TEST BANK FOR
PEDIATRIC PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: AN ILLUSTRATED
HANDBOOK 4TH EDITION
BY KAREN G. DUDERSTADT PHD RN CPNP FAAN VICTORIA F.
KEETON PHD RN CPNP-PC CNS|| ALL CHAPTERS|| LATEST EDITION
4th Edition
TEST BANK
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNIT I: PEDIATRIC GENERAL ASSESSMENT ..................................................3
CHAPTER 1: APPROACH TO CARE AND ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
.................................................................................................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER 2. ASSESSMENT OF GROWTH AND VITAL SIGNS .................................................... 16
CHAPTER 3. DEVELOPMENTAL, EMOTIONAL, AND BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE AND
SCREENING .......................................................................................................................................... 29
CHAPTER 4. COMPREHENSIVE INFORMATION GATHERING ................................................... 38
CHAPTER 5. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HISTORY.................................................................... 46
CHAPTER 6. NEWBORN ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................... 53
UNIT II SYSTEM-SPECIFIC ASSESSMENT ......................................................70
CHAPTER 7. SKIN ASSESSMENT...................................................................................................... 70
CHAPTER 8. HEART AND VASCULAR ASSESSMENT ................................................................. 80
CHAPTER 9. CHEST AND RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT ............................................................ 96
CHAPTER 10. EYES ........................................................................................................................... 117
CHAPTER 11. EARS ........................................................................................................................... 130
CHAPTER 12. NOSE, MOUTH, AND THROAT .............................................................................. 135
CHAPTER 13. NECK AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM ASSESSMENT ................................................................. 139
CHAPTER 14. ABDOMEN AND RECTUM ...................................................................................... 155
CHAPTER 15. PENIS, TESTICLES, AND SCROTUM ..................................................................... 177
CHAPTER 16. BREAST ...................................................................................................................... 179
CHAPTER 17. VULVA, VAGINA, AND INTERNAL PELVIC ASSESSMENT ............................. 193
CHAPTER 18. MUSCULOSKELETAL ASSESSMENT ................................................................... 199
CHAPTER 19. HEAD AND NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM ................................................................ 219
,UNIT I: PEDIATRIC GENERAL ASSESSMENT
CHAPTER 1: APPROACH TO CARE AND ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN AND
ADOLESCENTS
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A NURSE IS REVIEWING DEVELOPMENTAL CONCEPTS FOR INFANTS AND
CHILDREN. WHICH STATEMENT BEST DESCRIBES DEVELOPMENT IN INFANTS AND
CHILDREN?
A. DEVELOPMENT, A PREDICTABLE AND ORDERLY PROCESS, OCCURS AT VARYING
RATES WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS.
B. DEVELOPMENT IS PRIMARILY RELATED TO THE GROWTH IN THE NUMBER AND
SIZE OF CELLS.
C. DEVELOPMENT OCCURS IN A PROXIMODISTAL DIRECTION WITH FINE MUSCLE
DEVELOPMENT OCCURRING FIRST.
D. DEVELOPMENT IS MORE EASILY AND ACCURATELY MEASURED THAN GROWTH.
CORRECT ANS>>A
DEVELOPMENT, A CONTINUOUS ORDERLY PROCESS, PROVIDES THE BASIS FOR
INCREASES IN THE CHILDS FUNCTION AND COMPLEXITY OF BEHAVIOR. THE INCREASES
IN RATE OF FUNCTION AND COMPLEXITY CAN VARY NORMALLY WITHIN LIMITS FOR
EACH CHILD. AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER AND SIZE OF CELLS IS A DEFINITION FOR
GROWTH. DEVELOPMENT PROCEEDS IN A PROXIMODISTAL DIRECTION WITH FINE
MUSCLE ORGANIZATION OCCURRING AS A RESULT OF LARGE MUSCLE ORGANIZATION.
DEVELOPMENT IS A MORE COMPLEX PROCESS THAT IS AFFECTED BY MANY FACTORS;
THEREFORE, IT IS LESS EASILY AND ACCURATELY MEASURED. GROWTH IS A
PREDICTABLE PROCESS WITH STANDARD MEASUREMENT METHODS.
2. FREQUENT DEVELOPMENTAL ASSESSMENTS ARE IMPORTANT FOR WHICH
REASON?
A. STABLE DEVELOPMENTAL PERIODS DURING INFANCY PROVIDE AN
OPPORTUNITY TO IDENTIFY ANY DELAYS OR DEFICITS.
B. INFANTS NEED STIMULATION SPECIFIC TO THE STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT.
, C. CRITICAL PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT OCCUR DURING CHILDHOOD.
