Med-Surg Hesi PN exam with answers
During |a |clinic |visit, |a |client |reports |to |the |practical |nurse |(PN) |that |they |felt |a |solid |mass |in |their |
breast |during |self-examination, |but |it |was |not |painful. |What |instruction |should |the |PN |reinforce |with |
the |client?
A. |Continue |to |monitor |the |mass |until |the |next |scheduled |annual |exam.
B. |Notify |the |PCP |if |the |mass |becomes |soft |or |painful |or |starts |to |drain.
C. |Schedule |an |appointment |with |the |PCP |for |evaluation
D. |Breast |masses |are |usually |insignificant |if |they |feel |soft |or |are |easily |moveable. |- |correct |answer |-c. |
Schedule |an |appointment |with |the |health |care |provider |for |evaluation.
A |painless |breast |mass |is |an |abnormal |finding, |and |the |PN |should |instruct |the |client |to |obtain |prompt
|medical |evaluation.
The |health |care |provider |informed |a |client |diagnosed |with |stage |4 |liver |cancer |that |the |cancer |has |
spread |to |their |spine. |The |client |states |to |the |practical |nurse, |"I |have |a |cancer, |but |it |is |not |
malignant." |What |is |the |best |initial |nursing |action?
A. |Encourage |the |client |to |attend |a |cancer |education |program
B. |Perform |a |complete |history |and |physical |assessment
C. |Ask |the |client |to |explain |his |understanding |of |the |term |malignancy.
D. |Offer |the |client |emotional |support |to |deal |with |the |diagnosis
Submit |- |correct |answer |-c. |Ask |the |client |to |explain |his |understanding |of |the |term |malignancy.
The |best |initial |action |is |to |assess |the |client's |knowledge |of |the |term |malignancy |when |used |to |
describe |cancer. |The |client |appears |to |have |inaccurate |knowledge. |Stage |4 |cancer |means |the |cancer |
has |spread |(metastasized) |from |where |it |has |started |to |another |body |part.
A |client |diagnosed |with |osteoarthritis. |Which |intervention |should |the |practical |nurse |implement |to |
help |relieve |joint |pain |and |stiffness?
,a. |Encourage |the |client |to |perform |weight-bearing |exercises.
b. |Teach |the |client |how |to |perform |range-of-motion |exercises.
c. |Explain |the |use |of |ice |and |massage |for |pain |relief.
d. |Instruct |the |client |to |take |an |analgesic |before |walking |daily |- |correct |answer |-d. |Instruct |the |client |
to |take |an |analgesic |before |walking |daily.
Adequate |pain |management |is |important |for |the |success |of |an |exercise |program. |Keeping |the |joints |
active |decreases |pain, |so |taking |an |analgesic |and |walking |daily |is |likely |to |help |decrease |joint |pain |
and |stiffness.
A |client |diagnosed |with |prostate |cancer |is |prescribed |radioactive |seed |implantation |(brachytherapy). |
What |is |the |most |important |nursing |action |for |the |practical |nurse |(PN) |to |do?
a. |Follow |radiation |exposure |precautions
b. |Encourage |regular |meals
c. |Collect |all |urine |in |sealed |containers
d. |Avoid |touching |the |client. |- |correct |answer |-a. |Follow |radiation |exposure |precautions.
Clients |being |treated |for |prostate |cancer |with |brachytherapy |(radioactive |seeds |implant) |should |be |
placed |on |radiation |exposure |precautions. |The |PN |needs |to |follow |the |institution's |protocols |put |in |
place |regarding |the |amount |of |time |and |distance |needed |to |prevent |excessive |exposure |that |would |
pose |a |hazard |to |others.
A |client |diagnosed |with |emphysema |that |is |oxygen-dependent |lives |alone |at |home |and |manages |self-
care |with |no |difficulty. |Which |finding |should |prompt |the |home |health |practical |nurse |to |consult |the |
registered |nurse |case |manager?
