CCRP Complete Study Guide/ 223 Q&A/ 2025.
LVH Treatment (Meds) - Answer: Beta Blocker, ACE Inhibitor, Diuretic, Ca+ Channel Blocker
LVH Influence on exercise test - Answer: False Positive
LVH is often associated with - Answer: HTN
Afib/Flutter treatment (Meds) - Answer: Digitalis/Digoxin, Amiodarone, Beta-Blocker
DM Special considerations - Answer: Avoiding injection of insulin into a working muscle,
exercising with a partner,avoiding exercise during peak insulin activity, carrying a CHO snack
with them during exercise, if blood glucose levels are low. The most caution should be taken
during both the early morning, and late evening when beginning a new exercise program for an
individual with diabetes.
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,Most common acute concern for pt taking meds that increase insulin secretions - Answer:
Hypoglycemia so blood glucose should be regularly monitored when beginning a program,
maintain foot care and try as best as possible to avoid injury to the foot or lower extremities
due to peripheral neuropathy which would avoid risk for amputation.
Negative effects of HTN - Answer: Increased afterload on the heart, myocardial oxygen demand
increases, which can eventually lead to myocardial ischemia/infarction, Systolic and diastolic
dysfunction, leading to heart failure, cardiomyopathies (hypertrophic, dilated, restrictive) and a
limited ejection fraction, Arterial damage
LVH - Answer: Enlargement and thickening of the vessel walls that develops in response to
hypertension because the heart is working harder to pump blood. LVH will happen chronically
over time as the heart adapts to the increased peripheral resistance that is being placed upon it.
Negative effects of weakened vessel walls from HTN - Answer: Can cause cerebral hemorrhaging
(that eventually leads to a stroke), aneurysms (stretching out and bulging of a vessel),
retinopathies, and renal failure.
Sustained weight loss of 3-5% is likely to result in clinically meaningful reductions in - Answer:
CVD risk factors (TG, blood glucose , HBA1C levels and risk of developing T2DM.
Dyslipdemia - Answer: An abnormal amount of lipids (cholesterol) in the blood, defined by
elevated levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL , or a low level of HDL
Typical systolic HF findings - Answer: Stretched and thinning heart chambers, as a result of
increased afterload (chronic pressure overload), impaired contractility that can cause : CAD,
chronic volume overload ( mitral/aortic regurgitation), and dilated cardiomyopathies.
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, Mitral regurgitation leading to HF - Answer: Mitral valve doesn't close properly, and blood leaks
back into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts. Over time, the left ventricle pumps
harder to move the extra blood that has returned to it from the left atrium. The ventricle
stretches and gets bigger to hold the larger volume of blood. Gradual weakening of the left
ventricle can cause heart failure.
Diastolic HF - Answer: inability of the ventricles to relax and fill properly during diastole
(typically rigid and thickened chambers)
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction occurs when - Answer: chronic medical conditions
damage the heart and the other organ systems of the body.
Medical conditions that can contribute to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
(diastolic dysfunction): - Answer: Obesity
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Diabetes mellitus
CAD
Atrial fibrillation
Renal disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Obstructive sleep apnea
Anemia
The symptoms of diastolic heart failure can result from - Answer: The accumulation of
blood/fluid in the lungs, veins and tissues of the body. Fluid backs up into these areas because
the heart is not filling adequately. The buildup of fluid in the lungs can result in shortness of
breath while fluid in the legs causes swelling/edema. Symptoms can also result from the heart
not being able to pump enough blood during exercise. This can lead to fatigue and a reduction
in an individual's exercise capacity.
Page 3 of 26
LVH Treatment (Meds) - Answer: Beta Blocker, ACE Inhibitor, Diuretic, Ca+ Channel Blocker
LVH Influence on exercise test - Answer: False Positive
LVH is often associated with - Answer: HTN
Afib/Flutter treatment (Meds) - Answer: Digitalis/Digoxin, Amiodarone, Beta-Blocker
DM Special considerations - Answer: Avoiding injection of insulin into a working muscle,
exercising with a partner,avoiding exercise during peak insulin activity, carrying a CHO snack
with them during exercise, if blood glucose levels are low. The most caution should be taken
during both the early morning, and late evening when beginning a new exercise program for an
individual with diabetes.
Page 1 of 26
,Most common acute concern for pt taking meds that increase insulin secretions - Answer:
Hypoglycemia so blood glucose should be regularly monitored when beginning a program,
maintain foot care and try as best as possible to avoid injury to the foot or lower extremities
due to peripheral neuropathy which would avoid risk for amputation.
Negative effects of HTN - Answer: Increased afterload on the heart, myocardial oxygen demand
increases, which can eventually lead to myocardial ischemia/infarction, Systolic and diastolic
dysfunction, leading to heart failure, cardiomyopathies (hypertrophic, dilated, restrictive) and a
limited ejection fraction, Arterial damage
LVH - Answer: Enlargement and thickening of the vessel walls that develops in response to
hypertension because the heart is working harder to pump blood. LVH will happen chronically
over time as the heart adapts to the increased peripheral resistance that is being placed upon it.
Negative effects of weakened vessel walls from HTN - Answer: Can cause cerebral hemorrhaging
(that eventually leads to a stroke), aneurysms (stretching out and bulging of a vessel),
retinopathies, and renal failure.
Sustained weight loss of 3-5% is likely to result in clinically meaningful reductions in - Answer:
CVD risk factors (TG, blood glucose , HBA1C levels and risk of developing T2DM.
Dyslipdemia - Answer: An abnormal amount of lipids (cholesterol) in the blood, defined by
elevated levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL , or a low level of HDL
Typical systolic HF findings - Answer: Stretched and thinning heart chambers, as a result of
increased afterload (chronic pressure overload), impaired contractility that can cause : CAD,
chronic volume overload ( mitral/aortic regurgitation), and dilated cardiomyopathies.
Page 2 of 26
, Mitral regurgitation leading to HF - Answer: Mitral valve doesn't close properly, and blood leaks
back into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts. Over time, the left ventricle pumps
harder to move the extra blood that has returned to it from the left atrium. The ventricle
stretches and gets bigger to hold the larger volume of blood. Gradual weakening of the left
ventricle can cause heart failure.
Diastolic HF - Answer: inability of the ventricles to relax and fill properly during diastole
(typically rigid and thickened chambers)
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction occurs when - Answer: chronic medical conditions
damage the heart and the other organ systems of the body.
Medical conditions that can contribute to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
(diastolic dysfunction): - Answer: Obesity
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Diabetes mellitus
CAD
Atrial fibrillation
Renal disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Obstructive sleep apnea
Anemia
The symptoms of diastolic heart failure can result from - Answer: The accumulation of
blood/fluid in the lungs, veins and tissues of the body. Fluid backs up into these areas because
the heart is not filling adequately. The buildup of fluid in the lungs can result in shortness of
breath while fluid in the legs causes swelling/edema. Symptoms can also result from the heart
not being able to pump enough blood during exercise. This can lead to fatigue and a reduction
in an individual's exercise capacity.
Page 3 of 26
