PEDIATRIC NURSING 10TH EDITION WONG’S ESSENTIALS
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK ACTUAL EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE DETAILED SOLUTIONS BY
MARILYN J. HOCKENBERRY –ALL CHAPTER 1-30
COVERED.COMPLETE DOCUMENT
A nurse is conducting an in-service on childhood gastrointestinal
disorders. Which statement is most descriptive of Meckel's
diverticulum?
a. It is more common in females than in males.
b. It is acquired during childhood.
c. Intestinal bleeding may be mild or profuse.
d. Medical interventions are usually sufficient to treat the problem.
ANS: C
Bloody stools are often a presenting sign of Meckel diverticulum. It is
associated with mild to profuse intestinal bleeding. It is twice as
common in males as in females, and complications are more frequent
in males. Meckel diverticulum is the most common congenital
malformation of the GI tract and is present in 1% to 4% of the general
population. The standard therapy is surgical removal of the
diverticulum.
Which pathogen is the viral pathogen that frequently causes acute
diarrhea in young children?
a. Giardia organisms
b. Shigella organisms
,c. Rotavirus
d.Salmonella organisms
ANS: C
Rotavirus is the most frequent viral pathogen that causes diarrhea in
young children. Giardia (parasite) and Salmonella an bacterial
pathogens that cause diarrhea. Shigella is a bacterial pathogen that is
uncommon in the United States.
The nurse is caring for a child admitted with acute abdominal pain and
possible appendicitis. Which is appropriate to relieve the abdominal
discomfort?
a. Place in Trendelenburg position.
b. Allow to assume the position of comfort.
c. Apply moist heat to the abdomen.
d. Administer a saline enema to cleanse the bowel.
ANS: B
The child should be allowed to take a comfortable position, usually with
the legs flexed. The Trendelenburg position will not help with the
discomfort. In any instance in which appendicitis is a possibility,
administering a laxative, enemas, or applying heat to the area is
dangerous. Such measures stimulate bowel motility and increase the
risk of perforation.
Which therapeutic management treatment is implemented for children
with Hirschsprung disease?
a. Daily enemas
b. Low-fiber diet
,c. Permanent colostomy
d. Surgical removal of the affected section of bowel
ANS: D
Most children with Hirschsprung disease require surgical rather than
medical management. Surgery is done to remove the aganglionic
portion of the bowel, relieve obstruction, and restore normal bowel
motility and function of the internal anal sphincter. Preoperative
management may include enemas and a low-fiber, high-calorie, high-
protein diet until the child is physically ready for surgery. The colostomy
that is created in Hirschsprung disease is usually temporary.
A 4-month-old infant has gastroesophageal reflux (GER) but is thriving
without other complications. Which should the nurse suggest to
minimize reflux?
a. Place in Trendelenburg position after eating.
b. Thicken formula with rice cereal.
c. Give continuous nasogastric tube feedings.
d. Give larger, less frequent feedings.
ANS: B
Small, frequent feedings of formula combined with 1 teaspoon to 1
tablespoon of rice cereal per ounce of formula have been
recommended. Milk-thickening agents have been shown to decrease
the number of episodes of vomiting and to increase the caloric density
of the formula. This may benefit infants who are underweight due to
GER disease. Placing the child in a Trendelenburg position would
increase reflux. Continuous nasogastric feedings are reserved for
infants with severe reflux and failure to thrive.
, Constipation has recently become a problem for a school-age girl. She
is healthy except for seasonal allergies that are being treated with
antihistamines. What should the nurse suspect caused the
constipation?
a. Diet
b. Allergies
c. Antihistamines
d. Emotional factor
Constipation may be associated with drugs such as antihistamines,
antacids, diuretics, opioids, antiepileptics, and iron. Because this is the
only known change in her habits, the addition of antihistamines is most
likely the cause of the diarrhea. With a change in bowel habits, the role
of any recently prescribed medications should be assessed.
Which clinical manifestation would be the most suggestive of acute
appendicitis?
a. Rebound tenderness
b. Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding
c. Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating
d. Abdominal pain that is most intense at McBurney point
ANS: D
Pain is the cardinal feature. It is initially generalized, usually
periumbilical. The pain localizes to the right lower quadrant at
McBurney Point. Rebound tenderness is not a reliable sign and is
extremely painful to the child. Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding
and abdominal pain that is relieved by eating are not signs of acute
appendicitis.
