Chapter 28: Drug
Therapy for Insomnia
with complete verified
solutions
ANS: C
Temazepam is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that works by
causing a general depression of the central nervous system,
including the areas that process new or immediate information. As a
result, the patient may have amnesia for events that occur while he
or she is under the influence of this drug. - answer Which drug for
insomnia can cause amnesia?
a. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
b. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
c. Temazepam (Restoril)
d. Trazodone (Desyrel)
ANS: C
The drugs for insomnia are sedating and do not cause insomnia.
They do not interfere with blood clotting or the sense of taste. The
most common side effects for drugs that induce sleep are dry mouth
and drowsiness. Although hiccoughs and diarrhea may occur, these
are rare. - answer Which problems are the two most common side
effects of drugs for insomnia?
a. Increased bleeding and reduced sense of taste
b. Inability to fall asleep and stay asleep
,c. Dry mouth and drowsiness
d. Hiccoughs and diarrhea
ANS: D
Zaleplon induces sleep by binding to benzodiazepine receptors and
enhancing (stimulating) the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA
(gamma amino butyric acid). Therefore this drug belongs to the
benzodiazepine receptor agonist class. - answer In which drug
category for insomnia does zaleplon (Sonata) belong?
a. Antihistamines
b. Benzodiazepines
c. Sedating antidepressants
d. Benzodiazepine receptor agonists
ANS: B
Pentobarbital and secobarbital are barbiturates that can raise the
seizure threshold and prevent seizures. Triazolam is a
benzodiazepine that can reduce seizures. Romazicon is a reversal
agent for a benzodiazepine overdose and can lower the seizure
threshold in an individual who has epilepsy. - answer Which drug
can increase the risk for seizures in a patient who has epilepsy?
a. Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
b. Romazicon (Flumazenil)
c. Secobarbital (Seconal)
d. Triazolam (Halcion)
ANS: D
Although all drugs used to treat insomnia have the potential to be
abused, addictive, or habit-forming, the class with the lowest
likelihood for these problems is the benzodiazepine receptor
, agonists. This is the main reason why they are the first-line drugs to
treat insomnia. - answer Which class of drugs used to treat
insomnia has the lowest likelihood to be habit forming or addictive?
a. Barbiturates
b. Benzodiazepines
c. Sedating antidepressants
d. Benzodiazepine receptor agonists
ANS: C
All drugs for insomnia produce drowsiness, blurred vision, and can
impair judgment. Driving or operating dangerous equipment within
6 to 8 hours after taking any of these drugs can result in accident or
injury. Tasks that require mental alertness also should be delayed
until these effects have subsided. - answer What is the most
important precaution to teach a patient who is prescribed a drug for
insomnia?
a. "Avoid drinking fluids with caffeine before bedtime."
b. "Rinse your mouth frequently with water or saline."
c. "Avoid driving within 8 hours of taking this drug."
d. "Do not take this drug for more than 1 week."
ANS: B
Flurazepam (Dalmane) is a benzodiazepine with hypnotic and
sedative effects, used mostly to treat anxiety or stress. The
benzodiazepines are schedule IV drugs, which means that abuse of
these drugs or their long-term use may lead to limited physical
dependence or psychological dependence. These drugs can be
habit-forming when used for prolonged periods (2 to 4 weeks) and
are no longer first-line drugs for treatment of insomnia. Zolpidem
(Ambien) is a benzodiazepine receptor agonist and is less likely to
be addictive. - answer A patient who has been taking flurazepam
(Dalmane) for insomnia is now prescribed zolpidem (Ambien)
Therapy for Insomnia
with complete verified
solutions
ANS: C
Temazepam is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that works by
causing a general depression of the central nervous system,
including the areas that process new or immediate information. As a
result, the patient may have amnesia for events that occur while he
or she is under the influence of this drug. - answer Which drug for
insomnia can cause amnesia?
a. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
b. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
c. Temazepam (Restoril)
d. Trazodone (Desyrel)
ANS: C
The drugs for insomnia are sedating and do not cause insomnia.
They do not interfere with blood clotting or the sense of taste. The
most common side effects for drugs that induce sleep are dry mouth
and drowsiness. Although hiccoughs and diarrhea may occur, these
are rare. - answer Which problems are the two most common side
effects of drugs for insomnia?
a. Increased bleeding and reduced sense of taste
b. Inability to fall asleep and stay asleep
,c. Dry mouth and drowsiness
d. Hiccoughs and diarrhea
ANS: D
Zaleplon induces sleep by binding to benzodiazepine receptors and
enhancing (stimulating) the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA
(gamma amino butyric acid). Therefore this drug belongs to the
benzodiazepine receptor agonist class. - answer In which drug
category for insomnia does zaleplon (Sonata) belong?
a. Antihistamines
b. Benzodiazepines
c. Sedating antidepressants
d. Benzodiazepine receptor agonists
ANS: B
Pentobarbital and secobarbital are barbiturates that can raise the
seizure threshold and prevent seizures. Triazolam is a
benzodiazepine that can reduce seizures. Romazicon is a reversal
agent for a benzodiazepine overdose and can lower the seizure
threshold in an individual who has epilepsy. - answer Which drug
can increase the risk for seizures in a patient who has epilepsy?
a. Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
b. Romazicon (Flumazenil)
c. Secobarbital (Seconal)
d. Triazolam (Halcion)
ANS: D
Although all drugs used to treat insomnia have the potential to be
abused, addictive, or habit-forming, the class with the lowest
likelihood for these problems is the benzodiazepine receptor
, agonists. This is the main reason why they are the first-line drugs to
treat insomnia. - answer Which class of drugs used to treat
insomnia has the lowest likelihood to be habit forming or addictive?
a. Barbiturates
b. Benzodiazepines
c. Sedating antidepressants
d. Benzodiazepine receptor agonists
ANS: C
All drugs for insomnia produce drowsiness, blurred vision, and can
impair judgment. Driving or operating dangerous equipment within
6 to 8 hours after taking any of these drugs can result in accident or
injury. Tasks that require mental alertness also should be delayed
until these effects have subsided. - answer What is the most
important precaution to teach a patient who is prescribed a drug for
insomnia?
a. "Avoid drinking fluids with caffeine before bedtime."
b. "Rinse your mouth frequently with water or saline."
c. "Avoid driving within 8 hours of taking this drug."
d. "Do not take this drug for more than 1 week."
ANS: B
Flurazepam (Dalmane) is a benzodiazepine with hypnotic and
sedative effects, used mostly to treat anxiety or stress. The
benzodiazepines are schedule IV drugs, which means that abuse of
these drugs or their long-term use may lead to limited physical
dependence or psychological dependence. These drugs can be
habit-forming when used for prolonged periods (2 to 4 weeks) and
are no longer first-line drugs for treatment of insomnia. Zolpidem
(Ambien) is a benzodiazepine receptor agonist and is less likely to
be addictive. - answer A patient who has been taking flurazepam
(Dalmane) for insomnia is now prescribed zolpidem (Ambien)