a. |A |pulse |oximetry |reading |of |91% |on |oxygen |at |2 |L/m
b. |A |weight |loss |of |5 |pounds |since |the |last |monthly |home |visit
c. |The |client |reports |feeling |as |tired |as |at |the |last |visit |by |the |nurse
,d. |Upon |entering |the |home, |the |PN |noticed |dirty |dishes |and |clothing |scattered |around |the |home. |- |
correct |answer |-b. |A |weight |loss |of |5 |pounds |since |the |last |monthly |home |visit
A |weight |loss |of |5 |pounds |in |1 |month |is |a |concern. |Clients |with |COPD |need |additional |calorie |intake |
because |they |are |using |up |a |lot |from |the |energy |they |are |using |to |breath. |The |practical |nurse |needs |
to |consult |with |the |registered |nurse |case |manager |for |a |nutrition |consult
The |nurse |has |reinforced |instructions |to |a |client |with |diabetes |mellitus |on |how |to |self-monitor |for |
symptoms |of |diabetic |ketoacidosis |(DKA). |The |nurse |realizes |the |instructions |have |been |effective |if |
the |client |can |list |which |symptoms? |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |Fruity |breath |odor
b. |Rapid, |weak |pulse
c. |Cold, |clammy |skin
d. |Extreme |thirst
e. |Urinary |frequency
f. |Protruding |eyeballs |- |correct |answer |-a. |Fruity |breath |odor
b. |Rapid, |weak |pulse
d. |Extreme |thirst
e. |Urinary |frequency
Diabetic |ketoacidosis |is |caused |by |a |profound |deficiency |of |insulin. |Some |common |characteristics |
include |a |sweet, |fruity |breath |odor, |a |rapid |weak |pulse, |extreme |thirst, |urinary |frequency, |and |
sunken-appearing |eyeballs.
A |client |mentions |using |garlic |daily |as |an |herb |to |lower |cholesterol |and |triglyceride |levels. |Which |
nursing |action |is |a |priority?
a. |Monitor |the |client |for |signs |of |bleeding.
b. |Instruct |the |client |that |garlic |tends |to |cause |hypertension.
c. |This |may |relieve |fever |in |the |same |way |that |acetaminophen |does.
, d. |Remind |the |patient |to |use |tooth |brushing |and |mouthwash |to |prevent |garlic |odor. |- |correct |answer
|-a. |Monitor |the |client |for |signs |of |bleeding.
Garlic |inhibits |platelet |aggregation |in |the |same |way |that |aspirin |works, |and |the |client |should |be |
monitored |for |bleeding. |Garlic |can |lower |the |blood |pressure, |not |raise |it. |It |does |not |relieve |fever. |
While |the |client |will |likely |want |to |avoid |garlic |odor, |it |is |not |a |priority.
The |practical |nurse |(PN) |is |reviewing |the |health |histories |of |assigned |clients. |Which |factors |have |a |
potential |for |development |of |throat |cancer? |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |Tobacco |use
b. |Excessive |intake |of |alcohol
c. |Intake |of |hot |and |spicy |foods
d. |Human |papillomavirus |(HPV)
e. |Lack |of |exercise
f. |Lack |of |dietary |fiber |- |correct |answer |-a. |Tobacco |use
b. |Excessive |intake |of |alcohol
d. |Human |papillomavirus |(HPV)
Rationale:
The |most |common |risk |factors |for |throat |cancer |are |tobacco |use, |alcohol |abuse, |human |
papillomavirus |(HPV), |a |diet |lacking |in |fruits |and |vegetable, |and |gastroesophageal |reflux |disease |
(GERD). |Foods |seasoned |with |herbs |and |spices |have |shown |to |have |some |health |benefits |in |
decreasing |the |risk |of |developing |cancer.
A |client |has |undergone |craniotomy |to |remove |a |brain |tumor. |The |client |spent |several |days |in |the |
intensive |care |unit, |and |is |now |on |the |post-surgical |unit. |The |nurse |has |urgently |contact |the |surgeon |
to |report |signs |of |increasing |intracranial |pressure |(ICP). |Which |was |the |most |likely |EARLY |sign |that |
the |client |was |experiencing |increased |ICP?
a. |The |client's |blood |pressure |dropped |from |128/70 |to |124/68, |preoperative |BP |122/72
b. |The |client |became |more |confused |than |he |was |upon |transfer |to |the |post-surgical |unit.
c. |The |client |had |a |large |amount |of |sanguineous |drainage |noted |on |the |gauze |dressings.
d. |The |client's |pulse |rate |had |increased |from |70 |to |82 |beats/min. |- |correct |answer |-b. |The |client |
became |more |confused |than |he |was |upon |transfer |to |the |post-surgical |unit.