D. CHILD DEVELOPMENT IS UNPREDICTABLE AND NEEDS MONITORING.
CORRECT ANS>>C
CRITICAL PERIODS ARE BLOCKS OF TIME DURING WHICH CHILDREN ARE READY TO
MASTER SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS. CHILDREN CAN MASTER THESE TASKS
MORE EASILY DURING PARTICULAR PERIODS OF TIME IN THEIR GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESS. INFANCY IS A DYNAMIC TIME OF DEVELOPMENT THAT
REQUIRES FREQUENT EVALUATIONS TO ASSESS APPROPRIATE DEVELOPMENTAL
PROGRESS. INFANTS IN A NURTURING ENVIRONMENT WILL DEVELOP APPROPRIATELY
AND WILL NOT NECESSARILY NEED STIMULATION SPECIFIC TO THEIR DEVELOPMENTAL
STAGE. NORMAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT ARE ORDERLY AND PROCEED IN A
PREDICTABLE PATTERN ON THE BASIS OF EACH INDIVIDUALS ABILITIES AND
POTENTIALS.
3. WHICH FACTOR HAS THE GREATEST INFLUENCE ON CHILD GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT?
A. CULTURE
B. ENVIRONMENT
C. GENETICS
D. NUTRITION
CORRECT ANS>>C
GENETIC FACTORS (HEREDITY) DETERMINE EACH INDIVIDUALS GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENTAL RATE. ALTHOUGH FACTORS SUCH AS ENVIRONMENT, CULTURE,
NUTRITION, AND FAMILY CAN INFLUENCE GENETIC TRAITS, THEY DO NOT ELIMINATE
THE EFFECT OF THE GENETIC ENDOWMENT, WHICH IS PERMANENT. CULTURE IS A
SIGNIFICANT FACTOR THAT INFLUENCES HOW CHILDREN GROW TOWARD ADULTHOOD.
CULTURE INFLUENCES BOTH GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT BUT DOES NOT ELIMINATE
INBORN GENETIC INFLUENCES. ENVIRONMENT HAS A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN
DETERMINING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER BIRTH. THE
ENVIRONMENT CAN INFLUENCE HOW AND TO WHICH EXTENT GENETIC TRAITS ARE
PEDIATRIC PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: AN ILLUSTRATED
HANDBOOK 4TH EDITION
BY KAREN G. DUDERSTADT PHD RN CPNP FAAN VICTORIA F.
KEETON PHD RN CPNP-PC CNS|| ALL CHAPTERS|| LATEST EDITION
4th Edition
TEST BANK
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNIT I: PEDIATRIC GENERAL ASSESSMENT ..................................................3
CHAPTER 1: APPROACH TO CARE AND ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
.................................................................................................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER 2. ASSESSMENT OF GROWTH AND VITAL SIGNS .................................................... 16
CHAPTER 3. DEVELOPMENTAL, EMOTIONAL, AND BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE AND
SCREENING .......................................................................................................................................... 29
CHAPTER 4. COMPREHENSIVE INFORMATION GATHERING ................................................... 38
CHAPTER 5. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HISTORY.................................................................... 46
CHAPTER 6. NEWBORN ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................... 53
UNIT II SYSTEM-SPECIFIC ASSESSMENT ......................................................70
CHAPTER 7. SKIN ASSESSMENT...................................................................................................... 70
CHAPTER 8. HEART AND VASCULAR ASSESSMENT ................................................................. 80
CHAPTER 9. CHEST AND RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT ............................................................ 96
CHAPTER 10. EYES ........................................................................................................................... 117
CHAPTER 11. EARS ........................................................................................................................... 130
CHAPTER 12. NOSE, MOUTH, AND THROAT .............................................................................. 135
CHAPTER 13. NECK AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM ASSESSMENT ................................................................. 139
CHAPTER 14. ABDOMEN AND RECTUM ...................................................................................... 155
CHAPTER 15. PENIS, TESTICLES, AND SCROTUM ..................................................................... 177
CHAPTER 16. BREAST ...................................................................................................................... 179
CHAPTER 17. VULVA, VAGINA, AND INTERNAL PELVIC ASSESSMENT ............................. 193
CHAPTER 18. MUSCULOSKELETAL ASSESSMENT ................................................................... 199
CHAPTER 19. HEAD AND NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM ................................................................ 219
,UNIT I: PEDIATRIC GENERAL ASSESSMENT
CHAPTER 1: APPROACH TO CARE AND ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN AND
ADOLESCENTS
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A NURSE IS REVIEWING DEVELOPMENTAL CONCEPTS FOR INFANTS AND
CHILDREN. WHICH STATEMENT BEST DESCRIBES DEVELOPMENT IN INFANTS AND
CHILDREN?
