NURS 251 Module Exam Latest Updated 2024
How to perform a Breast Self-Exam?
- Lie down and use fingers to palpate in a circular motion (while applying
pressure) up and down along the breast
- Use a mirror
- Place hands on hips, or place hands above head to assess underarm
What are the primary risk factors for breast cancer?
- First degree relative
- Menarche before 12
- Menopause after 55
- Taking hormone supplements for more than 5 years
What are lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer?
- Alcohol dependent
- Post menopausal weight gain
- Physical inactivity
What are the four lymph nodes present in the breasts?
Central axillary, lateral axillary, pectoral (anterior), subscapular (posterior)
How does drainage flow in the lymphatic system in the breasts?
Drainage flows from the central axillary lymph node to the supraclavicular and
infraclavicular nodes
What is Menarche?
The term for the first menstrual period.
What is Menopause?
The term referring to the end of menstruation
What are the signs and synonyms for Menopause?
Atrophy, Heat Flashes, and Mood Swings
,What is the cause for the signs and symptoms of Menopause?
The signs and symptoms of menopause (Atrophy, Heat Flashes, and Mood Swings)
are all due to a decrease in the hormone (estrogen and progesterone) level.
At what age should males typically begin Testicular Self-Exams (TSE)?
13-14 years old.
Briefly explain Testicular Self-Exams and the acronym (TSE):
T: Timing - Complete once a month
S: Shower - Perform the exam in the shower with warm water to relax the skin
E: Examine - Check for anything unusual and report them immediately
What is the Prostate Gland?
- Lies in front of the anterior wall of the rectum
- Smooth, elastic, and rubbery, located in a central sulcus
- should NOT feel firm
- palpable approximately 1 cm into the rectum
What is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men?
Prostate Cancer
What are the risk factors for Prostate Cancer?
- Family History/Genetics
- The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes
- Age
- Obesity
- Diet (high in red meats and dairy)
- African American descent (black men have a mortality rate of 2x)
At what age does screening for prostate cancer start?
45
What subjective data should be obtained in a breast health history?
Pain, swelling, discharge, unusual changes such as lumps, past medical history,
family history, medications, BSE/last mammogram
What subjective data should be obtained in a female genitourinary health
history?
, Menstrual history, OB history, sexual activity + contraceptive use, STI history or
contact, pelvic pain, trouble with urination, discharge
What subjective data should be obtained in a male genitourinary health
history?
Trouble with urination, rashes, bumps, lesions, sexual activity + contraceptive use,
STI history or contact, TSE
What are the components of a Complete Health History?
- Biographic Data
- Reason for seeking care
- HPI
- PMH
- Family History
- Review of Systems
- Functional Assessment
What are the three types of health histories?
Complete, Focused, and Episodic
What is obtained during a Complete Health History?
A total health history and a full physical examination
What is obtained during a Focused Health History?
A problem-centered health history and examination that targets a specific body
system(s)
What is obtained during an Episodic Health History?
An urgent collection of information with lifesaving measures
What is subjective data?
Symptoms: what the patient tells you
What is objective data?
Signs: what is observed or measured during physcial examination
What the types of Therapeutic Communication?
- Open-Ended questions
- Facilitation
How to perform a Breast Self-Exam?
- Lie down and use fingers to palpate in a circular motion (while applying
pressure) up and down along the breast
- Use a mirror
- Place hands on hips, or place hands above head to assess underarm
What are the primary risk factors for breast cancer?
- First degree relative
- Menarche before 12
- Menopause after 55
- Taking hormone supplements for more than 5 years
What are lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer?
- Alcohol dependent
- Post menopausal weight gain
- Physical inactivity
What are the four lymph nodes present in the breasts?
Central axillary, lateral axillary, pectoral (anterior), subscapular (posterior)
How does drainage flow in the lymphatic system in the breasts?
Drainage flows from the central axillary lymph node to the supraclavicular and
infraclavicular nodes
What is Menarche?
The term for the first menstrual period.
What is Menopause?
The term referring to the end of menstruation
What are the signs and synonyms for Menopause?
Atrophy, Heat Flashes, and Mood Swings
,What is the cause for the signs and symptoms of Menopause?
The signs and symptoms of menopause (Atrophy, Heat Flashes, and Mood Swings)
are all due to a decrease in the hormone (estrogen and progesterone) level.
At what age should males typically begin Testicular Self-Exams (TSE)?
13-14 years old.
Briefly explain Testicular Self-Exams and the acronym (TSE):
T: Timing - Complete once a month
S: Shower - Perform the exam in the shower with warm water to relax the skin
E: Examine - Check for anything unusual and report them immediately
What is the Prostate Gland?
- Lies in front of the anterior wall of the rectum
- Smooth, elastic, and rubbery, located in a central sulcus
- should NOT feel firm
- palpable approximately 1 cm into the rectum
What is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men?
Prostate Cancer
What are the risk factors for Prostate Cancer?
- Family History/Genetics
- The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes
- Age
- Obesity
- Diet (high in red meats and dairy)
- African American descent (black men have a mortality rate of 2x)
At what age does screening for prostate cancer start?
45
What subjective data should be obtained in a breast health history?
Pain, swelling, discharge, unusual changes such as lumps, past medical history,
family history, medications, BSE/last mammogram
What subjective data should be obtained in a female genitourinary health
history?
, Menstrual history, OB history, sexual activity + contraceptive use, STI history or
contact, pelvic pain, trouble with urination, discharge
What subjective data should be obtained in a male genitourinary health
history?
Trouble with urination, rashes, bumps, lesions, sexual activity + contraceptive use,
STI history or contact, TSE
What are the components of a Complete Health History?
- Biographic Data
- Reason for seeking care
- HPI
- PMH
- Family History
- Review of Systems
- Functional Assessment
What are the three types of health histories?
Complete, Focused, and Episodic
What is obtained during a Complete Health History?
A total health history and a full physical examination
What is obtained during a Focused Health History?
A problem-centered health history and examination that targets a specific body
system(s)
What is obtained during an Episodic Health History?
An urgent collection of information with lifesaving measures
What is subjective data?
Symptoms: what the patient tells you
What is objective data?
Signs: what is observed or measured during physcial examination
What the types of Therapeutic Communication?
- Open-Ended questions
- Facilitation