Rationale:
During |a |clinic |visit, |a |client |reports |to |the |practical |nurse |(PN) |that |they |felt |a |solid |mass |in |their |
breast |during |self-examination, |but |it |was |not |painful. |What |instruction |should |the |PN |reinforce |with |
the |client?
A. |Continue |to |monitor |the |mass |until |the |next |scheduled |annual |exam.
B. |Notify |the |PCP |if |the |mass |becomes |soft |or |painful |or |starts |to |drain.
C. |Schedule |an |appointment |with |the |PCP |for |evaluation
D. |Breast |masses |are |usually |insignificant |if |they |feel |soft |or |are |easily |moveable. |- |correct |answer |-c. |
Schedule |an |appointment |with |the |health |care |provider |for |evaluation.
A |painless |breast |mass |is |an |abnormal |finding, |and |the |PN |should |instruct |the |client |to |obtain |prompt
|medical |evaluation.
The |health |care |provider |informed |a |client |diagnosed |with |stage |4 |liver |cancer |that |the |cancer |has |
spread |to |their |spine. |The |client |states |to |the |practical |nurse, |"I |have |a |cancer, |but |it |is |not |
malignant." |What |is |the |best |initial |nursing |action?
A. |Encourage |the |client |to |attend |a |cancer |education |program
B. |Perform |a |complete |history |and |physical |assessment
C. |Ask |the |client |to |explain |his |understanding |of |the |term |malignancy.
D. |Offer |the |client |emotional |support |to |deal |with |the |diagnosis
Submit |- |correct |answer |-c. |Ask |the |client |to |explain |his |understanding |of |the |term |malignancy.
The |best |initial |action |is |to |assess |the |client's |knowledge |of |the |term |malignancy |when |used |to |
describe |cancer. |The |client |appears |to |have |inaccurate |knowledge. |Stage |4 |cancer |means |the |cancer |
has |spread |(metastasized) |from |where |it |has |started |to |another |body |part.
A |client |diagnosed |with |osteoarthritis. |Which |intervention |should |the |practical |nurse |implement |to |
help |relieve |joint |pain |and |stiffness?
,a. |Encourage |the |client |to |perform |weight-bearing |exercises.
b. |Teach |the |client |how |to |perform |range-of-motion |exercises.
c. |Explain |the |use |of |ice |and |massage |for |pain |relief.
d. |Instruct |the |client |to |take |an |analgesic |before |walking |daily |- |correct |answer |-d. |Instruct |the |client |
to |take |an |analgesic |before |walking |daily.
Adequate |pain |management |is |important |for |the |success |of |an |exercise |program. |Keeping |the |joints |
active |decreases |pain, |so |taking |an |analgesic |and |walking |daily |is |likely |to |help |decrease |joint |pain |
and |stiffness.
A |client |diagnosed |with |prostate |cancer |is |prescribed |radioactive |seed |implantation |(brachytherapy). |
What |is |the |most |important |nursing |action |for |the |practical |nurse |(PN) |to |do?
a. |Follow |radiation |exposure |precautions
b. |Encourage |regular |meals
c. |Collect |all |urine |in |sealed |containers
d. |Avoid |touching |the |client. |- |correct |answer |-a. |Follow |radiation |exposure |precautions.
Clients |being |treated |for |prostate |cancer |with |brachytherapy |(radioactive |seeds |implant) |should |be |
placed |on |radiation |exposure |precautions. |The |PN |needs |to |follow |the |institution's |protocols |put |in |
place |regarding |the |amount |of |time |and |distance |needed |to |prevent |excessive |exposure |that |would |
pose |a |hazard |to |others.
A |client |diagnosed |with |emphysema |that |is |oxygen-dependent |lives |alone |at |home |and |manages |self-
care |with |no |difficulty. |Which |finding |should |prompt |the |home |health |practical |nurse |to |consult |the |
registered |nurse |case |manager?
