©FYNDLAY.
NU431 Midterm Exam Study Guide.
Sepsis, fever, burns - Answers✔hypermetabolic states
acute renal failure - Answers✔example of catabolic state
chronic cardiac, pulmonary, or liver diseases - Answers✔conditions that may cause pt to be
malnoursished
preserves structure and function of digestion - Answers✔major benefit of enteral nutrition
unable to/cannot pass NG, leaking of gastric contents, UC, bowel obstruction, short bowel
syndrome - Answers✔contraindications to enteral therapy
paralytic ileus, diffuse peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, pancreatitis, GI ischemia, intractable
vomiting/diarrhea - Answers✔possible indications for parenteral therapy
threat to physical health, loss of control, foreign environment - Answers✔potential causes of
anxiety in an intensive care setting
encourage pt to express concerns, bring in personal items, explain all procedures,
pharmacological/CAM interventions - Answers✔ways nurses can mediate and reduce anxiety
sedation, head injury, delirium, encephalopathy, intubatoin - Answers✔reasons why ICU pts
may have impaired communication
NO - Answers✔is sedation pain medicine
70% - Answers✔percentage of ICU patients with moderate to severe unrelieved pain
sedation vacation - Answers✔daily weaning of sedating medications to see how patient tolerates
delirium - Answers✔a state of temporary but acute mental confusion
80% - Answers✔percent of patients in the ICU that experience delirium
advanced age, preexisting cognitive impairment, sensory impairment, drug/etoh abuse, sleep
deprivation, sensory overload, hemodynamic instability - Answers✔conditions that may increase
the likelihood of a patient experiencing delirium
frequent assessments, remove cause, avoid malnutrition, avoid use of physical restraints, dc all
unnecessary pt lines - Answers✔management of delirium in critically ill older adults
1
, ©FYNDLAY.
structure activities and rest periods, dim lights at night, limit noise, time medications/prns -
Answers✔management of sleep disruption in the ICU
locked in syndrome - Answers✔individual is aware and capable of thinking but is paralyzed and
cannot communicate
offer realistic hope, give honest answers and information, give reassurance - Answers✔guiding
principles when interacting with the critically ill adult's family
eight - Answers✔how many lives one organ donation may save
systemic infection, active cancer - Answers✔two automatic organ procurement rule outs
Buddhism, some sects of Islam - Answers✔religions that do not support organ donation
HOPE Act - Answers✔signed in 2015, allows individuals with hepatitis C infection to donate
their organs
GCS less than 5, evaluation for brain death, plan to withdraw care, severe neurologic injury is
confirmed (obvious head trauma, poor neurodiagnostics, MD determination of brain stem
reflexes) - Answers✔clinical triggers to contact OPO
organ procurement organization - Answers✔facilitate the organ donation process by assessing
in-hospital deaths for donor eligibility; consulting with families of potential donors; and
retrieving, preserving, and transporting organs for transplantation
first person authorization - Answers✔a person's legally binding decision to become an organ
and/or tissue donor after their death
15.5 - Answers✔age at which someone may authorize an FPA for organ donation (can be
overturned by a legal guardian until age 18)
MPOA, spouse, oldest adult child, parent, oldest living sibling - Answers✔chain of command for
consent for OPO
living donation - Answers✔organ donor is alive; can give 1 kidney, 1 lobe of the liver, 1 lung,
part of the pancreas/intestines, and tissue
donation after circulatory death - Answers✔pt does not meet criteria for brain death, but has poor
prognosis for meaningful existence, typically withdrawn from life support
five consecutive minutes - Answers✔how long a heart must be stopped after extubation for OPO
process to begin
2 hours - Answers✔timeframe within a patient must pass after extubation following cardiac
death to qualify for OPO
donation after brain death - Answers✔pt is determined to be brain dead with all other
possibilities ruled out (CNS depressants, tox screen clear, euthermic)
2
NU431 Midterm Exam Study Guide.
Sepsis, fever, burns - Answers✔hypermetabolic states
acute renal failure - Answers✔example of catabolic state
chronic cardiac, pulmonary, or liver diseases - Answers✔conditions that may cause pt to be
malnoursished
preserves structure and function of digestion - Answers✔major benefit of enteral nutrition
unable to/cannot pass NG, leaking of gastric contents, UC, bowel obstruction, short bowel
syndrome - Answers✔contraindications to enteral therapy
paralytic ileus, diffuse peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, pancreatitis, GI ischemia, intractable
vomiting/diarrhea - Answers✔possible indications for parenteral therapy
threat to physical health, loss of control, foreign environment - Answers✔potential causes of
anxiety in an intensive care setting
encourage pt to express concerns, bring in personal items, explain all procedures,
pharmacological/CAM interventions - Answers✔ways nurses can mediate and reduce anxiety
sedation, head injury, delirium, encephalopathy, intubatoin - Answers✔reasons why ICU pts
may have impaired communication
NO - Answers✔is sedation pain medicine
70% - Answers✔percentage of ICU patients with moderate to severe unrelieved pain
sedation vacation - Answers✔daily weaning of sedating medications to see how patient tolerates
delirium - Answers✔a state of temporary but acute mental confusion
80% - Answers✔percent of patients in the ICU that experience delirium
advanced age, preexisting cognitive impairment, sensory impairment, drug/etoh abuse, sleep
deprivation, sensory overload, hemodynamic instability - Answers✔conditions that may increase
the likelihood of a patient experiencing delirium
frequent assessments, remove cause, avoid malnutrition, avoid use of physical restraints, dc all
unnecessary pt lines - Answers✔management of delirium in critically ill older adults
1
, ©FYNDLAY.
structure activities and rest periods, dim lights at night, limit noise, time medications/prns -
Answers✔management of sleep disruption in the ICU
locked in syndrome - Answers✔individual is aware and capable of thinking but is paralyzed and
cannot communicate
offer realistic hope, give honest answers and information, give reassurance - Answers✔guiding
principles when interacting with the critically ill adult's family
eight - Answers✔how many lives one organ donation may save
systemic infection, active cancer - Answers✔two automatic organ procurement rule outs
Buddhism, some sects of Islam - Answers✔religions that do not support organ donation
HOPE Act - Answers✔signed in 2015, allows individuals with hepatitis C infection to donate
their organs
GCS less than 5, evaluation for brain death, plan to withdraw care, severe neurologic injury is
confirmed (obvious head trauma, poor neurodiagnostics, MD determination of brain stem
reflexes) - Answers✔clinical triggers to contact OPO
organ procurement organization - Answers✔facilitate the organ donation process by assessing
in-hospital deaths for donor eligibility; consulting with families of potential donors; and
retrieving, preserving, and transporting organs for transplantation
first person authorization - Answers✔a person's legally binding decision to become an organ
and/or tissue donor after their death
15.5 - Answers✔age at which someone may authorize an FPA for organ donation (can be
overturned by a legal guardian until age 18)
MPOA, spouse, oldest adult child, parent, oldest living sibling - Answers✔chain of command for
consent for OPO
living donation - Answers✔organ donor is alive; can give 1 kidney, 1 lobe of the liver, 1 lung,
part of the pancreas/intestines, and tissue
donation after circulatory death - Answers✔pt does not meet criteria for brain death, but has poor
prognosis for meaningful existence, typically withdrawn from life support
five consecutive minutes - Answers✔how long a heart must be stopped after extubation for OPO
process to begin
2 hours - Answers✔timeframe within a patient must pass after extubation following cardiac
death to qualify for OPO
donation after brain death - Answers✔pt is determined to be brain dead with all other
possibilities ruled out (CNS depressants, tox screen clear, euthermic)
2
