cell Homeostasis - Answers Ability to maintain a constant internal environment no matter the external
environment
cell organization - Answers All cells take atoms and make molecules which make macromolecules used
to maintain structures and functions
Macromolecules - Answers carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Central Dogma of Biology - Answers DNA-transcription-RNA-translation-protein
T/F: Genome dictates cell structure, function, and behavior - Answers True
Which is bigger? A prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell - Answers eukaryotic cell
Where does a prokaryotic cell store it's DNA - Answers Circular plasmids (cytoplasm)
Prokaryotic cell wall - Answers semi-rigid peptidoglycan layer that gives shape, attachment for flagella
and prevents rupture
Glycocalyx - Answers gel-like sugar protein coating that can protect against immune attack
Flagella - Answers Give bacteria ability for locomotion; long whiplike extensions