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK ACTUAL EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE DETAILED SOLUTIONS BY
MARILYN J. HOCKENBERRY –ALL CHAPTER 1-30
COVERED.COMPLETE DOCUMENT
A nurse is conducting an in-service on childhood gastrointestinal
disorders. Which statement is most descriptive of Meckel's
diverticulum?
a. It is more common in females than in males.
b. It is acquired during childhood.
c. Intestinal bleeding may be mild or profuse.
d. Medical interventions are usually sufficient to treat the problem.
ANS: C
Bloody stools are often a presenting sign of Meckel diverticulum. It is
associated with mild to profuse intestinal bleeding. It is twice as
common in males as in females, and complications are more frequent
in males. Meckel diverticulum is the most common congenital
malformation of the GI tract and is present in 1% to 4% of the general
population. The standard therapy is surgical removal of the
diverticulum.
Which pathogen is the viral pathogen that frequently causes acute
diarrhea in young children?
a. Giardia organisms
b. Shigella organisms
,c. Rotavirus
d.Salmonella organisms
ANS: C
Rotavirus is the most frequent viral pathogen that causes diarrhea in
young children. Giardia (parasite) and Salmonella an bacterial
pathogens that cause diarrhea. Shigella is a bacterial pathogen that is
uncommon in the United States.
The nurse is caring for a child admitted with acute abdominal pain and
possible appendicitis. Which is appropriate to relieve the abdominal
discomfort?
a. Place in Trendelenburg position.
b. Allow to assume the position of comfort.
c. Apply moist heat to the abdomen.
d. Administer a saline enema to cleanse the bowel.
ANS: B
The child should be allowed to take a comfortable position, usually with
the legs flexed. The Trendelenburg position will not help with the
discomfort. In any instance in which appendicitis is a possibility,
administering a laxative, enemas, or applying heat to the area is
dangerous. Such measures stimulate bowel motility and increase the
risk of perforation.
Which therapeutic management treatment is implemented for children
with Hirschsprung disease?
a. Daily enemas
b. Low-fiber diet
,c. Permanent colostomy
d. Surgical removal of the affected section of bowel
ANS: D
Most children with Hirschsprung disease require surgical rather than
medical management. Surgery is done to remove the aganglionic
portion of the bowel, relieve obstruction, and restore normal bowel
motility and function of the internal anal sphincter. Preoperative
management may include enemas and a low-fiber, high-calorie, high-
protein diet until the child is physically ready for surgery. The colostomy
that is created in Hirschsprung disease is usually temporary.
A 4-month-old infant has gastroesophageal reflux (GER) but is thriving
without other complications. Which should the nurse suggest to
minimize reflux?
a. Place in Trendelenburg position after eating.
b. Thicken formula with rice cereal.
c. Give continuous nasogastric tube feedings.
d. Give larger, less frequent feedings.
ANS: B
Small, frequent feedings of formula combined with 1 teaspoon to 1
tablespoon of rice cereal per ounce of formula have been
recommended. Milk-thickening agents have been shown to decrease
the number of episodes of vomiting and to increase the caloric density
of the formula. This may benefit infants who are underweight due to
GER disease. Placing the child in a Trendelenburg position would
increase reflux. Continuous nasogastric feedings are reserved for
infants with severe reflux and failure to thrive.
, Constipation has recently become a problem for a school-age girl. She
is healthy except for seasonal allergies that are being treated with
antihistamines. What should the nurse suspect caused the
constipation?
a. Diet
b. Allergies
c. Antihistamines
d. Emotional factor
Constipation may be associated with drugs such as antihistamines,
antacids, diuretics, opioids, antiepileptics, and iron. Because this is the
only known change in her habits, the addition of antihistamines is most
likely the cause of the diarrhea. With a change in bowel habits, the role
of any recently prescribed medications should be assessed.
Which clinical manifestation would be the most suggestive of acute
appendicitis?
a. Rebound tenderness
b. Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding
c. Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating
d. Abdominal pain that is most intense at McBurney point
ANS: D
Pain is the cardinal feature. It is initially generalized, usually
periumbilical. The pain localizes to the right lower quadrant at
McBurney Point. Rebound tenderness is not a reliable sign and is
extremely painful to the child. Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding
and abdominal pain that is relieved by eating are not signs of acute
appendicitis.
