Fundamentals of
Business
Intelligen
ce
1
,Contents
Chapter 1...............................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Definition of Business Intelligence...............................................................................................4
1.2 Putting Business Intelligence into Context...................................................................................4
1.2.1 Business Intelligence Scenarios.............................................................................................4
1.2.2 Perspectives in Business Intelligence....................................................................................4
1.2.3 Business Intelligence Views on Business Processes..............................................................5
1.2.4 Goals of Business Intelligence...............................................................................................5
1.3 Business Intelligence: Tasks and Analysis Formats.......................................................................6
1.3.1 Data Task..............................................................................................................................6
1.3.2 Business and Data Understanding Task................................................................................6
1.3.3 Modeling Task.......................................................................................................................7
1.3.4 Analysis Task.........................................................................................................................8
1.3.5 Evaluation and Reporting Task..............................................................................................8
1.3.6 Analysis Formats...................................................................................................................9
Chapter 4...............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................9
4.2 Description and Visualization of Business Processes.................................................................10
4.2.1 Process Modeling and Layout.............................................................................................10
4.2.2 The BPM Tools’ Perspective................................................................................................10
4.2.4 Visualization of Further Aspects..........................................................................................11
4.2.5 Challenges in Visualizing Process-Related Information.......................................................11
4.3 Description and Visualization of Data in the Customer Perspective..........................................11
4.3.1 Principles for Description and Visualization of Collections of Process Instances................11
4.3.2 Interactive and Dynamic Visualization................................................................................12
4.4 Basic Visualization Techniques...................................................................................................12
4.4.1 Description and Visualization of Qualitative Information...................................................12
4.4.2 Description and Visualization of Quantitative Variables.....................................................14
4.4.3 Description and Visualization of Relationships...................................................................15
4.4.4 Description and Visualization of Temporal Data.................................................................15
4.4.5 Interactive and Dynamic Visualization................................................................................15
4.5.1 Description and Visualization of Metadata.........................................................................15
4.5.2 High-Level Reporting...........................................................................................................16
4.5.3 Infographics........................................................................................................................16
Chapter 8.............................................................................................................................................16
2
,8.4 Text Mining................................................................................................................................16
8.4.1 Introduction and Terminology............................................................................................16
8.4.2 Data Preparation and Modeling..........................................................................................17
8.4.3 Descriptive Analysis for the Document Term Matrix..........................................................18
8.4.4 Analysis Techniques for a Corpus........................................................................................18
8.4.5 Further Aspects of Text Mining...........................................................................................19
3
, Chapter 1
1.1 Definition of Business Intelligence
Business Intelligence features:
- Task: Providing decision support for specific goals defined in the context of business
activities in different domain are taking into account the organizational an institutional
framework.
- Foundation: BI decision support mainly relies on empirical information based on date.
- Realization: The decision support has to be realized as a system using the actual capabilities
in information and communication technologies (ICT).
- Delivery: Information at the right time to the right people in the appropriate form.
Decision support systems (DSS):
- Model-driven
- Data-driven
- Communication-driven
- Knowledge-driven
Kimball methodology Defines a life cycle for data warehouse solutions with dimensional
modeling as the core element.
1.2 Putting Business Intelligence into Context
Decision support is needed for businesses of different size and scope.
Size A classification of organization with respect to criteria such as number of employees,
regional dispersion, number of customers or revenues.
Scope Number of activities of the organization for which we look for decision support.
1.2.1 Business Intelligence Scenarios
Business model Reflects the strategy of an enterprise for creating value. Four scenarios that
link BI to the business context:
1. Business intelligence separated from strategic management.
2. BI supports monitoring of strategy performance.
3. BI feedback on strategy formulation.
4. BI as strategic resource.
Take into account specificities of the application, how many resources can be attributed to BI and
the availability of information.
1.2.2 Perspectives in Business Intelligence
Business process A collection of related and structured activities necessary for delivering a
certain good or service to customers together with possible response
activities of customer.
Three BI perspectives for the business process, which depend on the application domain, size and
scope of the business.:
- Production perspective
4
Business
Intelligen
ce
1
,Contents
Chapter 1...............................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Definition of Business Intelligence...............................................................................................4
1.2 Putting Business Intelligence into Context...................................................................................4
1.2.1 Business Intelligence Scenarios.............................................................................................4
1.2.2 Perspectives in Business Intelligence....................................................................................4
1.2.3 Business Intelligence Views on Business Processes..............................................................5
1.2.4 Goals of Business Intelligence...............................................................................................5
1.3 Business Intelligence: Tasks and Analysis Formats.......................................................................6
1.3.1 Data Task..............................................................................................................................6
1.3.2 Business and Data Understanding Task................................................................................6
1.3.3 Modeling Task.......................................................................................................................7
1.3.4 Analysis Task.........................................................................................................................8
1.3.5 Evaluation and Reporting Task..............................................................................................8
1.3.6 Analysis Formats...................................................................................................................9
Chapter 4...............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................9
4.2 Description and Visualization of Business Processes.................................................................10
4.2.1 Process Modeling and Layout.............................................................................................10
4.2.2 The BPM Tools’ Perspective................................................................................................10
4.2.4 Visualization of Further Aspects..........................................................................................11
4.2.5 Challenges in Visualizing Process-Related Information.......................................................11
4.3 Description and Visualization of Data in the Customer Perspective..........................................11
4.3.1 Principles for Description and Visualization of Collections of Process Instances................11
4.3.2 Interactive and Dynamic Visualization................................................................................12
4.4 Basic Visualization Techniques...................................................................................................12
4.4.1 Description and Visualization of Qualitative Information...................................................12
4.4.2 Description and Visualization of Quantitative Variables.....................................................14
4.4.3 Description and Visualization of Relationships...................................................................15
4.4.4 Description and Visualization of Temporal Data.................................................................15
4.4.5 Interactive and Dynamic Visualization................................................................................15
4.5.1 Description and Visualization of Metadata.........................................................................15
4.5.2 High-Level Reporting...........................................................................................................16
4.5.3 Infographics........................................................................................................................16
Chapter 8.............................................................................................................................................16
2
,8.4 Text Mining................................................................................................................................16
8.4.1 Introduction and Terminology............................................................................................16
8.4.2 Data Preparation and Modeling..........................................................................................17
8.4.3 Descriptive Analysis for the Document Term Matrix..........................................................18
8.4.4 Analysis Techniques for a Corpus........................................................................................18
8.4.5 Further Aspects of Text Mining...........................................................................................19
3
, Chapter 1
1.1 Definition of Business Intelligence
Business Intelligence features:
- Task: Providing decision support for specific goals defined in the context of business
activities in different domain are taking into account the organizational an institutional
framework.
- Foundation: BI decision support mainly relies on empirical information based on date.
- Realization: The decision support has to be realized as a system using the actual capabilities
in information and communication technologies (ICT).
- Delivery: Information at the right time to the right people in the appropriate form.
Decision support systems (DSS):
- Model-driven
- Data-driven
- Communication-driven
- Knowledge-driven
Kimball methodology Defines a life cycle for data warehouse solutions with dimensional
modeling as the core element.
1.2 Putting Business Intelligence into Context
Decision support is needed for businesses of different size and scope.
Size A classification of organization with respect to criteria such as number of employees,
regional dispersion, number of customers or revenues.
Scope Number of activities of the organization for which we look for decision support.
1.2.1 Business Intelligence Scenarios
Business model Reflects the strategy of an enterprise for creating value. Four scenarios that
link BI to the business context:
1. Business intelligence separated from strategic management.
2. BI supports monitoring of strategy performance.
3. BI feedback on strategy formulation.
4. BI as strategic resource.
Take into account specificities of the application, how many resources can be attributed to BI and
the availability of information.
1.2.2 Perspectives in Business Intelligence
Business process A collection of related and structured activities necessary for delivering a
certain good or service to customers together with possible response
activities of customer.
Three BI perspectives for the business process, which depend on the application domain, size and
scope of the business.:
- Production perspective
4
