WGU Introduction to Sociology - C273 Exam
Questions and Verified Answers 100%
1. Auguste Conte: Suggested we apply scientific method to social world, which is known as
Positivism
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to
function smoothly. (functional analysis)
2. Herbert Spencer: *Called 2nd founder of sociology
*disagreed with Conte, believed sociologists should not guide social reform
*societies are evolving from lower to higher form
*society's most capable and intelligent members service - the less capable die out
*fittest members produce a more advanced society "The survival of the fittest" or "Social
Darwinism" (credited to Darwin because he applied it to organisms.
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to
function smoothly. (functional analysis)
3. Karl Marx: *believed the engine of human history is class conflict
*society is made up of 2 classes
*economics is a central force in social change
*Bourgeoisie - capitalist own the means of production, money, land, factories and machines
*Proletariat - workers;
*workers will unite and bread their chains of bondage
*introduced Conflict Theory
*did not think of himself as a sociologist
,4. Bourgeoisie: Capitalists
they own the means of production - money, land, factories, and machines.
5. Proletariat: Workers
6. Emile Durkheim: *succeeded in getting sociology recognized as a separate
academic discipline
*how social forces affect peoples behavior
*Social Integration
when all parts of society full their part it is in a "normal" state, if they do not fulfill their
function it is in an "abnormal" or pathological state. (functional analysis)
7. Social Integration: Degree to which people are tied to their social groups.
People with weaker social ties are more likely to commit suicide
8. Applying Durkheim: Patterns of behavior or recurring patterns or events
9. Max Weber: *used cross culture and historical materials to trace the cause of social
change and how social groups affect peoples orientation to life
, *disagreed with Karl Marx
*Roman Catholics taught to hold on to tradition, protestant taught to embrace change
*Protestant ethic
10. Protestant Ethic: *looked for sign they were in Gods good grace
*financial success-live frugal lives, saving ant investing money "the spirit of capital- ism"
This brought about capitalism
11. Harriet Martineau: *did writings because women were to focus on church, cooking,
children and clothes
*early female sociologist
*viewed sociology as a path to reform and improve society (stop lynchings, integrate
immigrants, improve working conditions)
12. W.E.B. DuBois: black sociologist
13. Jane Adams: Sociologist and social reformer
*came from wealth and privilege
*founded Hull House with Ellen Gates Starr
14. C. Wright Mills: pushed sociologist to go back to push social reform
15. Basic (or pure) sociology: sociological research for the purpose of making
discoveries about life in human groups, not for making changes in those groups
16. Applied Sociology: the use of sociology to solve problems from classroom
integration and family relationships to crime and pollution
17. Public Sociology: applying sociology for the public good; especially sociolog- ical
perspective (how things relate to one another) to guide politicians and policy makers
18. Theory: general statement about how some parts of the world fit together and how they
work; an explanation of how 2 or more facts are related to one another
Questions and Verified Answers 100%
1. Auguste Conte: Suggested we apply scientific method to social world, which is known as
Positivism
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to
function smoothly. (functional analysis)
2. Herbert Spencer: *Called 2nd founder of sociology
*disagreed with Conte, believed sociologists should not guide social reform
*societies are evolving from lower to higher form
*society's most capable and intelligent members service - the less capable die out
*fittest members produce a more advanced society "The survival of the fittest" or "Social
Darwinism" (credited to Darwin because he applied it to organisms.
Viewed society as a living organism, similar to an animals body - must function together to
function smoothly. (functional analysis)
3. Karl Marx: *believed the engine of human history is class conflict
*society is made up of 2 classes
*economics is a central force in social change
*Bourgeoisie - capitalist own the means of production, money, land, factories and machines
*Proletariat - workers;
*workers will unite and bread their chains of bondage
*introduced Conflict Theory
*did not think of himself as a sociologist
,4. Bourgeoisie: Capitalists
they own the means of production - money, land, factories, and machines.
5. Proletariat: Workers
6. Emile Durkheim: *succeeded in getting sociology recognized as a separate
academic discipline
*how social forces affect peoples behavior
*Social Integration
when all parts of society full their part it is in a "normal" state, if they do not fulfill their
function it is in an "abnormal" or pathological state. (functional analysis)
7. Social Integration: Degree to which people are tied to their social groups.
People with weaker social ties are more likely to commit suicide
8. Applying Durkheim: Patterns of behavior or recurring patterns or events
9. Max Weber: *used cross culture and historical materials to trace the cause of social
change and how social groups affect peoples orientation to life
, *disagreed with Karl Marx
*Roman Catholics taught to hold on to tradition, protestant taught to embrace change
*Protestant ethic
10. Protestant Ethic: *looked for sign they were in Gods good grace
*financial success-live frugal lives, saving ant investing money "the spirit of capital- ism"
This brought about capitalism
11. Harriet Martineau: *did writings because women were to focus on church, cooking,
children and clothes
*early female sociologist
*viewed sociology as a path to reform and improve society (stop lynchings, integrate
immigrants, improve working conditions)
12. W.E.B. DuBois: black sociologist
13. Jane Adams: Sociologist and social reformer
*came from wealth and privilege
*founded Hull House with Ellen Gates Starr
14. C. Wright Mills: pushed sociologist to go back to push social reform
15. Basic (or pure) sociology: sociological research for the purpose of making
discoveries about life in human groups, not for making changes in those groups
16. Applied Sociology: the use of sociology to solve problems from classroom
integration and family relationships to crime and pollution
17. Public Sociology: applying sociology for the public good; especially sociolog- ical
perspective (how things relate to one another) to guide politicians and policy makers
18. Theory: general statement about how some parts of the world fit together and how they
work; an explanation of how 2 or more facts are related to one another
