WGU D236 PATHO - MEGAN/SHAY’S
STUDY GUIDES EXAM WITH ALL
NEEDED TO PASS
What mis mthe mprimary mdeterminant mof moncotic mpressure? m- mcorrect
manswers-Albumin
Form mof mosmotic mpressure mexerted mby mproteins m- mcorrect manswers-Oncotic
mPressure
,What mis mthe mdifference mbetween madult mand mchild mimmunity? m- mcorrect
manswers-Naive mT mCells
Fluid mand melectrolyte mlevels mare mregulated mby m_________________, mwhich
mregulates mactions msuch mas mthirst, mADH, mthe mkidneys, mand mRAAS. m-
mcorrect manswers-Osmoreceptors
What mare mthe mcauses mof mdehydration? m- mcorrect manswers-#Excessive mloss
#Inadequate mintake
#Both
What ms/sx mare massociated mwith mdehydration? m- mcorrect manswers-#Dry
mmucous mmembranes
#Decreased mskin mturgor
#Decreased murine moutput
#Low mblood mpressure
#Tachycardia
#Weak mheart mrate
#Confusion
A mpatient mwith ma mviral millness mand msevere mvomiting mhas man melevated
mCO2 mlevel mand mpH mof m7.53. mShe mis mbreathing mslowly. mWhat mcondition
mdoes mshe mhave? m- mcorrect manswers-Metabolic malkalosis
The mpatient's mpH mand mCO2 mlevels mare mboth melevated m(moving min mthe
msame mdirection). mThis mindicates mmetabolic malkalosis. mThe mCO2 mlevel mis
mhigh mbecause mher mrespiratory msystem mis mattempting mto mcompensate mfor
mthe mhigh mpH mby mexhaling mless mand mretaining mmore mCO2.
Normal mCO2 mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-35-45
Normal mpH mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-7.35-7.45
Normal mHCO3 mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-22-26
Michael's mpulmonary medema mleads mto mrespiratory macidosis. mHow mdoes mpH
mimpact mMichael's mbasal mmetabolic mpanel? mChoose m3 manswers.
His mCO2 mlevel mis mincreased mbecause mhis mlungs mhave mdifficulty mremoving
mit mfrom mthe mbloodstream.
His mcalcium mlevel mis mreduced mbecause mthe melevated mconcentration mof mH+
mmakes mit measier mfor mCa+ mto mbind mto malbumin.
His mCO2 mlevel mis mdecreased mbecause mhis mlungs mhave mdifficulty madding mit
minto mthe mbloodstream.
,His msodium mlevel mis mdecreased mdue mto mhypervolemia.
His mK+ mis melevated mbecause, mas mH+ mmoves minside mof mcells min man
mattempt mto mget mit mout mof mthe mbloodstream, mK+ mmoves mfrom mcells minto
mthe mbloodstream. m- mcorrect manswers-His mCO2 mlevel mis mincreased mbecause
mhis mlungs mhave mdifficulty mremoving mit mfrom mthe mbloodstream.
His msodium mlevel mis mdecreased mdue mto mhypervolemia.
His mK+ mis melevated mbecause, mas mH+ mmoves minside mof mcells min man
mattempt mto mget mit mout mof mthe mbloodstream, mK+ mmoves mfrom mcells minto
mthe mbloodstream.
A mhormone mpanel mwas mdone mon ma mpatient mwith mcongestive mheart mfailure
mand mfluid mvolume moverload. mWhich melevated mhormone mon mthe mpatient's
mchart mis mindicative mof mthe mbody's mattempt mto mreduce mthe mfluid
moverload?
Antidiuretic mhormone m(ADH)
Brain mnatriuretic mpeptide m(BNP)
Aldosterone
Renin m- mcorrect manswers-BNP
BNP mis mreleased mwhen mfluid mvolume mexcess mis mpresent.
Normal msodium mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-135-145
Hyponatremia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx? m- mcorrect manswers-
Na m< m135
Loss mof menergy mor mfatigue
Nausea mand mvomiting
Headache
Confusion
Muscle mspasms
Low mblood mpressure
Dark mscanty murine
Irritability, mdisorientation mand mneurological mmanifestations
Seizures
Hypernatremia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx m- mcorrect manswers-
Na m> m145
, Excessive mthirst
Extreme mfatigue
Confusion
Muscle mtwitching mor mspasms
Restlessness
Seizures
Normal mpotassium mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-3.5-5.0
Hypokalemia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx m- mcorrect manswers-K
m< m3.5
#Muscle mfatigue/cramping
#Nausea, mvomiting, mconstipation
#Cardiac mdysrhythmias
#Paresthesia m(numbness/tingling)
Hyperkalemia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx? m- mcorrect manswers-
K m> m5.0
Muscle mweakness/paralysis
Paresthesia m(numbness/tingling)
Cardiac mdysrhythmias
Cardiac marrest/MI
Normal mcalcium mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-8.5-10.5
Hypocalcemia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx? m- mcorrect manswers-
Calcium m< m8.5
Overexcitability mof mthe mmuscles
Muscle mtwitching
Paresthesia m(numbness/tingling)
Chvostek mand mTrousseau msign m(twitching mon mthe mcheek mwhen mtouched)
Cardiac mdysrhythmias
Hypercalcemia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx? m- mcorrect
manswers-Calcium m> m10.5
Muscle mweakness
Loss mof mmuscle mtone
Spontaneous mfractures
