Marine Biology Exam 1 || with 100% Correct Answers.
What is marine biology? correct answers The study of life in the sea
A subsection of marine science
Oceanography correct answers •Geological Oceanography
•Physical Oceanography
•Chemical Oceanography
•Biological Oceanography
Why study marine science? correct answers • Diversity!
•71% of the Earth's surface is covered by the oceans
•Ocean makes up 99% of living space
• History!
•Life originated in the sea
-We still develop in water
• Resources!
-$20 trillion/year
Ancient Marine Science correct answers •Ancient migration routes
•Stone Age kitchen middens (165,000 BCE)
Shells
Hooks & harpoons
Jewelry
First marine biologist correct answers Aristotle (384-322 BCE)
-Cnidarians, Aristotle's Lantern (jaw structure of sea urchin), fish gills
Who was the first to circumnavigate the globe? correct answers Ferdinand Magellan (1519-1522)
Edward Forbes correct answers (1840s & 1850s)
Trawl seafloor around Britain and Greece
Challenger Expedition correct answers (1872-1876)
-Charles Wyville Thomson
-Mandate: gather physical, chemical, geological, and biological data from the oceans around the
world
-4,700 species discovered
-Most important oceanographic voyage
Marine Labs correct answers -Stazione Zoologica in Naples, Italy (1872)
-Hopkins Marine Station in Pacific Grove, CA (1892)
-oldest on west coast
-Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA (1888)
-World's largest
-Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, CA (1903)
, -Biggest on West Coast/ 2nd oldest on west
Modern Tools correct answers -Sonar (Sound Navigation and Ranging)
-SCUBA (Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus)
You can find trilobite and ammonite fossils in Utah, how is this possible? correct answers Utah
used to be a costal ocean during the Cambrian and we also had inland seas in Cretaceous.
Why does geology matter for marine biology? correct answers •Determines habitat type, sandy
beach vs. rocky beach, depth, location of land and sea.
The ocean basins correct answers -Pacific: largest, deepest
-Arctic: smallest, most shallow
-Atlantic & Indian: quite similar
-all connected, join together in southern ocean around Antarctica. Each contains unique life and
unique history.
Lithosphere correct answers rigid layer, crust & upper most mantle
-divided into pieces, tectonic plates
-floats on asthenosphere
Asthenosphere correct answers -Upper Mantle below Lithosphere
-Border between is relatively fluid
Oceanic crust correct answers Basalt (igneous), dense, thinner, geologically young, dark, rich in
iron and magnesium
Continental crust correct answers Granite, less dense, thicker, can be very old, light in color
-accumulates though accretion (sediment build up as ocean plate gets sub-ducted), volcanic
activity.
-when continent meets continent fusion and mountain formation happens.
Continental drift correct answers continents as pieces of a puzzle
-similar rock formations
-similar fossil species
Alfred Wegener's Hypothesis (1912) correct answers -Pangea
-Continents like ships plowing through oceanic crust
(incorrect mechanism)
Largely rejected, people knew that less dense continents couldn't plow through more dense
oceanic crust.
Mid-ocean ridge correct answers -Huge mountain ranges, zig-zag faults, a few volcanoes
associate with ridges
-sediments thinnest at ridges, thicken as move away
-new ocean floor being made at the ridge and being pushed to either side
What is marine biology? correct answers The study of life in the sea
A subsection of marine science
Oceanography correct answers •Geological Oceanography
•Physical Oceanography
•Chemical Oceanography
•Biological Oceanography
Why study marine science? correct answers • Diversity!
•71% of the Earth's surface is covered by the oceans
•Ocean makes up 99% of living space
• History!
•Life originated in the sea
-We still develop in water
• Resources!
-$20 trillion/year
Ancient Marine Science correct answers •Ancient migration routes
•Stone Age kitchen middens (165,000 BCE)
Shells
Hooks & harpoons
Jewelry
First marine biologist correct answers Aristotle (384-322 BCE)
-Cnidarians, Aristotle's Lantern (jaw structure of sea urchin), fish gills
Who was the first to circumnavigate the globe? correct answers Ferdinand Magellan (1519-1522)
Edward Forbes correct answers (1840s & 1850s)
Trawl seafloor around Britain and Greece
Challenger Expedition correct answers (1872-1876)
-Charles Wyville Thomson
-Mandate: gather physical, chemical, geological, and biological data from the oceans around the
world
-4,700 species discovered
-Most important oceanographic voyage
Marine Labs correct answers -Stazione Zoologica in Naples, Italy (1872)
-Hopkins Marine Station in Pacific Grove, CA (1892)
-oldest on west coast
-Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA (1888)
-World's largest
-Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, CA (1903)
, -Biggest on West Coast/ 2nd oldest on west
Modern Tools correct answers -Sonar (Sound Navigation and Ranging)
-SCUBA (Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus)
You can find trilobite and ammonite fossils in Utah, how is this possible? correct answers Utah
used to be a costal ocean during the Cambrian and we also had inland seas in Cretaceous.
Why does geology matter for marine biology? correct answers •Determines habitat type, sandy
beach vs. rocky beach, depth, location of land and sea.
The ocean basins correct answers -Pacific: largest, deepest
-Arctic: smallest, most shallow
-Atlantic & Indian: quite similar
-all connected, join together in southern ocean around Antarctica. Each contains unique life and
unique history.
Lithosphere correct answers rigid layer, crust & upper most mantle
-divided into pieces, tectonic plates
-floats on asthenosphere
Asthenosphere correct answers -Upper Mantle below Lithosphere
-Border between is relatively fluid
Oceanic crust correct answers Basalt (igneous), dense, thinner, geologically young, dark, rich in
iron and magnesium
Continental crust correct answers Granite, less dense, thicker, can be very old, light in color
-accumulates though accretion (sediment build up as ocean plate gets sub-ducted), volcanic
activity.
-when continent meets continent fusion and mountain formation happens.
Continental drift correct answers continents as pieces of a puzzle
-similar rock formations
-similar fossil species
Alfred Wegener's Hypothesis (1912) correct answers -Pangea
-Continents like ships plowing through oceanic crust
(incorrect mechanism)
Largely rejected, people knew that less dense continents couldn't plow through more dense
oceanic crust.
Mid-ocean ridge correct answers -Huge mountain ranges, zig-zag faults, a few volcanoes
associate with ridges
-sediments thinnest at ridges, thicken as move away
-new ocean floor being made at the ridge and being pushed to either side
