UNE Biochem - Midterm Exam UPDATED
Questions with CORRECT Answers
What is ubiquinol? - CORRECT ANSWER - fully reduced form of CoQ - has 2 electrons
and 2 protons. QH2
What is ubiquinone? - CORRECT ANSWER - Another name for Coenzyme Q10; fully
oxidized form
What is semiquinone? - CORRECT ANSWER - Q that contains 1 electron = free radical
Q-
What are the effects of inhibitors on the ETC? - CORRECT ANSWER - - block oxidation
of NADH
- decrease in ATP generation
- decrease in O2 consumption
What are the effects of uncouplers on the ETC? - CORRECT ANSWER - - disrupt the
mitochondrial membrane (physically/chemically)
- decrease in ATP generation
- increase in O2 consumption (uncontrolled breathing)
Name of Complex I - CORRECT ANSWER - NADH-Q oxidoreductase
Name of Complex II - CORRECT ANSWER - Succinate-Q reductase
Name of CoQ - CORRECT ANSWER - Ubiquinone
Name of Complex III - CORRECT ANSWER - Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase
, Name of Complex IV - CORRECT ANSWER - cytochrome c oxidase
Name of Complex V - CORRECT ANSWER - ATP synthase
Insulin is the major anabolic hormone that promotes the storage of nutrients: glucose storage as
glycogen in liver and muscle, conversion of glucose to triacylglycerols in liver and their storage
in adipose tissue, and amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in skeletal muscle - CORRECT
ANSWER -
Describe insulin - CORRECT ANSWER - --signals receptor tyrosine kinase
--elevated in fed state
--anabolic hormone
--acts to store away fuel stores
--facilitates movement of glucose into cells
--favors formation of glycogen
--increases protein synthesis
--increases synthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides
Describe glucagon - CORRECT ANSWER - -elevated in fasted state
-produces glucose via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
-catabolic hormone
-acts only on liver and adipose tissue (no fx on skeletal muscle)
-secretion is regulated by [glucose] and [insulin] levels = at low levels alpha cells in pancreas
secrete glucagon signaling glycogen breakdown in liver cells
Name all metabolic pathways activated by insulin - CORRECT ANSWER - Liver:
1. Glycolysis
2. TCA cycle
Questions with CORRECT Answers
What is ubiquinol? - CORRECT ANSWER - fully reduced form of CoQ - has 2 electrons
and 2 protons. QH2
What is ubiquinone? - CORRECT ANSWER - Another name for Coenzyme Q10; fully
oxidized form
What is semiquinone? - CORRECT ANSWER - Q that contains 1 electron = free radical
Q-
What are the effects of inhibitors on the ETC? - CORRECT ANSWER - - block oxidation
of NADH
- decrease in ATP generation
- decrease in O2 consumption
What are the effects of uncouplers on the ETC? - CORRECT ANSWER - - disrupt the
mitochondrial membrane (physically/chemically)
- decrease in ATP generation
- increase in O2 consumption (uncontrolled breathing)
Name of Complex I - CORRECT ANSWER - NADH-Q oxidoreductase
Name of Complex II - CORRECT ANSWER - Succinate-Q reductase
Name of CoQ - CORRECT ANSWER - Ubiquinone
Name of Complex III - CORRECT ANSWER - Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase
, Name of Complex IV - CORRECT ANSWER - cytochrome c oxidase
Name of Complex V - CORRECT ANSWER - ATP synthase
Insulin is the major anabolic hormone that promotes the storage of nutrients: glucose storage as
glycogen in liver and muscle, conversion of glucose to triacylglycerols in liver and their storage
in adipose tissue, and amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in skeletal muscle - CORRECT
ANSWER -
Describe insulin - CORRECT ANSWER - --signals receptor tyrosine kinase
--elevated in fed state
--anabolic hormone
--acts to store away fuel stores
--facilitates movement of glucose into cells
--favors formation of glycogen
--increases protein synthesis
--increases synthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides
Describe glucagon - CORRECT ANSWER - -elevated in fasted state
-produces glucose via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
-catabolic hormone
-acts only on liver and adipose tissue (no fx on skeletal muscle)
-secretion is regulated by [glucose] and [insulin] levels = at low levels alpha cells in pancreas
secrete glucagon signaling glycogen breakdown in liver cells
Name all metabolic pathways activated by insulin - CORRECT ANSWER - Liver:
1. Glycolysis
2. TCA cycle
