©BRIGHTSTRS EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
MSE 201 Final Exam Study Guide
Ferrous Alloys - Answers✔steels and cast irons
nonferrous alloys - Answers✔Metal that contains little or no iron (e.g., nickel alloys, copper
alloys, titanium alloys, magnesium alloys, aluminum alloys, noble alloys, and refractory alloys).
Copper Alloys - Answers✔Brass: Zn is a subst. impurity, i.e. costume jewelry, coins, corrosion
resistant; Bronze: Sn, Al, Si, Ni are subst. impurities, i.e. brushings, landing gear; Cu-Be: preip.
hardened for strength
Magnesium Alloys - Answers✔very low density(1.7 g/cm^3); ignites easily, i.e. aircraft and
missiles.
Titanium Alloys - Answers✔relatively low density(4.5 g/cm^3) compared to Steel(7.9 g/cm^3);
reactive at high Temp., i.e. used in space applications.
Aluminum Alloys - Answers✔low density(2.7g/cm^3); Cu, Mg, Si, Mn, Zn additions; either
solid sln or precip. hardening, i.e. struct. aircraft parts and packaging.
Noble Alloys - Answers✔Ag, Au, Pt; oxidation/corrosion resistant
Refractory Alloys - Answers✔High melting Temp.; Nb, Mo, W, Ta
Cast Iron - Answers✔3-4.5 wt% C or >2.1 wt% C; brittle
Steel - Answers✔<1.4 wt% C; ductile
Different techniques to separate metals for recycling. - Answers✔Cryogenic Separation, Physical
Sorting, and Electrochemistry
Cryogenic Separation - Answers✔Uses the fact that copper remains ductile at cold temperatures
while steel becomes brittle. Then uses Charpy to remove Cu from other metals.
Physical Sorting - Answers✔Uses magnets to separate magnetic and nonmagnetic materials.
More specifically ferrous alloys. Uses Eddy Current method to separate non-ferrous alloys. This
method is based on the use of electromagnetic induction in conducting metals.
1
, ©BRIGHTSTRS EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Electrochemistry - Answers✔Uses electrolysis; Removal of Tin from Steel; Anode removes Tin
while cathode collects tin
Advantages of Ferrous Alloy - Answers✔Magnetic; Cheap; ease of processing
What is coke? - Answers✔superheated coal(pure carbon)
Limits of Ferrous Alloys - Answers✔High density; low electrical conductivity; poor corrosion
resistance
Most common types of ceramics - Answers✔NaCl(octahedral); ZnS(sphalerite; zinc blende;
tetrahedral); CsCl(cubic); Fluorite; Perovskite; Spinel
What is NaCl? - Answers✔n' = 4. Na1+ in the corners and faces. Cl1- in between Na atoms and
in the center. Octahedral structure.
What is Perovskite - Answers✔Ba2+ in simple cubic; Ti4+ in the center; O2- in the center of
each face. Cubic structure above 120 C. Has an Orthorhombic structure. n' = 1
What is Zinc Blende - Answers✔n' = 4. Zinc in FCC locations with four S2- atoms inside of the
lattice structure. Tetrahedral structure
What is Cesium Chloride? - Answers✔n' = 1. Cl- in simple cubic locations and Cs1+ in the
middle. Cubic Structure.
How is crystal structure determined - Answers✔rcation/ranion
Oxide Structures - Answers✔- oxygen anions larger than metal cations
- close packed oxygen in a lattice (usually FCC)
- cations fit into interstitial sites among oxygen ions
%ionic - Answers✔- depends on electronegativity
- %ionic = (1 - exp((-(xa - xb)^2)/4) * 100%
- large %IC = ionic bond
- small %IC = covalent bond
n' - Answers✔smallest # of atoms within the cell
Vacancies in ceramics - Answers✔- can be cations and anions
- Interstitial exists for cations and has not been observed for anions due to their size
Frenkel Defect - Answers✔a cation vacancy-cation interstitial pair
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
MSE 201 Final Exam Study Guide
Ferrous Alloys - Answers✔steels and cast irons
nonferrous alloys - Answers✔Metal that contains little or no iron (e.g., nickel alloys, copper
alloys, titanium alloys, magnesium alloys, aluminum alloys, noble alloys, and refractory alloys).
