EMT Final FISDAP Exam Review Questions and
Answers.
when and how to provide positive pressure ventilations w/ BVM - > - resp. rate 8 and
below / 28 and above
- if pt. is slow to respond, has little chest rise/fall, and retraction
- best way to ventilate w/ single rescuer is pocket mask
- best way to ventilate w/ 2 rescuers is BVM hooked up to O2
next step if chest doesn't rise during ventilation - > reposition head
stridor - > - high pitch, can be heard without auscultation
- blockage in larynx/trachea (tongue, foreign object)
wheezing - > - high pitch
- constriction in smaller air passages
- asthma
rhonchi - > - low pitch, raddling in lungs
- thick mucous
- seen with COPD, emphysema, pneumonia
rales - > - crackles/popping
- fluid in lungs
- pulmonary edema secondary to left-sided CHF
O2 levels for NC, NRB, BVM - > - NC: 2-6LPM
- NRB: 10-15LPM
- BVM: 15-25LPM
proper suctioning technique and what to do if they keep vomiting - > - 10-15sec at a time
, - suction on way out
- roll to side if need be
treating choking victims - > - ask if they are chocking
- start chest compressions if nonresponsive/apneic
- perform abdominal thrusts if responsive
- for pregnant women do chest thrusts
steps for OPA/NPA - > - both adjuncts are available in multiple sizes, and you must
administer the proper one based on the patient
- OPA: measure from corner of mouth to tip of earlobe/corner of jaw
- NPA: measure from the tip of the patient's nostril to the tip of their earlobe
- choose an NPA w/ a diameter slightly smaller than the patient's nares (interior nostrils)
- use OPA for unresponsive pt. without gag reflex or apneic pt. ventilated w BVM (but not if
pt. is conscious or has intact gag reflex)--helpful to reposition tongue and make suctioning
easier
- use NPA (and lube it) for semiconscious/conscious pt. w/ intact gag reflex or pt. who
won't tolerate OPA (but not if pt. has severe head injury w blood draining from nose or
history of fractured nasal bone)--pt. with AMS/ALS typically benefit
treating seizure patients - > - keep pt. safe
- maintain open airway and suction if needed
- use NPA if needed POST seizure
- never hold them down
types of seizures - > - tonic: phase of stiffening
- clonic: phase of jerking
- febrile: pt. has fever (rapid spike in temp, usually in kids)
- focal motor: one or more specific areas are affected rather than whole body
- absence (petit mal): pt. does not interact w environment, but there is no convulsive
activity
*status epilepticus: prolonged seizures (abt 30min) or recurring seizures
Answers.
when and how to provide positive pressure ventilations w/ BVM - > - resp. rate 8 and
below / 28 and above
- if pt. is slow to respond, has little chest rise/fall, and retraction
- best way to ventilate w/ single rescuer is pocket mask
- best way to ventilate w/ 2 rescuers is BVM hooked up to O2
next step if chest doesn't rise during ventilation - > reposition head
stridor - > - high pitch, can be heard without auscultation
- blockage in larynx/trachea (tongue, foreign object)
wheezing - > - high pitch
- constriction in smaller air passages
- asthma
rhonchi - > - low pitch, raddling in lungs
- thick mucous
- seen with COPD, emphysema, pneumonia
rales - > - crackles/popping
- fluid in lungs
- pulmonary edema secondary to left-sided CHF
O2 levels for NC, NRB, BVM - > - NC: 2-6LPM
- NRB: 10-15LPM
- BVM: 15-25LPM
proper suctioning technique and what to do if they keep vomiting - > - 10-15sec at a time
, - suction on way out
- roll to side if need be
treating choking victims - > - ask if they are chocking
- start chest compressions if nonresponsive/apneic
- perform abdominal thrusts if responsive
- for pregnant women do chest thrusts
steps for OPA/NPA - > - both adjuncts are available in multiple sizes, and you must
administer the proper one based on the patient
- OPA: measure from corner of mouth to tip of earlobe/corner of jaw
- NPA: measure from the tip of the patient's nostril to the tip of their earlobe
- choose an NPA w/ a diameter slightly smaller than the patient's nares (interior nostrils)
- use OPA for unresponsive pt. without gag reflex or apneic pt. ventilated w BVM (but not if
pt. is conscious or has intact gag reflex)--helpful to reposition tongue and make suctioning
easier
- use NPA (and lube it) for semiconscious/conscious pt. w/ intact gag reflex or pt. who
won't tolerate OPA (but not if pt. has severe head injury w blood draining from nose or
history of fractured nasal bone)--pt. with AMS/ALS typically benefit
treating seizure patients - > - keep pt. safe
- maintain open airway and suction if needed
- use NPA if needed POST seizure
- never hold them down
types of seizures - > - tonic: phase of stiffening
- clonic: phase of jerking
- febrile: pt. has fever (rapid spike in temp, usually in kids)
- focal motor: one or more specific areas are affected rather than whole body
- absence (petit mal): pt. does not interact w environment, but there is no convulsive
activity
*status epilepticus: prolonged seizures (abt 30min) or recurring seizures
