Criminal Justice Today (CRJ-131-97)
Final Exam Study Guide
Which of the following is not a type of risk that judicial officers consider when making pretrial release
decisions?
Select one:
a.The risk that the defendant will fail to appear at a scheduled court appearance
b.The risk to public safety
c.The risk to the defendant of remaining in jail until trial
d.The risk of flight - Answer-The risk to the defendant of remaining in jail until trial
What is the main priority of justice reinvestment?
Select one:
a.Increasing the use of fines as a punishment to create a sustained revenue stream for the criminal
justice system
b.Expanding the use of mandatory sentencing policies
c.Developing an investment portfolio to eventually allow the criminal justice system to be self-
supporting
,d.Prioritizing the use of alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent offenders - Answer-Prioritizing the
use of alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent offenders
Which of the following is a characteristic of the social work model of probation and parole?
Select one:
a.Officers must be willing to report clients for new offenses or violations of release conditions.
b.Clients are "wards" who are controlled by probation and parole officers.
c.There is an emphasis on community protection.
d.Officers assist clients meet the conditions imposed upon them by their sentences. - Answer-Officers
assist clients meet the conditions imposed upon them by their sentences.
The emphasis on individual responsibility was a key characteristic of the ________ model.
Select one:
a.rehabilitative
b.medical
c.justice
d.evidence-based - Answer-justice
Which Supreme Court case signals a return to the hands-off doctrine of earlier times?
Select one:
a.Estelle v. Gamble
b.Wilson v. Seiter
c.Hudson v. Palmer
d.Cruz v. Beto - Answer-Wilson v. Seiter
In about two-thirds of all adjudicated delinquency cases, the judge decides to
,Select one:
a.place the juvenile on formal probation.
b.order the juvenile to pay restitution or participate in community service.
c.confine the juvenile in a secure institution.
d.order postadjudicatory review. - Answer-place the juvenile on formal probation.
Which of the following best typifies the public health generalist approach to drug policy in the U.S.?
Select one:
a.Drug use is a form of defiance of lawful authority and threatens the social fabric.
b.All controlled substances are potentially harmful.
c.Drug policy must balance the social costs of drug abuse and the costs of enforcement.
d.Drug-control policies are necessary to prevent the collapse of public order. - Answer-All controlled
substances are potentially harmful.
Which country does the U.S. Department of State consider to be the most active state sponsor of
terrorism?
Select one:
a.Iraq
b.Iran
c.Cuba
d.North Korea - Answer-Iran
Which of the following is an example of an early form of biometric technology used to identify
individuals?
Select one:
a.Voice authentication systems
b.Retinal scanning
, c.Body odor sniffers
d.Fingerprinting - Answer-Fingerprinting
Which biometric technique is considered nearly infallible from a scientific point of view and is
increasingly preferred by criminal justice experts as a method of identification?
Select one:
a.DNA analysis
b.Digital fingerprint analysis
c.Retinal scanning
d.Hand geometry - Answer-DNA analysis
Overall, approximately what percent of state criminal cases are resolved through plea bargaining?
Select one:
a.Almost 75 percent
b.Almost 50 percent
c.Almost 95 percent
d.Almost 85 percent - Answer-Almost 95%
In which case did the Supreme Court approve the separation of the determination of guilt from the
determination of the sentence?
Select one:
a.Furman v. Georgia
b.Wilkerson v. Utah
c.Gregg v. Georgia
d.Woodson v. North Carolina - Answer-Gregg v. Georgia
Final Exam Study Guide
Which of the following is not a type of risk that judicial officers consider when making pretrial release
decisions?
Select one:
a.The risk that the defendant will fail to appear at a scheduled court appearance
b.The risk to public safety
c.The risk to the defendant of remaining in jail until trial
d.The risk of flight - Answer-The risk to the defendant of remaining in jail until trial
What is the main priority of justice reinvestment?
Select one:
a.Increasing the use of fines as a punishment to create a sustained revenue stream for the criminal
justice system
b.Expanding the use of mandatory sentencing policies
c.Developing an investment portfolio to eventually allow the criminal justice system to be self-
supporting
,d.Prioritizing the use of alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent offenders - Answer-Prioritizing the
use of alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent offenders
Which of the following is a characteristic of the social work model of probation and parole?
Select one:
a.Officers must be willing to report clients for new offenses or violations of release conditions.
b.Clients are "wards" who are controlled by probation and parole officers.
c.There is an emphasis on community protection.
d.Officers assist clients meet the conditions imposed upon them by their sentences. - Answer-Officers
assist clients meet the conditions imposed upon them by their sentences.
The emphasis on individual responsibility was a key characteristic of the ________ model.
Select one:
a.rehabilitative
b.medical
c.justice
d.evidence-based - Answer-justice
Which Supreme Court case signals a return to the hands-off doctrine of earlier times?
Select one:
a.Estelle v. Gamble
b.Wilson v. Seiter
c.Hudson v. Palmer
d.Cruz v. Beto - Answer-Wilson v. Seiter
In about two-thirds of all adjudicated delinquency cases, the judge decides to
,Select one:
a.place the juvenile on formal probation.
b.order the juvenile to pay restitution or participate in community service.
c.confine the juvenile in a secure institution.
d.order postadjudicatory review. - Answer-place the juvenile on formal probation.
Which of the following best typifies the public health generalist approach to drug policy in the U.S.?
Select one:
a.Drug use is a form of defiance of lawful authority and threatens the social fabric.
b.All controlled substances are potentially harmful.
c.Drug policy must balance the social costs of drug abuse and the costs of enforcement.
d.Drug-control policies are necessary to prevent the collapse of public order. - Answer-All controlled
substances are potentially harmful.
Which country does the U.S. Department of State consider to be the most active state sponsor of
terrorism?
Select one:
a.Iraq
b.Iran
c.Cuba
d.North Korea - Answer-Iran
Which of the following is an example of an early form of biometric technology used to identify
individuals?
Select one:
a.Voice authentication systems
b.Retinal scanning
, c.Body odor sniffers
d.Fingerprinting - Answer-Fingerprinting
Which biometric technique is considered nearly infallible from a scientific point of view and is
increasingly preferred by criminal justice experts as a method of identification?
Select one:
a.DNA analysis
b.Digital fingerprint analysis
c.Retinal scanning
d.Hand geometry - Answer-DNA analysis
Overall, approximately what percent of state criminal cases are resolved through plea bargaining?
Select one:
a.Almost 75 percent
b.Almost 50 percent
c.Almost 95 percent
d.Almost 85 percent - Answer-Almost 95%
In which case did the Supreme Court approve the separation of the determination of guilt from the
determination of the sentence?
Select one:
a.Furman v. Georgia
b.Wilkerson v. Utah
c.Gregg v. Georgia
d.Woodson v. North Carolina - Answer-Gregg v. Georgia
