POLI 2051 HOGAN EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED
government - ✔✔the institutions through which public policies are made for
a society; congress, president, courts, bureaucracy
collective goods - ✔✔goods and services such as clean air and water that
by their nature cannot be denied to anyone
politics - ✔✔the process of determining the leaders we select and the
policies they pursue; authoritative decisions about public issues
single issue groups - ✔✔groups that have a narrow interest on which their
members tend to take an uncompromising stance
policymaking system - ✔✔the process by which policy comes into being
and evolves
linkage institutions - ✔✔the political channels through which peoples
concerns become political issues on the policy agenda; elections, media,
political parties
policy agenda - ✔✔the issues that attract the serious attention of public
officials and other politicians
1
©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,political issue - ✔✔an issues that arises when people disagree about a
problem and how to fix it
policymaking institutions - ✔✔the branches of government charged with
taking action on political issues
public policy - ✔✔a choice that government makes in response to a political
issue
policy impacts - ✔✔the effects a policy has on people and problems
democracy - ✔✔a system of selecting policymakers and of organizing
government so that policy represents and responds to the publics
preferences
majority rule - ✔✔choosing among alternatives requires the majority desire
be respected
minority rights - ✔✔guarantees rights to those who do not belong to
majorities
representation - ✔✔describes the relationship between few leaders and
many followers
pluralism - ✔✔policymaking is open to the participation of all groups with
shared interest
elitism - ✔✔an upper-class elite holds the power and makes policy
2
©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, hyper-pluralism - ✔✔groups are so strong that government gives into the
groups and is weakened
policy gridlock - ✔✔a condition that occurs when interests conflict and no
coalition is strong enough to form a majority
political culture - ✔✔an overall set of values widely shared within a society
gross domestic product - ✔✔the sum total of the value of all the goods and
service produced in a year in a nation
constitution - ✔✔a nations basic law; creates political institutions assigns or
divides power in government and often provides certain guarantees to
citizens; can be written or unwritten
declaration of independence - ✔✔the document approved by
representatives of the american colonies in 1776 that stated their
grievances against the british monarch and declared their independence
natural rights - ✔✔rights inherent in human beings not dependent on
governments which include life liberty and property written by john locke
consent of the governed - ✔✔the idea that government derives its authority
from the people
limited government - ✔✔the idea that certain restrictions should be placed
on government to protect the natural rights of citizens
3
©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED
government - ✔✔the institutions through which public policies are made for
a society; congress, president, courts, bureaucracy
collective goods - ✔✔goods and services such as clean air and water that
by their nature cannot be denied to anyone
politics - ✔✔the process of determining the leaders we select and the
policies they pursue; authoritative decisions about public issues
single issue groups - ✔✔groups that have a narrow interest on which their
members tend to take an uncompromising stance
policymaking system - ✔✔the process by which policy comes into being
and evolves
linkage institutions - ✔✔the political channels through which peoples
concerns become political issues on the policy agenda; elections, media,
political parties
policy agenda - ✔✔the issues that attract the serious attention of public
officials and other politicians
1
©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,political issue - ✔✔an issues that arises when people disagree about a
problem and how to fix it
policymaking institutions - ✔✔the branches of government charged with
taking action on political issues
public policy - ✔✔a choice that government makes in response to a political
issue
policy impacts - ✔✔the effects a policy has on people and problems
democracy - ✔✔a system of selecting policymakers and of organizing
government so that policy represents and responds to the publics
preferences
majority rule - ✔✔choosing among alternatives requires the majority desire
be respected
minority rights - ✔✔guarantees rights to those who do not belong to
majorities
representation - ✔✔describes the relationship between few leaders and
many followers
pluralism - ✔✔policymaking is open to the participation of all groups with
shared interest
elitism - ✔✔an upper-class elite holds the power and makes policy
2
©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, hyper-pluralism - ✔✔groups are so strong that government gives into the
groups and is weakened
policy gridlock - ✔✔a condition that occurs when interests conflict and no
coalition is strong enough to form a majority
political culture - ✔✔an overall set of values widely shared within a society
gross domestic product - ✔✔the sum total of the value of all the goods and
service produced in a year in a nation
constitution - ✔✔a nations basic law; creates political institutions assigns or
divides power in government and often provides certain guarantees to
citizens; can be written or unwritten
declaration of independence - ✔✔the document approved by
representatives of the american colonies in 1776 that stated their
grievances against the british monarch and declared their independence
natural rights - ✔✔rights inherent in human beings not dependent on
governments which include life liberty and property written by john locke
consent of the governed - ✔✔the idea that government derives its authority
from the people
limited government - ✔✔the idea that certain restrictions should be placed
on government to protect the natural rights of citizens
3
©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