Kidney mstones
Cardiac mdysrhythmias
STUDY GUIDES EXAM WITH ALL
NEEDED TO PASS
What mis mthe mprimary mdeterminant mof moncotic mpressure? m- mcorrect
manswers-Albumin
Form mof mosmotic mpressure mexerted mby mproteins m- mcorrect manswers-Oncotic
mPressure
,What mis mthe mdifference mbetween madult mand mchild mimmunity? m- mcorrect
manswers-Naive mT mCells
Fluid mand melectrolyte mlevels mare mregulated mby m_________________, mwhich
mregulates mactions msuch mas mthirst, mADH, mthe mkidneys, mand mRAAS. m-
mcorrect manswers-Osmoreceptors
What mare mthe mcauses mof mdehydration? m- mcorrect manswers-#Excessive mloss
#Inadequate mintake
#Both
What ms/sx mare massociated mwith mdehydration? m- mcorrect manswers-#Dry
mmucous mmembranes
#Decreased mskin mturgor
#Decreased murine moutput
#Low mblood mpressure
#Tachycardia
#Weak mheart mrate
#Confusion
A mpatient mwith ma mviral millness mand msevere mvomiting mhas man melevated
mCO2 mlevel mand mpH mof m7.53. mShe mis mbreathing mslowly. mWhat mcondition
mdoes mshe mhave? m- mcorrect manswers-Metabolic malkalosis
The mpatient's mpH mand mCO2 mlevels mare mboth melevated m(moving min mthe
msame mdirection). mThis mindicates mmetabolic malkalosis. mThe mCO2 mlevel mis
mhigh mbecause mher mrespiratory msystem mis mattempting mto mcompensate mfor
mthe mhigh mpH mby mexhaling mless mand mretaining mmore mCO2.
Normal mCO2 mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-35-45
Normal mpH mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-7.35-7.45
Normal mHCO3 mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-22-26
Michael's mpulmonary medema mleads mto mrespiratory macidosis. mHow mdoes mpH
mimpact mMichael's mbasal mmetabolic mpanel? mChoose m3 manswers.
His mCO2 mlevel mis mincreased mbecause mhis mlungs mhave mdifficulty mremoving
mit mfrom mthe mbloodstream.
His mcalcium mlevel mis mreduced mbecause mthe melevated mconcentration mof mH+
mmakes mit measier mfor mCa+ mto mbind mto malbumin.
His mCO2 mlevel mis mdecreased mbecause mhis mlungs mhave mdifficulty madding mit
minto mthe mbloodstream.
,His msodium mlevel mis mdecreased mdue mto mhypervolemia.
His mK+ mis melevated mbecause, mas mH+ mmoves minside mof mcells min man
mattempt mto mget mit mout mof mthe mbloodstream, mK+ mmoves mfrom mcells minto
mthe mbloodstream. m- mcorrect manswers-His mCO2 mlevel mis mincreased mbecause
mhis mlungs mhave mdifficulty mremoving mit mfrom mthe mbloodstream.
His msodium mlevel mis mdecreased mdue mto mhypervolemia.
His mK+ mis melevated mbecause, mas mH+ mmoves minside mof mcells min man
mattempt mto mget mit mout mof mthe mbloodstream, mK+ mmoves mfrom mcells minto
mthe mbloodstream.
A mhormone mpanel mwas mdone mon ma mpatient mwith mcongestive mheart mfailure
mand mfluid mvolume moverload. mWhich melevated mhormone mon mthe mpatient's
mchart mis mindicative mof mthe mbody's mattempt mto mreduce mthe mfluid
moverload?
Antidiuretic mhormone m(ADH)
Brain mnatriuretic mpeptide m(BNP)
Aldosterone
Renin m- mcorrect manswers-BNP
BNP mis mreleased mwhen mfluid mvolume mexcess mis mpresent.
Normal msodium mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-135-145
Hyponatremia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx? m- mcorrect manswers-
Na m< m135
Loss mof menergy mor mfatigue
Nausea mand mvomiting
Headache
Confusion
Muscle mspasms
Low mblood mpressure
Dark mscanty murine
Irritability, mdisorientation mand mneurological mmanifestations
Seizures
Hypernatremia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx m- mcorrect manswers-
Na m> m145
, Excessive mthirst
Extreme mfatigue
Confusion
Muscle mtwitching mor mspasms
Restlessness
Seizures
Normal mpotassium mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-3.5-5.0
Hypokalemia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx m- mcorrect manswers-K
m< m3.5
#Muscle mfatigue/cramping
#Nausea, mvomiting, mconstipation
#Cardiac mdysrhythmias
#Paresthesia m(numbness/tingling)
Hyperkalemia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx? m- mcorrect manswers-
K m> m5.0
Muscle mweakness/paralysis
Paresthesia m(numbness/tingling)
Cardiac mdysrhythmias
Cardiac marrest/MI
Normal mcalcium mlevel m- mcorrect manswers-8.5-10.5
Hypocalcemia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx? m- mcorrect manswers-
Calcium m< m8.5
Overexcitability mof mthe mmuscles
Muscle mtwitching
Paresthesia m(numbness/tingling)
Chvostek mand mTrousseau msign m(twitching mon mthe mcheek mwhen mtouched)
Cardiac mdysrhythmias
Hypercalcemia mis mindicated mby mwhat mlab mresult? mS/Sx? m- mcorrect
manswers-Calcium m> m10.5
Muscle mweakness
Loss mof mmuscle mtone
Spontaneous mfractures
Kidney mstones
Cardiac mdysrhythmias
