NR567 Final Exam Study Guide latest
update 2023
1.psychoactive drugs - ANSWER Chemicals that affect the nervous system and
result in altered consciousness. They can alter our perception, influence our moods,
call me later us down, make us feel more alert
2. Classification of psychoactive drugs - ANSWER Based on the effect they have
in the body. There are 4 groups
1. Depressants
2. Hallucinogens
3. Stimulants
4. Opiates
3 Depressants - ANSWER reduce activity of CNS, decrease HR, BP, slow
breathing, cause dizziness and lack or coordination and lower our processing speed
which affects how we act and react to the things that are going on around us
4 depressant drugs - ANSWER 1. Barbiturates - tranquilizers help sleep or calm
down; used in anesthesia or anticonvulsant.. have a high addition potential
2. Benzodiazepines- tx of insomnia, anxiety, seizures
3. Alcohol - decrease cognitive control and decrease inhibitions
5 stimulant drugs - ANSWER drugs that stimulate or excite the central nervous
system. Increase HR, BP, alertness, makes people jittery and nervous.
1. Caffeine - keep people awake
2. Amphetamines - Adderall
3. Metamphetamines - molly, MDMA or ecstasies
4. Cocaine
5. Nicotine
6 hallucinogens/psychedelics - ANSWER alter perception, distort sensory
experiences, feelings of connectives, rapid mood swings
LSD, mescaline, PCP, Ketamine
,7 Opiates/Opioids - ANSWER Opiates - natural opioids synthetic. Act as
depressants, decrease HR, BP, cause relaxation and induce sleep, they provide
analgesic effect
1. Morphine
2. Codeine
3. Heroine
4. Oxycodone
5. Vicodin
8 Which of the following medication should be given to the patient presenting to
the emergency department with an altered level of consciousness, seizures, or both,
if a concern of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome exists? - ANSWER Thiamine
(Vitamin B1)
9 Which of the following pharmaceutical agents is not recommended for treating
methanol poisoning? - ANSWER Disulfiram (Antabuse)
10 Which of the following pharmaceutical agents is the preferred anti-seizure
medication for a generalized seizure disorder in a 25-year-old pregnant female? -
ANSWER Topiramate (Topamax)
11 Which of the following is the least preferable initial treatment of choice for a
status epilepticus? - ANSWER Propofol (Diprivan)
12 Which of the following statements is not true? - ANSWER Sedative hypnotics
can be utilized as an anticonvulsant; zolpidem (Ambien) and lorazepam (Ativan)
are excellent options for managing seizures.
13 Your patient has been taking risperidone (Risperdal) but has developed
hyperprolactinemia. Which of the following may help manage hyperprolactinemia?
- ANSWER Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
14 ) 35 old female, with a long history of anxiety, treated with diazepam, has
increasingly become, fearful and anxious about the coronavirus pandemic and
triples her daily dose. She is fine extremely lethargic and obtunded two days after
the increase dosing. Which of the following pharmaceutical agents, should the
nurse practitioner order to treat her condition? - ANSWER Flumazenil
(Romazicon)
,15 A 25-year-old male with a history of bipolar disease presents to the emergency
department with acute agitation characteristic of mania. Nonpharmacological
methods of de-escalation have been attempted without success. Which of the
following is not recommended treat this patient. - ANSWER Naltrexone (vivitrol,
ReVia)
16 Which of the following is a long acting benzodiazepine that is used to treat
anxiety? - ANSWER Diazepam (Valium)
Acute dystonia can develop after early initiation of which of the following? -
ANSWER Haloperidol (Haldol)
17A patient is taking aminophylline for their COPD. The patient is about to
undergo emergency surgery and will receive a neuromuscular junction (NMJ)
blocker as part of the procedure. It is important for the nurse to take what
action?
Monitor the patient very closely for sign of early arousal and return of muscle
function.
18 The nurse is caring for a patient who is being maintained on a mechanical
ventilator. Atracurium is administered to limit the resistance to mechanical
ventilation. What is the nurse's priority assessment?
Bradycardia
19 The nurse is preparing a patient for surgery who will receive a
neuromuscular junction blocker during the procedure. It is important for the
nurse to review the patient's medication history for concurrent use of what?
Calcium channel blockers
20 An elderly patient has received a neuromuscular junction blocker during
surgery, What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?
Risk for impaired skin integrity
21 What are the primary uses of neuromuscular junction blockers (NMJ
blockers)?
To facilitate endotracheal intubation
To prevent injury during electroconvulsive therapy
To facilitate mechanical ventilation
, 22 The pharmacology instructor is discussing nondepolarizing neuromuscular
junction blockers (NMJ blockers) with the nursing class. How would the
instructor explain the action on nondepolarizing NMJ blockers?
Acts like Ach then prevents repolarization
23 According to the sliding filament theory, what is the initial action in a
muscle contraction?
Actin and myosin molecules react with each other sliding along the filament and
making it shorter.
24 A patient is to have surgery and it is planned that atracurium (Tracrium)
is to be used as an adjunct to general anesthesia. How will the atracurium
work?
Acts as an antagonist to acetylcholine
25 The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving pancuronium (Pavulon)
to facilitate mechanical ventilation. The patient is also receiving a barbiturate.
How will the nurse administer these two medications?
If given together, a precipitate may form.
26 The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for abdominal surgery in
the morning and is scheduled to receive rocuronium (Zemuron). The patient
asks the nurse to describe the adverse effects of rocuronium. What would the
nurse describe for the patient?
This drug is associated with pulmonary hypertension
27 The PACU nurse is caring for a patient that had succinylcholine (Anectine)
as an adjunct to anesthesia. What is the nurse's priority assessment while
caring for this patient?
