Biology A Final Exam Sect (1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2,
2.2.4, 3.1, 3.2), A+ QUESTION AND
ANSWERS GUARANTEED TEST
4 types of tissue -CORRECT ANSWERS-epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
activation energy -CORRECT ANSWERS-the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical
reaction
active site -CORRECT ANSWERS-A pocket or groove on the surface of the enzyme where a substrate can
bind
active transport -CORRECT ANSWERS-a broad term used to describe cellular transport which requires
energy (ATP)
adhesion -CORRECT ANSWERS-An attraction between molecules of different substances; water does this
to other things - like glass
ADP (adenosine diphosphate) -CORRECT ANSWERS-the molecule that is produced when ATP is split to
yield energy; composed of a sugar ribose, nitrogenous base adenine, and a chain of two phosphate
groups bonded to it.
aerobic -CORRECT ANSWERS-process that requires oxygen to occur
amino acid -CORRECT ANSWERS-molecule that makes up proteins; composed of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
anaerobic -CORRECT ANSWERS-process that does not require oxygen to occur
atom -CORRECT ANSWERS-Basic unit of matter
ATP -CORRECT ANSWERS-high-energy molecule that contains, within its bonds, the energy that cells can
use
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) -CORRECT ANSWERS-main energy source that cells use for most of their
work; composed of a sugar ribose, nitrogenous base adenine, and a chain of three phosphate groups
bonded to it.
carbohydrates -CORRECT ANSWERS-molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they
include sugars and starches
catalyst -CORRECT ANSWERS-substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering its
activation energy
cell -CORRECT ANSWERS-Basic unit of life
, cell membrane -CORRECT ANSWERS-A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
Cell Wall -CORRECT ANSWERS-A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides
protection, support, & shape to the cell
cellular respiration -CORRECT ANSWERS-process of producing ATP by breaking down carbon-based
molecules when oxygen is present
Centriole -CORRECT ANSWERS-Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only
chemical bond -CORRECT ANSWERS-the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together
chemical reaction -CORRECT ANSWERS-the process by which one or more substances change to produce
one or more different substances by either breaking and/or forming chemical bonds
chloroplast -CORRECT ANSWERS-organelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert
solar energy into chemical energy; contains chlorophyll
cholesterol -CORRECT ANSWERS-A lipid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes
and acts to provide membrane stability in extreme temperatures
circulatory system -CORRECT ANSWERS-Transports oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc...
around the body
cohesion -CORRECT ANSWERS-the sticking together of particles of the same substance; water does this
to itself
compounds -CORRECT ANSWERS-substances composed of two or more elements; they contain two or
more kinds of atoms
concentration gradient -CORRECT ANSWERS-A difference in the concentration of a substance across a
cell membrane
connective tissue -CORRECT ANSWERS-A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all
of its parts
conservation of energy -CORRECT ANSWERS-a principle stating that energy cannot be created or
destroyed, but can be altered from one form to another.
conservation of matter -CORRECT ANSWERS-the principle stating that matter is not created or destroyed
during a chemical reaction
covalent bond -CORRECT ANSWERS-A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons; occurs
between nonmetals.
Cytoplasm -CORRECT ANSWERS-A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
Cytoskeleton -CORRECT ANSWERS-A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep
its shape, and aids in movement
2.2.4, 3.1, 3.2), A+ QUESTION AND
ANSWERS GUARANTEED TEST
4 types of tissue -CORRECT ANSWERS-epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
activation energy -CORRECT ANSWERS-the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical
reaction
active site -CORRECT ANSWERS-A pocket or groove on the surface of the enzyme where a substrate can
bind
active transport -CORRECT ANSWERS-a broad term used to describe cellular transport which requires
energy (ATP)
adhesion -CORRECT ANSWERS-An attraction between molecules of different substances; water does this
to other things - like glass
ADP (adenosine diphosphate) -CORRECT ANSWERS-the molecule that is produced when ATP is split to
yield energy; composed of a sugar ribose, nitrogenous base adenine, and a chain of two phosphate
groups bonded to it.
aerobic -CORRECT ANSWERS-process that requires oxygen to occur
amino acid -CORRECT ANSWERS-molecule that makes up proteins; composed of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
anaerobic -CORRECT ANSWERS-process that does not require oxygen to occur
atom -CORRECT ANSWERS-Basic unit of matter
ATP -CORRECT ANSWERS-high-energy molecule that contains, within its bonds, the energy that cells can
use
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) -CORRECT ANSWERS-main energy source that cells use for most of their
work; composed of a sugar ribose, nitrogenous base adenine, and a chain of three phosphate groups
bonded to it.
carbohydrates -CORRECT ANSWERS-molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they
include sugars and starches
catalyst -CORRECT ANSWERS-substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering its
activation energy
cell -CORRECT ANSWERS-Basic unit of life
, cell membrane -CORRECT ANSWERS-A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
Cell Wall -CORRECT ANSWERS-A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides
protection, support, & shape to the cell
cellular respiration -CORRECT ANSWERS-process of producing ATP by breaking down carbon-based
molecules when oxygen is present
Centriole -CORRECT ANSWERS-Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only
chemical bond -CORRECT ANSWERS-the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together
chemical reaction -CORRECT ANSWERS-the process by which one or more substances change to produce
one or more different substances by either breaking and/or forming chemical bonds
chloroplast -CORRECT ANSWERS-organelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert
solar energy into chemical energy; contains chlorophyll
cholesterol -CORRECT ANSWERS-A lipid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes
and acts to provide membrane stability in extreme temperatures
circulatory system -CORRECT ANSWERS-Transports oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc...
around the body
cohesion -CORRECT ANSWERS-the sticking together of particles of the same substance; water does this
to itself
compounds -CORRECT ANSWERS-substances composed of two or more elements; they contain two or
more kinds of atoms
concentration gradient -CORRECT ANSWERS-A difference in the concentration of a substance across a
cell membrane
connective tissue -CORRECT ANSWERS-A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all
of its parts
conservation of energy -CORRECT ANSWERS-a principle stating that energy cannot be created or
destroyed, but can be altered from one form to another.
conservation of matter -CORRECT ANSWERS-the principle stating that matter is not created or destroyed
during a chemical reaction
covalent bond -CORRECT ANSWERS-A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons; occurs
between nonmetals.
Cytoplasm -CORRECT ANSWERS-A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
Cytoskeleton -CORRECT ANSWERS-A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep
its shape, and aids in movement
