INTRODUCTION TO VETERINARY SCIENCE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

INTRODUCTION TO VETERINARY SCIENCE EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS




cells - correct answer basic structure of animal life
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molecules - correct answer lipids (fats), phospholipids (similar to fats), carbohydrates (supply energy and
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provide structure within the cell), proteins (play a key role in structure and function of the cell), nucleic acid
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(provide plans for the differing construction of proteins)
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parts of cells - correct answer organelles, cell membrane/plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, ribosomes,
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endoplasmic reticulum (ER), golgi apparatus, mitochondria
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metabolism - correct answer all reactions going on in cells
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anabolism - correct answer process of building up proteins
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catabolism - correct answer process of breaking down proteins
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,extracellular fluid (ECF) - correct answer surrounds all living cells; derived from blood; supplies the cell with all
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products necessary for their functionsb b b b




homeostasis - correct answer maintains balance b b b b b




diffusion - correct answer molecules move from higher to lower concentrations until equalized
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osmosis - correct answer water moves across the membrane to equalize the concentration
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active transport - correct answer potassium is pumped back into the cell, and the higher concentration is
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maintained



endocytosis - correct answer the cell membrane wraps around a particle, pinches off, and moves into the
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cytoplasm as a vacuole b b b




exocytosis - correct answer a membrane-bound sac containing the protein joins with the cell membrane and
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releases into the ECF b b b




mitosis - correct answer cell divides - making two new identical cells; interphase, prophase, metaphase,
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anaphase, telophase b




cancerous cells - correct answer go through rapid mitosis
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embryo - correct answer made from sperm and egg
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meiosis - correct answer results in cell (sperm or egg) containing half the genetic material - two cell divisions or
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mitoses



biopsy - correct answer process of viewing life (on a microscope)
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, tumors - correct answer cells grow rapidly and divide without normal control - neoplasm - benign (localized) -
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malignant (spreads/cancerous) b




pathologists - correct answer interpret and diagnose changes in cells and tissues
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bottle jaw - correct answer an accumulation of fluid within a tissue
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edema - correct answer swelling
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epithelial tissues - correct answer collections of cells packed together in sheets - skin
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simple epithelial tissues - correct answer one cell layer
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stratified epithelial tissues - correct answer multiple cell layers
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transitional epithelial tissues - correct answer multiple cell layers that can change shape
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descriptive terms of epithelial tissues - correct answer squamous (very flat), cuboidal (cube shaped),
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columnar (more tall than wide) b b b b




keratin - correct answer specialized protein - hardness of claws, nails, and hooves
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connective tissues - correct answer tendons, fat (adipose tissue), blood, cartilage, bone
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muscle tissues - correct answer allows mammals to move
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skeletal muscle - correct answer attaches to the skeleton and allows motion - striated voluntary muscle
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smooth muscle - correct answer involuntary - located in many of the hollow organs of the body - arranged in
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sheets