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SPHU 1020 Test 1 Questions And Answers
100% Verified.
What is immunity? - Answers✔The resistance to disease, specifically infectious disease
What is the immune system? - Answers✔The collection of cells, tissues, and molecules that
mediate resistance to infection
What is immunology? - Answers✔The study of the immune system and its responses to invading
pathogens
What are the two major functions of immunity? - Answers✔Preventing infection/disease and
eradicating established infections
What are the primary (central) lymphoid organs? - Answers✔Bone marrow and thymus
What are the secondary (peripheral) lymphoid organs/tissue? - Answers✔Lymph nodes, spleen,
mucosal lymphoid tissue (tonsils, adenoids, Peyer's patches)
What is the function of the spleen? - Answers✔To "filter" blood, thus filtering blood-borne
organisms
What are antigens? - Answers✔Foreign, non-self substances (also the initiators and driving force
for all adaptive immune response)
All blood cells originate in the ________ as _______ (name of cells) - Answers✔Bone marrow;
stem cells
All cells of the immune system are derived from what two lineages? - Answers✔Lymphoid
lineage (B and T lymphocytes) and myeloid lineage (phagocytes)
The immune system must be able to differentiate between material that is _____ and _____. -
Answers✔Self; nonself
True or False: The innate and adaptive immune systems sometimes interact to perform some of
their functions. - Answers✔True
What are the three other names for innate immunity? - Answers✔Native, nonspecific, natural
What are the two other names for adaptive immunity? - Answers✔Specific, acquired
1
, ©FYNDLAY.
What is innate immunity? - Answers✔The initial immediate defense against invaders; it is
nonspecific and less effective; includes first two lines of defense
What is adaptive immunity? - Answers✔The later, more effective defense against infections
What are the two types of adaptive immunity? - Answers✔Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and
Humoral Immunity (Antibody-mediated Immunity)
What is the first line of defense? - Answers✔Epithelial barriers, specialized cells and substances
present in epithelia (they block entry of microbes)
What is the second line of defense? - Answers✔Phagocytes, natural killer cells; specifically
recognize and react against microbes but not against non-infectious foreign substances
What is a natural killer cell? - Answers✔A specialized, large granular lymphocyte in the second
line of defense (innate immunity)
T or F: Defects in the adaptive immune system result in decreased susceptibility to infections -
Answers✔False; increased
The external barriers of the first line of defense can be broken down into what three categories?
Provide examples. - Answers✔Anatomical (skin, mucous membranes), mechanical (cilia in
respiratory tract), physiological (lysozyme, low PH)
What are leukocytes? - Answers✔White blood cells in the second line of defense
What are the two leukocytes in the second line of defense and what do they perform? -
Answers✔Neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes; phagocytosis
Name the similarity and difference between monocytes and macrophages - Answers✔Both are
mononuclear phagocytes but monocytes are in the blood and macrophages are in the tissue
What are the two processes of the second line of defense? - Answers✔Phagocytosis
("indiscriminate engulfment") and immune surveillance (cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells)
T or F: Large granular lymphocytes are natural killer cells. - Answers✔True
What lineage is a macrophage from? - Answers✔Mononuclear phagocytic lineage; myeloid
lineage
Where are B cells educated ("differentiation")? - Answers✔Bone marrow
Where are the T cells educated? - Answers✔Thymus
What are the two components of education/lymphocyte maturation? - Answers✔Acquiring
specific lymphocyte receptors and eliminating cells that are "anti-self" during fetal development
2
SPHU 1020 Test 1 Questions And Answers
100% Verified.
What is immunity? - Answers✔The resistance to disease, specifically infectious disease
What is the immune system? - Answers✔The collection of cells, tissues, and molecules that
mediate resistance to infection
What is immunology? - Answers✔The study of the immune system and its responses to invading
pathogens
What are the two major functions of immunity? - Answers✔Preventing infection/disease and
eradicating established infections
What are the primary (central) lymphoid organs? - Answers✔Bone marrow and thymus
What are the secondary (peripheral) lymphoid organs/tissue? - Answers✔Lymph nodes, spleen,
mucosal lymphoid tissue (tonsils, adenoids, Peyer's patches)
What is the function of the spleen? - Answers✔To "filter" blood, thus filtering blood-borne
organisms
What are antigens? - Answers✔Foreign, non-self substances (also the initiators and driving force
for all adaptive immune response)
All blood cells originate in the ________ as _______ (name of cells) - Answers✔Bone marrow;
stem cells
All cells of the immune system are derived from what two lineages? - Answers✔Lymphoid
lineage (B and T lymphocytes) and myeloid lineage (phagocytes)
The immune system must be able to differentiate between material that is _____ and _____. -
Answers✔Self; nonself
True or False: The innate and adaptive immune systems sometimes interact to perform some of
their functions. - Answers✔True
What are the three other names for innate immunity? - Answers✔Native, nonspecific, natural
What are the two other names for adaptive immunity? - Answers✔Specific, acquired
1
, ©FYNDLAY.
What is innate immunity? - Answers✔The initial immediate defense against invaders; it is
nonspecific and less effective; includes first two lines of defense
What is adaptive immunity? - Answers✔The later, more effective defense against infections
What are the two types of adaptive immunity? - Answers✔Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and
Humoral Immunity (Antibody-mediated Immunity)
What is the first line of defense? - Answers✔Epithelial barriers, specialized cells and substances
present in epithelia (they block entry of microbes)
What is the second line of defense? - Answers✔Phagocytes, natural killer cells; specifically
recognize and react against microbes but not against non-infectious foreign substances
What is a natural killer cell? - Answers✔A specialized, large granular lymphocyte in the second
line of defense (innate immunity)
T or F: Defects in the adaptive immune system result in decreased susceptibility to infections -
Answers✔False; increased
The external barriers of the first line of defense can be broken down into what three categories?
Provide examples. - Answers✔Anatomical (skin, mucous membranes), mechanical (cilia in
respiratory tract), physiological (lysozyme, low PH)
What are leukocytes? - Answers✔White blood cells in the second line of defense
What are the two leukocytes in the second line of defense and what do they perform? -
Answers✔Neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes; phagocytosis
Name the similarity and difference between monocytes and macrophages - Answers✔Both are
mononuclear phagocytes but monocytes are in the blood and macrophages are in the tissue
What are the two processes of the second line of defense? - Answers✔Phagocytosis
("indiscriminate engulfment") and immune surveillance (cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells)
T or F: Large granular lymphocytes are natural killer cells. - Answers✔True
What lineage is a macrophage from? - Answers✔Mononuclear phagocytic lineage; myeloid
lineage
Where are B cells educated ("differentiation")? - Answers✔Bone marrow
Where are the T cells educated? - Answers✔Thymus
What are the two components of education/lymphocyte maturation? - Answers✔Acquiring
specific lymphocyte receptors and eliminating cells that are "anti-self" during fetal development
2
