CSEP-CEP: Theory Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Solved | Latest Update
Metabolism - ✔✔Total energy expenditure of all cata/anabolic processes
(bodies ability to use fuel)
Measured by either direct (calorimetry chamber) or indirect (Douglas
bag/metabolic cart) calorimetry
Calorimetry = measure of energy expenditure (kcals = E to heat 1kg water
1°C)
Oxidation-Reduction Reaction - ✔✔- Are always *coupled reactions* (the
energy given off by the exergonic reaction powers the endergonic reaction)
- *Oxidation*: removing an electron
- *Reduction*: addition of an electron
1
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,- Often involve the *transfer of hydrogen atoms* rather than free electrons;
hydrogen atoms contain one electron and a molecule that loses a hydrogen
atom loses an electron and therefore is oxidized
Bioenergetics - ✔✔- The chemical processes of converting food into energy
(glycolysis, citric acid cycle, etc.)
- Formation of ATP
*3 Pathways*:
1. ATP-PCr or Anaerobic Alactic System
2. Glycolysis or Anaerobic Lactic System or Substrate Level
Phosphorylation
3. Aerobic System or Oxidative Phosphorylation or Cellular Respiration
(Beta Oxidation/Acetyl CoA, Citric Acid Cycle/Krebs Cycle, Electron
Transport Chain)
Enzymes:
1. Acetyl CoA
2. Krebs Cycle
2
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,3. Lactate --> Pyruvate
4. Glycolysis
5. ATP-PCr
6. Pyruvate --> Lactate
7. Electron Transport Chain - ✔✔1. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (PDH)
2. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Citrate Synthase, SDH
3. Lactate Dehydrogenase H (LDH-H)
4. Phosphofructokinase
5. Creatine Kinase
6. Lactate Dehydrogenase M (LDH-M)
7. Cytochrome Oxidase
ATP-PCr System (Anaerobic Alactic System) - ✔✔- *Exercise*: ATP + Cr --
> ADP + PCr
- *Rest* ADP + PCr --> ATP + Cr
- *Creatine Kinase* is the enzyme that catalysis the rephosphorylation of
ADP to ATP at rest
3
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, 1. Gluconeogenesis
2. Glycogenolysis
3. Glycolysis - ✔✔- The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate
sources such as lactate, glycerol or amino acids
- Breakdown of glycogen to glucose
- Breakdown of glucose to pyruvate
Glycolysis Energy Investment Phase - ✔✔1. Glucose phosphorylated by
ATP (ATP-->ADP) producing an activated molecule Glucose-6-
Phosphate(C6-P) (uses 1 ATP)
2. Rearranged to Fructose-6-Phosphate (C6-P);
Then a second phosphorylation giving you Fructose-1,6-B iphosphate (P-
C6-P) (uses 1 ATP)
Catalyzed by phosphofructokinase
3. The 6-C molecule split into two 3-C G3P (C3-P) molecules
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Answers 100% Solved | Latest Update
Metabolism - ✔✔Total energy expenditure of all cata/anabolic processes
(bodies ability to use fuel)
Measured by either direct (calorimetry chamber) or indirect (Douglas
bag/metabolic cart) calorimetry
Calorimetry = measure of energy expenditure (kcals = E to heat 1kg water
1°C)
Oxidation-Reduction Reaction - ✔✔- Are always *coupled reactions* (the
energy given off by the exergonic reaction powers the endergonic reaction)
- *Oxidation*: removing an electron
- *Reduction*: addition of an electron
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,- Often involve the *transfer of hydrogen atoms* rather than free electrons;
hydrogen atoms contain one electron and a molecule that loses a hydrogen
atom loses an electron and therefore is oxidized
Bioenergetics - ✔✔- The chemical processes of converting food into energy
(glycolysis, citric acid cycle, etc.)
- Formation of ATP
*3 Pathways*:
1. ATP-PCr or Anaerobic Alactic System
2. Glycolysis or Anaerobic Lactic System or Substrate Level
Phosphorylation
3. Aerobic System or Oxidative Phosphorylation or Cellular Respiration
(Beta Oxidation/Acetyl CoA, Citric Acid Cycle/Krebs Cycle, Electron
Transport Chain)
Enzymes:
1. Acetyl CoA
2. Krebs Cycle
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,3. Lactate --> Pyruvate
4. Glycolysis
5. ATP-PCr
6. Pyruvate --> Lactate
7. Electron Transport Chain - ✔✔1. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (PDH)
2. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Citrate Synthase, SDH
3. Lactate Dehydrogenase H (LDH-H)
4. Phosphofructokinase
5. Creatine Kinase
6. Lactate Dehydrogenase M (LDH-M)
7. Cytochrome Oxidase
ATP-PCr System (Anaerobic Alactic System) - ✔✔- *Exercise*: ATP + Cr --
> ADP + PCr
- *Rest* ADP + PCr --> ATP + Cr
- *Creatine Kinase* is the enzyme that catalysis the rephosphorylation of
ADP to ATP at rest
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, 1. Gluconeogenesis
2. Glycogenolysis
3. Glycolysis - ✔✔- The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate
sources such as lactate, glycerol or amino acids
- Breakdown of glycogen to glucose
- Breakdown of glucose to pyruvate
Glycolysis Energy Investment Phase - ✔✔1. Glucose phosphorylated by
ATP (ATP-->ADP) producing an activated molecule Glucose-6-
Phosphate(C6-P) (uses 1 ATP)
2. Rearranged to Fructose-6-Phosphate (C6-P);
Then a second phosphorylation giving you Fructose-1,6-B iphosphate (P-
C6-P) (uses 1 ATP)
Catalyzed by phosphofructokinase
3. The 6-C molecule split into two 3-C G3P (C3-P) molecules
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
