RN Targeted Medical Surgical: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base
Online Practice Test with Verified Answers
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydra- Mental status
tion. Which of the following assessments is the
priority? The greatest risk to this
client is injury from de-
a. Skin turgor clining mental status or a
b. Urine output fall from worsened dehy-
c. Weight dration. Therefore, assess-
d. Mental status ing the client's mental sta-
tus is the priority.
2. A nurse is assessing a client who is using PCA Provide calming interven-
following a thoracotomy. The client is short of tions
breath, appears restless, and has a respira-
tory rate of 28/min. The client's ABG results The client's respiratory
are pH 7.52, PoO2 89 mm hg, and HCO3- 24 rate is above the expected
mEq/L. Which of the following actions should range. Calming the client
the nurse take? should decrease the res-
piratory rate, which will
a. Instruct the client to cough forcefully. cause the client's carbon
b. Assist the client with ambulation. dioxide levels to increase.
c. Provide calming interventions. This will help correct the
d. Discontinue the PCA. pH imbalance.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a sodium 0.45% sodium chloride
level of 155 mEq/L. Which of the following IV
fluids should the nurse anticipate the provider A sodium level of 155
to prescribe? mEq/L is an indication of
hypernatremia. The nurse
a. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride should anticipate a pre-
b. Dextrose 5% in lactated Ringer's scription for a hypotonic
c. 3% sodium chloride solution. The 0.45% sodi-
d. 0.45% sodium chloride um chloride is a hypoton-
ic solution used to pro-
vide free water and treat
cellular dehydration, which
promotes waste elimina-
tion by the kidneys.Dex-
trose 5% in 0.9% sodi-
um chloride is a hyperton-
, RN Targeted Medical Surgical: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base
Online Practice Test with Verified Answers
ic solution. The 3% sodi-
um chloride is a hypertonic
solution. Lactated Ringer's
solution contains sodium
and other electrolytes and
is not indicated for hyper-
natremia.
4. A nurse is evaluating a client who is receiving Serum sodium 142 mEq/L
IV fluids to treat isotonic dehydration. Which of
the following laboratory findings indicates that Isotonic dehydration in-
the fluid therapy has been effective? cludes loss of water and
electrolytes due to a de-
a. BUN 26 mg/dL crease in oral intake of wa-
b. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L ter and salt. A serum sodi-
c. Hct 56% um level of 142 mEq/L is
d. Urine specific gravity 1.035 within the expected refer-
ence range and indicates
that the fluid therapy has
been effective.BUN is ele-
vated. HCT is elevated and
USG is elevated.
5. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client 1 large hard-boiled eggs
who has kidney disease. Which of the follow-
ing food choices should the nurse include in One large hard-boiled egg
the teaching as containing the lowest amount contains 5 mg of magne-
of magnesium? sium. Therefore, the nurse
should recommend this
a. 1 large hard-boiled egg food as containing the
b. 1 cup bran cereal lowest amount of mag-
c. 1/2 cup almond nesium.Cereal has 112
d.1 cup cooked spinach mg. Almonds 193 mg and
spinach 157 mg.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving Auscultate the client's
furosemide daily. During the morning assess- lungs
ment, the client tells the nurse that he is "feel-
ing weak in the legs." Which of the following Using the airway, breath-
Online Practice Test with Verified Answers
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydra- Mental status
tion. Which of the following assessments is the
priority? The greatest risk to this
client is injury from de-
a. Skin turgor clining mental status or a
b. Urine output fall from worsened dehy-
c. Weight dration. Therefore, assess-
d. Mental status ing the client's mental sta-
tus is the priority.
2. A nurse is assessing a client who is using PCA Provide calming interven-
following a thoracotomy. The client is short of tions
breath, appears restless, and has a respira-
tory rate of 28/min. The client's ABG results The client's respiratory
are pH 7.52, PoO2 89 mm hg, and HCO3- 24 rate is above the expected
mEq/L. Which of the following actions should range. Calming the client
the nurse take? should decrease the res-
piratory rate, which will
a. Instruct the client to cough forcefully. cause the client's carbon
b. Assist the client with ambulation. dioxide levels to increase.
c. Provide calming interventions. This will help correct the
d. Discontinue the PCA. pH imbalance.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a sodium 0.45% sodium chloride
level of 155 mEq/L. Which of the following IV
fluids should the nurse anticipate the provider A sodium level of 155
to prescribe? mEq/L is an indication of
hypernatremia. The nurse
a. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride should anticipate a pre-
b. Dextrose 5% in lactated Ringer's scription for a hypotonic
c. 3% sodium chloride solution. The 0.45% sodi-
d. 0.45% sodium chloride um chloride is a hypoton-
ic solution used to pro-
vide free water and treat
cellular dehydration, which
promotes waste elimina-
tion by the kidneys.Dex-
trose 5% in 0.9% sodi-
um chloride is a hyperton-
, RN Targeted Medical Surgical: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base
Online Practice Test with Verified Answers
ic solution. The 3% sodi-
um chloride is a hypertonic
solution. Lactated Ringer's
solution contains sodium
and other electrolytes and
is not indicated for hyper-
natremia.
4. A nurse is evaluating a client who is receiving Serum sodium 142 mEq/L
IV fluids to treat isotonic dehydration. Which of
the following laboratory findings indicates that Isotonic dehydration in-
the fluid therapy has been effective? cludes loss of water and
electrolytes due to a de-
a. BUN 26 mg/dL crease in oral intake of wa-
b. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L ter and salt. A serum sodi-
c. Hct 56% um level of 142 mEq/L is
d. Urine specific gravity 1.035 within the expected refer-
ence range and indicates
that the fluid therapy has
been effective.BUN is ele-
vated. HCT is elevated and
USG is elevated.
5. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client 1 large hard-boiled eggs
who has kidney disease. Which of the follow-
ing food choices should the nurse include in One large hard-boiled egg
the teaching as containing the lowest amount contains 5 mg of magne-
of magnesium? sium. Therefore, the nurse
should recommend this
a. 1 large hard-boiled egg food as containing the
b. 1 cup bran cereal lowest amount of mag-
c. 1/2 cup almond nesium.Cereal has 112
d.1 cup cooked spinach mg. Almonds 193 mg and
spinach 157 mg.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving Auscultate the client's
furosemide daily. During the morning assess- lungs
ment, the client tells the nurse that he is "feel-
ing weak in the legs." Which of the following Using the airway, breath-