a. |A |pulse |oximetry |reading |of |91% |on |oxygen |at |2 |L/m
b. |A |weight |loss |of |5 |pounds |since |the |last |monthly |home |visit
c. |The |client |reports |feeling |as |tired |as |at |the |last |visit |by |the |nurse
,d. |Upon |entering |the |home, |the |PN |noticed |dirty |dishes |and |clothing |scattered |around |the |home. |- |
correct |answer |-b. |A |weight |loss |of |5 |pounds |since |the |last |monthly |home |visit
A |weight |loss |of |5 |pounds |in |1 |month |is |a |concern. |Clients |with |COPD |need |additional |calorie |intake |
because |they |are |using |up |a |lot |from |the |energy |they |are |using |to |breath. |The |practical |nurse |needs |
to |consult |with |the |registered |nurse |case |manager |for |a |nutrition |consult
The |nurse |has |reinforced |instructions |to |a |client |with |diabetes |mellitus |on |how |to |self-monitor |for |
symptoms |of |diabetic |ketoacidosis |(DKA). |The |nurse |realizes |the |instructions |have |been |effective |if |
the |client |can |list |which |symptoms? |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |Fruity |breath |odor
b. |Rapid, |weak |pulse
c. |Cold, |clammy |skin
d. |Extreme |thirst
e. |Urinary |frequency
f. |Protruding |eyeballs |- |correct |answer |-a. |Fruity |breath |odor
b. |Rapid, |weak |pulse
d. |Extreme |thirst
e. |Urinary |frequency
Diabetic |ketoacidosis |is |caused |by |a |profound |deficiency |of |insulin. |Some |common |characteristics |
include |a |sweet, |fruity |breath |odor, |a |rapid |weak |pulse, |extreme |thirst, |urinary |frequency, |and |
sunken-appearing |eyeballs.
A |client |mentions |using |garlic |daily |as |an |herb |to |lower |cholesterol |and |triglyceride |levels. |Which |
nursing |action |is |a |priority?
a. |Monitor |the |client |for |signs |of |bleeding.
b. |Instruct |the |client |that |garlic |tends |to |cause |hypertension.
c. |This |may |relieve |fever |in |the |same |way |that |acetaminophen |does.
, d. |Remind |the |patient |to |use |tooth |brushing |and |mouthwash |to |prevent |garlic |odor. |- |correct |answer
|-a. |Monitor |the |client |for |signs |of |bleeding.
Garlic |inhibits |platelet |aggregation |in |the |same |way |that |aspirin |works, |and |the |client |should |be |
monitored |for |bleeding. |Garlic |can |lower |the |blood |pressure, |not |raise |it. |It |does |not |relieve |fever. |
While |the |client |will |likely |want |to |avoid |garlic |odor, |it |is |not |a |priority.
The |practical |nurse |(PN) |is |reviewing |the |health |histories |of |assigned |clients. |Which |factors |have |a |
potential |for |development |of |throat |cancer? |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |Tobacco |use
b. |Excessive |intake |of |alcohol
c. |Intake |of |hot |and |spicy |foods
d. |Human |papillomavirus |(HPV)
e. |Lack |of |exercise
f. |Lack |of |dietary |fiber |- |correct |answer |-a. |Tobacco |use
b. |Excessive |intake |of |alcohol
d. |Human |papillomavirus |(HPV)
Rationale:
The |most |common |risk |factors |for |throat |cancer |are |tobacco |use, |alcohol |abuse, |human |
papillomavirus |(HPV), |a |diet |lacking |in |fruits |and |vegetable, |and |gastroesophageal |reflux |disease |
(GERD). |Foods |seasoned |with |herbs |and |spices |have |shown |to |have |some |health |benefits |in |
decreasing |the |risk |of |developing |cancer.
A |client |has |undergone |craniotomy |to |remove |a |brain |tumor. |The |client |spent |several |days |in |the |
intensive |care |unit, |and |is |now |on |the |post-surgical |unit. |The |nurse |has |urgently |contact |the |surgeon |
to |report |signs |of |increasing |intracranial |pressure |(ICP). |Which |was |the |most |likely |EARLY |sign |that |
the |client |was |experiencing |increased |ICP?
a. |The |client's |blood |pressure |dropped |from |128/70 |to |124/68, |preoperative |BP |122/72
b. |The |client |became |more |confused |than |he |was |upon |transfer |to |the |post-surgical |unit.
c. |The |client |had |a |large |amount |of |sanguineous |drainage |noted |on |the |gauze |dressings.
d. |The |client's |pulse |rate |had |increased |from |70 |to |82 |beats/min. |- |correct |answer |-b. |The |client |
became |more |confused |than |he |was |upon |transfer |to |the |post-surgical |unit.
Rationale:
