NTA Midterm Review Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Solved | Rated A+
Define Nutrition - ✔✔Nutrition is a science:
Focused on the interaction between living organisms and their food.
Includes the study of biological processes used in consuming food and our
body's ability to use the nutrients contained in that food.
List the 6 Classes of Nutrients - ✔✔Water (macro)
Carbs (macro)
Proteins (macro)
Fats (macro)
Vitamins (micro)
Minerals (micro)
Explain the roles of water in the body - ✔✔Most abundant macronutrient
Transports nutrients
Improves oxygen delivery to cells
Cushions bones and joints
Lubricates joints
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Regulates body temperature
Removes waste
Explain the roles of proteins in the body - ✔✔Building blocks of many
tissues in the body
Enzymes- managers and catalysts for all biochemical processes
Antibodies- proteins that help fight infection
Hormones- proteins that regulate our metabolism and almost every function
in the body
Explain the roles of carbohydrates in the body - ✔✔Provide great source of
fiber
Source of fuel for brain and muscles
Needed for protein and fat metabolism
Help boost immune system
Explain the roles of fats in the body - ✔✔Makes your food taste better
Provides energy
Building blocks for cell membranes and hormones
Required for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins ADEK
Need fats to break down proteins
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Explain the roles of vitamins in the body - ✔✔Helpers of metabolism,
activates enzyme
Essential for growth, vitality and health
Helpful for digestion and elimination of waste
Helpful for the immune system and resistance to disease
Explain the roles of minerals in the body - ✔✔Act as co-factors for enzyme
reactions
Maintain pH balance in the body
Help maintain osmotic pressure across the membrane
Help facilitate transport of nutrients across the membrane
Maintain proper nerve function, contract and relax muscles
Describe the five major milestones that led to the "modern" diet. -
✔✔Agricultural Revolution:
We went from hunter-gatherers to cultivators. An abundance of food- didn't
help people's health but increased disease.
Introduction of refined sugar:
Went from people primarily consisting of proteins and fats to people
consuming sugar and carbs.
Industrial Revolution:
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Had the ability to mechanize the food processing industry. Foods no longer
were properly prepared, instead, they were adulterated.
Development of the food giants:
(late 1800s, early 1900s) With urbanization and factories centralizing
production, people moved off farms and into large urban areas. Impetus to
figure out ways to preserve foods - such as processing grains to keep for a
long period of time (e.g. milling out nutrients to keep insects from eating
them)
Describe Dr. Price's contributions to nutritional research. - ✔✔-Great
variety of diets are healthy. Certain dietary laws are inflexible and
unchangeable.
-We must get our fat soluble factors from animal sources
- Taught us to soak, sprout and ferment seeds, grains and nuts.
- Nobody used refined or denatured foods
- They had 4x as high in calcium, 10x fat soluble vitamins, and far healthier
teeth than modern diet.
- Animal products, including raw animal products, are great.
- Good salt was used, naturally collected
- Equal amounts omega 3 and omega 6
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
and Answers 100% Solved | Rated A+
Define Nutrition - ✔✔Nutrition is a science:
Focused on the interaction between living organisms and their food.
Includes the study of biological processes used in consuming food and our
body's ability to use the nutrients contained in that food.
List the 6 Classes of Nutrients - ✔✔Water (macro)
Carbs (macro)
Proteins (macro)
Fats (macro)
Vitamins (micro)
Minerals (micro)
Explain the roles of water in the body - ✔✔Most abundant macronutrient
Transports nutrients
Improves oxygen delivery to cells
Cushions bones and joints
Lubricates joints
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Regulates body temperature
Removes waste
Explain the roles of proteins in the body - ✔✔Building blocks of many
tissues in the body
Enzymes- managers and catalysts for all biochemical processes
Antibodies- proteins that help fight infection
Hormones- proteins that regulate our metabolism and almost every function
in the body
Explain the roles of carbohydrates in the body - ✔✔Provide great source of
fiber
Source of fuel for brain and muscles
Needed for protein and fat metabolism
Help boost immune system
Explain the roles of fats in the body - ✔✔Makes your food taste better
Provides energy
Building blocks for cell membranes and hormones
Required for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins ADEK
Need fats to break down proteins
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Explain the roles of vitamins in the body - ✔✔Helpers of metabolism,
activates enzyme
Essential for growth, vitality and health
Helpful for digestion and elimination of waste
Helpful for the immune system and resistance to disease
Explain the roles of minerals in the body - ✔✔Act as co-factors for enzyme
reactions
Maintain pH balance in the body
Help maintain osmotic pressure across the membrane
Help facilitate transport of nutrients across the membrane
Maintain proper nerve function, contract and relax muscles
Describe the five major milestones that led to the "modern" diet. -
✔✔Agricultural Revolution:
We went from hunter-gatherers to cultivators. An abundance of food- didn't
help people's health but increased disease.
Introduction of refined sugar:
Went from people primarily consisting of proteins and fats to people
consuming sugar and carbs.
Industrial Revolution:
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Had the ability to mechanize the food processing industry. Foods no longer
were properly prepared, instead, they were adulterated.
Development of the food giants:
(late 1800s, early 1900s) With urbanization and factories centralizing
production, people moved off farms and into large urban areas. Impetus to
figure out ways to preserve foods - such as processing grains to keep for a
long period of time (e.g. milling out nutrients to keep insects from eating
them)
Describe Dr. Price's contributions to nutritional research. - ✔✔-Great
variety of diets are healthy. Certain dietary laws are inflexible and
unchangeable.
-We must get our fat soluble factors from animal sources
- Taught us to soak, sprout and ferment seeds, grains and nuts.
- Nobody used refined or denatured foods
- They had 4x as high in calcium, 10x fat soluble vitamins, and far healthier
teeth than modern diet.
- Animal products, including raw animal products, are great.
- Good salt was used, naturally collected
- Equal amounts omega 3 and omega 6
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