Copper Alloys - Answers✔Brass: Zn is a subst. impurity, i.e. costume jewelry, coins, corrosion
resistant; Bronze: Sn, Al, Si, Ni are subst. impurities, i.e. brushings, landing gear; Cu-Be: preip.
hardened for strength
Magnesium Alloys - Answers✔very low density(1.7 g/cm^3); ignites easily, i.e. aircraft and
missiles.
Titanium Alloys - Answers✔relatively low density(4.5 g/cm^3) compared to Steel(7.9 g/cm^3);
reactive at high Temp., i.e. used in space applications.
Aluminum Alloys - Answers✔low density(2.7g/cm^3); Cu, Mg, Si, Mn, Zn additions; either
solid sln or precip. hardening, i.e. struct. aircraft parts and packaging.
Noble Alloys - Answers✔Ag, Au, Pt; oxidation/corrosion resistant
Refractory Alloys - Answers✔High melting Temp.; Nb, Mo, W, Ta
Cast Iron - Answers✔3-4.5 wt% C or >2.1 wt% C; brittle
Steel - Answers✔<1.4 wt% C; ductile
Different techniques to separate metals for recycling. - Answers✔Cryogenic Separation, Physical
Sorting, and Electrochemistry
Cryogenic Separation - Answers✔Uses the fact that copper remains ductile at cold temperatures
while steel becomes brittle. Then uses Charpy to remove Cu from other metals.
Physical Sorting - Answers✔Uses magnets to separate magnetic and nonmagnetic materials.
More specifically ferrous alloys. Uses Eddy Current method to separate non-ferrous alloys. This
method is based on the use of electromagnetic induction in conducting metals.
1
, ©BRIGHTSTRS EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Electrochemistry - Answers✔Uses electrolysis; Removal of Tin from Steel; Anode removes Tin
while cathode collects tin
Advantages of Ferrous Alloy - Answers✔Magnetic; Cheap; ease of processing
What is coke? - Answers✔superheated coal(pure carbon)
Limits of Ferrous Alloys - Answers✔High density; low electrical conductivity; poor corrosion
resistance
Most common types of ceramics - Answers✔NaCl(octahedral); ZnS(sphalerite; zinc blende;
tetrahedral); CsCl(cubic); Fluorite; Perovskite; Spinel
What is NaCl? - Answers✔n' = 4. Na1+ in the corners and faces. Cl1- in between Na atoms and
in the center. Octahedral structure.
What is Perovskite - Answers✔Ba2+ in simple cubic; Ti4+ in the center; O2- in the center of
each face. Cubic structure above 120 C. Has an Orthorhombic structure. n' = 1
What is Zinc Blende - Answers✔n' = 4. Zinc in FCC locations with four S2- atoms inside of the
lattice structure. Tetrahedral structure
What is Cesium Chloride? - Answers✔n' = 1. Cl- in simple cubic locations and Cs1+ in the
middle. Cubic Structure.
How is crystal structure determined - Answers✔rcation/ranion
Oxide Structures - Answers✔- oxygen anions larger than metal cations
- close packed oxygen in a lattice (usually FCC)
- cations fit into interstitial sites among oxygen ions
%ionic - Answers✔- depends on electronegativity
- %ionic = (1 - exp((-(xa - xb)^2)/4) * 100%
- large %IC = ionic bond
- small %IC = covalent bond
n' - Answers✔smallest # of atoms within the cell
Vacancies in ceramics - Answers✔- can be cations and anions
- Interstitial exists for cations and has not been observed for anions due to their size
Frenkel Defect - Answers✔a cation vacancy-cation interstitial pair
2