A. DEVELOPMENT, A PREDICTABLE AND ORDERLY PROCESS, OCCURS AT VARYING
RATES WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS.
B. DEVELOPMENT IS PRIMARILY RELATED TO THE GROWTH IN THE NUMBER AND
SIZE OF CELLS.
C. DEVELOPMENT OCCURS IN A PROXIMODISTAL DIRECTION WITH FINE MUSCLE
DEVELOPMENT OCCURRING FIRST.
D. DEVELOPMENT IS MORE EASILY AND ACCURATELY MEASURED THAN GROWTH.
CORRECT ANS>>A
DEVELOPMENT, A CONTINUOUS ORDERLY PROCESS, PROVIDES THE BASIS FOR
INCREASES IN THE CHILDS FUNCTION AND COMPLEXITY OF BEHAVIOR. THE INCREASES
IN RATE OF FUNCTION AND COMPLEXITY CAN VARY NORMALLY WITHIN LIMITS FOR
EACH CHILD. AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER AND SIZE OF CELLS IS A DEFINITION FOR
GROWTH. DEVELOPMENT PROCEEDS IN A PROXIMODISTAL DIRECTION WITH FINE
MUSCLE ORGANIZATION OCCURRING AS A RESULT OF LARGE MUSCLE ORGANIZATION.
DEVELOPMENT IS A MORE COMPLEX PROCESS THAT IS AFFECTED BY MANY FACTORS;
THEREFORE, IT IS LESS EASILY AND ACCURATELY MEASURED. GROWTH IS A
PREDICTABLE PROCESS WITH STANDARD MEASUREMENT METHODS.
2. FREQUENT DEVELOPMENTAL ASSESSMENTS ARE IMPORTANT FOR WHICH
REASON?
A. STABLE DEVELOPMENTAL PERIODS DURING INFANCY PROVIDE AN
OPPORTUNITY TO IDENTIFY ANY DELAYS OR DEFICITS.
B. INFANTS NEED STIMULATION SPECIFIC TO THE STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT.
, C. CRITICAL PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT OCCUR DURING CHILDHOOD.
D. CHILD DEVELOPMENT IS UNPREDICTABLE AND NEEDS MONITORING.
CORRECT ANS>>C
CRITICAL PERIODS ARE BLOCKS OF TIME DURING WHICH CHILDREN ARE READY TO
MASTER SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS. CHILDREN CAN MASTER THESE TASKS
MORE EASILY DURING PARTICULAR PERIODS OF TIME IN THEIR GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESS. INFANCY IS A DYNAMIC TIME OF DEVELOPMENT THAT
REQUIRES FREQUENT EVALUATIONS TO ASSESS APPROPRIATE DEVELOPMENTAL
PROGRESS. INFANTS IN A NURTURING ENVIRONMENT WILL DEVELOP APPROPRIATELY
AND WILL NOT NECESSARILY NEED STIMULATION SPECIFIC TO THEIR DEVELOPMENTAL
STAGE. NORMAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT ARE ORDERLY AND PROCEED IN A
PREDICTABLE PATTERN ON THE BASIS OF EACH INDIVIDUALS ABILITIES AND
POTENTIALS.
3. WHICH FACTOR HAS THE GREATEST INFLUENCE ON CHILD GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT?
A. CULTURE
B. ENVIRONMENT
C. GENETICS
D. NUTRITION
CORRECT ANS>>C
GENETIC FACTORS (HEREDITY) DETERMINE EACH INDIVIDUALS GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENTAL RATE. ALTHOUGH FACTORS SUCH AS ENVIRONMENT, CULTURE,
NUTRITION, AND FAMILY CAN INFLUENCE GENETIC TRAITS, THEY DO NOT ELIMINATE
THE EFFECT OF THE GENETIC ENDOWMENT, WHICH IS PERMANENT. CULTURE IS A
SIGNIFICANT FACTOR THAT INFLUENCES HOW CHILDREN GROW TOWARD ADULTHOOD.
CULTURE INFLUENCES BOTH GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT BUT DOES NOT ELIMINATE
INBORN GENETIC INFLUENCES. ENVIRONMENT HAS A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN
DETERMINING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER BIRTH. THE
ENVIRONMENT CAN INFLUENCE HOW AND TO WHICH EXTENT GENETIC TRAITS ARE
