GMS 6530 FINAL EXAM WITH ANSWERS
Which of the following lists the valves in the order through which the blood flows from the
vena cava through the heart?
Tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar
Mitral, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar
Aortic semilunar, pulmonary semilunar, tricuspid, bicuspid
Bicuspid, aortic semilunar, tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar
Which chamber initially receives blood from the systemic circuit?
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Right ventricle - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔right atrium
In which septum is it normal to find openings in the adult?
interatrial septum
interventricular septum
atrioventricular septum - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔atrioventricular septum
Which portion of the ECG corresponds to repolarization of the atria?
,P wave
QRS complex
T wave
atrial repolarization is masked by ventricular depolarization - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔atrial repolarization is masked by ventricular depolarization
The cardiovascular centers are located in which area of the brain?
medulla oblongata
pons
mesencephalon (midbrain)
cerebrum - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔medulla oblongata
Which of the following is a negative inotrope?
Na+
K+
Ca2+
both Na+ and K+ - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔K+
In a healthy young adult, what happens to cardiac output when heart rate increases above
160 bpm?
It increases.
It decreases.
It remains constant.
There is no way to predict. - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔It decreases.
,The force the heart must overcome to pump blood is known as ________.
preload
afterload
cardiac output
stroke volume - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔afterload
The endothelium is found in the ________.
tunica interna
tunica media
tunica externa
lumen - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔tunica interna
Closer to the heart, arteries would be expected to have a higher percentage of ________.
endothelium
smooth muscle fibers
elastic fibers
collagenous fibers - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔elastic fibers
Which of the following best describes veins?
thick walled, small lumens, low pressure
thin walled, large lumens, low pressure
thin walled, small lumens, high pressure
, thick walled, large lumens, high pressure - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔thin walled, large
lumens, low pressure
Venoconstriction increases which of the following?
blood pressure within the vein
blood flow within the vein
return of blood to the heart
all of the above - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔all of the above
Would stroke volume be expected to be largest in a patient with high or low blood pressure,
everything else being equal?
High
Low - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Low
Which statement best describes the process of arteriosclerosis?
Buildup of plaques in blood vessels, restricting blood flow
Stiffening of blood vessels due to loss of elastic fibers - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔Stiffening of blood vessels due to loss of elastic fibers
If you were to drink a liter of cola, the increased blood pressure due to increased blood
volume would be detected by _______.
Chemoreceptors
Baroreceptors
Baroreflexes
Which of the following lists the valves in the order through which the blood flows from the
vena cava through the heart?
Tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar
Mitral, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar
Aortic semilunar, pulmonary semilunar, tricuspid, bicuspid
Bicuspid, aortic semilunar, tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar
Which chamber initially receives blood from the systemic circuit?
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Right ventricle - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔right atrium
In which septum is it normal to find openings in the adult?
interatrial septum
interventricular septum
atrioventricular septum - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔atrioventricular septum
Which portion of the ECG corresponds to repolarization of the atria?
,P wave
QRS complex
T wave
atrial repolarization is masked by ventricular depolarization - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔atrial repolarization is masked by ventricular depolarization
The cardiovascular centers are located in which area of the brain?
medulla oblongata
pons
mesencephalon (midbrain)
cerebrum - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔medulla oblongata
Which of the following is a negative inotrope?
Na+
K+
Ca2+
both Na+ and K+ - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔K+
In a healthy young adult, what happens to cardiac output when heart rate increases above
160 bpm?
It increases.
It decreases.
It remains constant.
There is no way to predict. - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔It decreases.
,The force the heart must overcome to pump blood is known as ________.
preload
afterload
cardiac output
stroke volume - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔afterload
The endothelium is found in the ________.
tunica interna
tunica media
tunica externa
lumen - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔tunica interna
Closer to the heart, arteries would be expected to have a higher percentage of ________.
endothelium
smooth muscle fibers
elastic fibers
collagenous fibers - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔elastic fibers
Which of the following best describes veins?
thick walled, small lumens, low pressure
thin walled, large lumens, low pressure
thin walled, small lumens, high pressure
, thick walled, large lumens, high pressure - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔thin walled, large
lumens, low pressure
Venoconstriction increases which of the following?
blood pressure within the vein
blood flow within the vein
return of blood to the heart
all of the above - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔all of the above
Would stroke volume be expected to be largest in a patient with high or low blood pressure,
everything else being equal?
High
Low - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Low
Which statement best describes the process of arteriosclerosis?
Buildup of plaques in blood vessels, restricting blood flow
Stiffening of blood vessels due to loss of elastic fibers - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS
**✔✔Stiffening of blood vessels due to loss of elastic fibers
If you were to drink a liter of cola, the increased blood pressure due to increased blood
volume would be detected by _______.
Chemoreceptors
Baroreceptors
Baroreflexes
