CPAN/CAPA set #2 Exam with Accurate
Solutions
Patient's with acromegaly need constant vigilance in PACU because - ANSWER-
Respiratory status.. because of protruding lower jaw and enlarged tongue
Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone causes this - ANSWER-Acromegaly or Giantism;
usually happens before puberty
Hyposecretion of Growth Hormone causes this - ANSWER-Simmonds Disease; is
characterized by premature senility, weakness, emaciated, mental lethargy and wrinkled
dry skin
What is a major cause of diabetes insipidus - ANSWER-This condition is characterized
by the output of large volume of dilute sugar free urine which is caused by lack of ADH
When ADH is secreted in large quantities, vasoconstriction of the smooth muscles
occurs.. this leads to - ANSWER-elevated blood pressure
When blood supply to the kidneys is low - ANSWER-Juxtaglomerular cells are
stimulated to release renin
A disease that is a deficiency of ACTH - ANSWER-Addison Disease
When hemorrhage and trauma occurs during a surgical procedure - ANSWER-ADH
secretion is elevated; this situation SIADH can be induced as a result of overzealous
fluid administration which can cause water intoxication
Addision crisis - ANSWER-Dehydration, nausea, hypotension followed by fever. Marked
flaccidity of extremities, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, azotemia, shock
How does the nurse treat Addision Crisis - ANSWER-Dexamethasone 2 - 4 IV along
with D5NS
Symptoms of water intoxication - ANSWER-Headache, muscular weakness, anorexia,
nausea and vomiting... this leads to confusion, hostility disorientation,
uncooperativeness, drowsiness or convulsion and coma
How to treat SIAD - ANSWER-Fluid restriction, diuresis w/ mannitol and lasix and
administration of sodium chloride
, Evidence based risk factors for PONV - ANSWER-female, non smoker, history of
PONV, postop opiods
Best treatment for PONV - ANSWER-Multimodal interventions;consisting of more than
one pharmacological intervention targeting different drug receptors are superior
Best position when patient is vomiting - ANSWER-Head down position and give oxygen
immediately. Allows fluid to flow away from lungs rather than into lungs
Patient who has liver disease and had succinylcholine; what should the nurse monitor -
ANSWER-Respiratory depression in the immediate postoperative period
What protein enzyme does the liver synthesizes - ANSWER-Pseudocholinesterase
(plasma cholinesterese)
This protein is the principle enzyme in the metabolism of succinylcholine and the ester-
type local anesthetics - ANSWER-Pseudocholinesterase
How do you treat type 1 hypersensitivity reaction (Anaphylactic) - ANSWER-
Epinephrine and benadryl
What are some examples of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions - ANSWER-Asthma, hay
fever, systemic anaphylaxis
What are some risk factors to latex allergy - ANSWER-Allergies to food products: fruits,
nuts, bananas, avocados, celery, figs, chestnut and papayas
What are some medical diseases that can put a patient at risk for latex allergy -
ANSWER-Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, myelomenigocele and
lipomyelomeningocele
What must the PACU nurse remember when re warming a hypothermic patient who just
received an IM or SQ injection - ANSWER-When a patient undergoes rewarding, a
significant amount of the drug can be rapidly liberated from the injection site which can
cause a large concentration of the drug in the systemic system circulation and
exaggerated effect
Renal exretion of drugs depend on which of the following physiological processes -
ANSWER-Glomerular filtration, active tubular secretion, and passive tubular
reabsorption
What happens when epinephrine is added to a local anesthetic - ANSWER-The
absorption of the local anesthetic can be enhanced or prolonged through the
vasoconstrictive action of epi
Solutions
Patient's with acromegaly need constant vigilance in PACU because - ANSWER-
Respiratory status.. because of protruding lower jaw and enlarged tongue
Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone causes this - ANSWER-Acromegaly or Giantism;
usually happens before puberty
Hyposecretion of Growth Hormone causes this - ANSWER-Simmonds Disease; is
characterized by premature senility, weakness, emaciated, mental lethargy and wrinkled
dry skin
What is a major cause of diabetes insipidus - ANSWER-This condition is characterized
by the output of large volume of dilute sugar free urine which is caused by lack of ADH
When ADH is secreted in large quantities, vasoconstriction of the smooth muscles
occurs.. this leads to - ANSWER-elevated blood pressure
When blood supply to the kidneys is low - ANSWER-Juxtaglomerular cells are
stimulated to release renin
A disease that is a deficiency of ACTH - ANSWER-Addison Disease
When hemorrhage and trauma occurs during a surgical procedure - ANSWER-ADH
secretion is elevated; this situation SIADH can be induced as a result of overzealous
fluid administration which can cause water intoxication
Addision crisis - ANSWER-Dehydration, nausea, hypotension followed by fever. Marked
flaccidity of extremities, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, azotemia, shock
How does the nurse treat Addision Crisis - ANSWER-Dexamethasone 2 - 4 IV along
with D5NS
Symptoms of water intoxication - ANSWER-Headache, muscular weakness, anorexia,
nausea and vomiting... this leads to confusion, hostility disorientation,
uncooperativeness, drowsiness or convulsion and coma
How to treat SIAD - ANSWER-Fluid restriction, diuresis w/ mannitol and lasix and
administration of sodium chloride
, Evidence based risk factors for PONV - ANSWER-female, non smoker, history of
PONV, postop opiods
Best treatment for PONV - ANSWER-Multimodal interventions;consisting of more than
one pharmacological intervention targeting different drug receptors are superior
Best position when patient is vomiting - ANSWER-Head down position and give oxygen
immediately. Allows fluid to flow away from lungs rather than into lungs
Patient who has liver disease and had succinylcholine; what should the nurse monitor -
ANSWER-Respiratory depression in the immediate postoperative period
What protein enzyme does the liver synthesizes - ANSWER-Pseudocholinesterase
(plasma cholinesterese)
This protein is the principle enzyme in the metabolism of succinylcholine and the ester-
type local anesthetics - ANSWER-Pseudocholinesterase
How do you treat type 1 hypersensitivity reaction (Anaphylactic) - ANSWER-
Epinephrine and benadryl
What are some examples of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions - ANSWER-Asthma, hay
fever, systemic anaphylaxis
What are some risk factors to latex allergy - ANSWER-Allergies to food products: fruits,
nuts, bananas, avocados, celery, figs, chestnut and papayas
What are some medical diseases that can put a patient at risk for latex allergy -
ANSWER-Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, myelomenigocele and
lipomyelomeningocele
What must the PACU nurse remember when re warming a hypothermic patient who just
received an IM or SQ injection - ANSWER-When a patient undergoes rewarding, a
significant amount of the drug can be rapidly liberated from the injection site which can
cause a large concentration of the drug in the systemic system circulation and
exaggerated effect
Renal exretion of drugs depend on which of the following physiological processes -
ANSWER-Glomerular filtration, active tubular secretion, and passive tubular
reabsorption
What happens when epinephrine is added to a local anesthetic - ANSWER-The
absorption of the local anesthetic can be enhanced or prolonged through the
vasoconstrictive action of epi
