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Exam 1: BIOS251/ BIOS 251 (Latest 2025/ 2026 Update) Anatomy and Physiology I Review| Qs & As| Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified Answers)- Chamberlain

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Exam 1: BIOS251/ BIOS 251 (Latest 2025/ 2026 Update) Anatomy and Physiology I Review| Qs & As| Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified Answers)- Chamberlain Q: Cross section anatomy of the spinal cord Answer: Contains a central grey matter (nerve cell bodies) surrounded by a peripheral white matter (myelinated axons gathered into tracts). The grey matter forms anterior and posterior horns in the shape of a butterfly. Q: The anterior and posterior horns give rise to Answer: nerve roots that exit the CNS forming the peripheral nerves. Q: Organization of grey matter Answer: Anterior horn, Posterior/dorsal horns, Lateral horn Q: Anterior/ Ventral horn Answer: interneurons and somatic motor neurons Q: Posterior/ Dorsal horn Answer: Dorsal root ganglia contain the sensory nerve cell bodies and interneurons Q: Lateral horn Answer: Only found in some sections of the cord and contains the cell bodies for the autonomic nerves (sympathetic nerve fibers) Q: Organization of White Matter Answer: Each region of specialized white matter is known as a funiculus. Funiculus can be further organized into tracts (aka: columns) Ascending and descending tracts. Q: Ascending tracts Answer: Sensory information going from cord to brain (afferent; typically begin with spino-). First order neuron Second order neuron Third order neuron Spinothalamic tract Spinocerebellar tract Q: Types of Ascending Tracts Answer: Spinothalamic tract Spinocerebellar tract Dorsal columns/Medial lemniscus pathway: Fasciculi Gracilis Fasciculi Cuneatus Q: Spinothalamic tracts Answer: light touch, pressure, pain and temperature Q: Spinocerebellar tracts Answer: anterior spinocerebellar and posterior spinocerebellar Q: Dorsal white columns Answer: Contains sensory information from the extremities: Fasciculi Gracilis: lower extremities Fasciculi Cuneatus: upper extremities Q: Descending tracts Answer:

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Examl1:lBIOS251/lBIOSl251l(Latestl2025/l
2026lUpdate)lAnatomylandlPhysiologylIl
Review|lQsl&lAs|lGradelA|l100%lCorrectl
(VerifiedlAnswers)-lChamberlain
Q:lCrosslsectionlanatomyloflthelspinallcord

Answer:
Containslalcentrallgreylmatterl(nervelcelllbodies)lsurroundedlbylalperipherallwhitelmatterl(myel
inatedlaxonslgatheredlintoltracts).lThelgreylmatterlformslanteriorlandlposteriorlhornslinlthelsha
peloflalbutterfly.

Q:lThelanteriorlandlposteriorlhornslgivelriselto

Answer:
nervelrootslthatlexitlthelCNSlforminglthelperipherallnerves.

Q:lOrganizationloflgreylmatter

Answer:
Anteriorlhorn,lPosterior/dorsallhorns,lLaterallhorn

Q:lAnterior/lVentrallhorn

Answer:
interneuronslandlsomaticlmotorlneurons

,Q:lPosterior/lDorsallhorn

Answer:
Dorsallrootlganglialcontainlthelsensorylnervelcelllbodieslandlinterneurons

Q:lLaterallhorn

Answer:
Onlylfoundlinlsomelsectionsloflthelcordlandlcontainslthelcelllbodieslforlthelautonomiclnervesl(s
ympatheticlnervelfibers)

Q:lOrganizationloflWhitelMatter

Answer:
Eachlregionloflspecializedlwhitelmatterlislknownlaslalfuniculus.lFuniculuslcanlbelfurtherlorgani
zedlintoltractsl(aka:lcolumns)lAscendinglandldescendingltracts.

Q:lAscendingltracts

Answer:
Sensorylinformationlgoinglfromlcordltolbrainl(afferent;ltypicallylbeginlwithlspino-).l
Firstlorderlneuron
Secondlorderlneuron
Thirdlorderlneuron
Spinothalamicltract
Spinocerebellarltract

, Q:lTypesloflAscendinglTracts

Answer:
Spinothalamicltract
Spinocerebellarltract
Dorsallcolumns/Medialllemniscuslpathway:
FasciculilGracilis
FasciculilCuneatus

Q:lSpinothalamicltracts

Answer:
lightltouch,lpressure,lpainlandltemperature

Q:lSpinocerebellarltracts

Answer:
anteriorlspinocerebellarlandlposteriorlspinocerebellar

Q:lDorsallwhitelcolumns

Answer:
Containslsensorylinformationlfromlthelextremities:lFasciculilGracilis:llowerlextremitieslFascicu
lilCuneatus:lupperlextremities

Q:lDescendingltracts

Answer:

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