Temperature
28 The nurse is caring for a patient scheduled for abdominal surgery in the
morning. The patient confides that they watched a movie last week about
someone who had surgery and the anesthetic did not work but no one knew
because that patient could not move, What nursing diagnosis will the nurse
include in this patient's plan of care?
Fear related to paralysis
29 The nurse is caring for a patient in the intensive care unit who has been
receiving neuromuscular junction (NMJ) blockers, sedatives, and analgesics
update 2023
1.psychoactive drugs - ANSWER Chemicals that affect the nervous system and
result in altered consciousness. They can alter our perception, influence our moods,
call me later us down, make us feel more alert
2. Classification of psychoactive drugs - ANSWER Based on the effect they have
in the body. There are 4 groups
1. Depressants
2. Hallucinogens
3. Stimulants
4. Opiates
3 Depressants - ANSWER reduce activity of CNS, decrease HR, BP, slow
breathing, cause dizziness and lack or coordination and lower our processing speed
which affects how we act and react to the things that are going on around us
4 depressant drugs - ANSWER 1. Barbiturates - tranquilizers help sleep or calm
down; used in anesthesia or anticonvulsant.. have a high addition potential
2. Benzodiazepines- tx of insomnia, anxiety, seizures
3. Alcohol - decrease cognitive control and decrease inhibitions
5 stimulant drugs - ANSWER drugs that stimulate or excite the central nervous
system. Increase HR, BP, alertness, makes people jittery and nervous.
1. Caffeine - keep people awake
2. Amphetamines - Adderall
3. Metamphetamines - molly, MDMA or ecstasies
4. Cocaine
5. Nicotine
6 hallucinogens/psychedelics - ANSWER alter perception, distort sensory
experiences, feelings of connectives, rapid mood swings
LSD, mescaline, PCP, Ketamine
,7 Opiates/Opioids - ANSWER Opiates - natural opioids synthetic. Act as
depressants, decrease HR, BP, cause relaxation and induce sleep, they provide
analgesic effect
1. Morphine
2. Codeine
3. Heroine
4. Oxycodone
5. Vicodin
8 Which of the following medication should be given to the patient presenting to
the emergency department with an altered level of consciousness, seizures, or both,
if a concern of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome exists? - ANSWER Thiamine
(Vitamin B1)
9 Which of the following pharmaceutical agents is not recommended for treating
methanol poisoning? - ANSWER Disulfiram (Antabuse)
10 Which of the following pharmaceutical agents is the preferred anti-seizure
medication for a generalized seizure disorder in a 25-year-old pregnant female? -
ANSWER Topiramate (Topamax)
11 Which of the following is the least preferable initial treatment of choice for a
status epilepticus? - ANSWER Propofol (Diprivan)
12 Which of the following statements is not true? - ANSWER Sedative hypnotics
can be utilized as an anticonvulsant; zolpidem (Ambien) and lorazepam (Ativan)
are excellent options for managing seizures.
13 Your patient has been taking risperidone (Risperdal) but has developed
hyperprolactinemia. Which of the following may help manage hyperprolactinemia?
- ANSWER Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
14 ) 35 old female, with a long history of anxiety, treated with diazepam, has
increasingly become, fearful and anxious about the coronavirus pandemic and
triples her daily dose. She is fine extremely lethargic and obtunded two days after
the increase dosing. Which of the following pharmaceutical agents, should the
nurse practitioner order to treat her condition? - ANSWER Flumazenil
(Romazicon)
,15 A 25-year-old male with a history of bipolar disease presents to the emergency
department with acute agitation characteristic of mania. Nonpharmacological
methods of de-escalation have been attempted without success. Which of the
following is not recommended treat this patient. - ANSWER Naltrexone (vivitrol,
ReVia)
16 Which of the following is a long acting benzodiazepine that is used to treat
anxiety? - ANSWER Diazepam (Valium)
Acute dystonia can develop after early initiation of which of the following? -
ANSWER Haloperidol (Haldol)
17A patient is taking aminophylline for their COPD. The patient is about to
undergo emergency surgery and will receive a neuromuscular junction (NMJ)
blocker as part of the procedure. It is important for the nurse to take what
action?
Monitor the patient very closely for sign of early arousal and return of muscle
function.
18 The nurse is caring for a patient who is being maintained on a mechanical
ventilator. Atracurium is administered to limit the resistance to mechanical
ventilation. What is the nurse's priority assessment?
Bradycardia
19 The nurse is preparing a patient for surgery who will receive a
neuromuscular junction blocker during the procedure. It is important for the
nurse to review the patient's medication history for concurrent use of what?
Calcium channel blockers
20 An elderly patient has received a neuromuscular junction blocker during
surgery, What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?
Risk for impaired skin integrity
21 What are the primary uses of neuromuscular junction blockers (NMJ
blockers)?
To facilitate endotracheal intubation
To prevent injury during electroconvulsive therapy
To facilitate mechanical ventilation
, 22 The pharmacology instructor is discussing nondepolarizing neuromuscular
junction blockers (NMJ blockers) with the nursing class. How would the
instructor explain the action on nondepolarizing NMJ blockers?
Acts like Ach then prevents repolarization
23 According to the sliding filament theory, what is the initial action in a
muscle contraction?
Actin and myosin molecules react with each other sliding along the filament and
making it shorter.
24 A patient is to have surgery and it is planned that atracurium (Tracrium)
is to be used as an adjunct to general anesthesia. How will the atracurium
work?
Acts as an antagonist to acetylcholine
25 The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving pancuronium (Pavulon)
to facilitate mechanical ventilation. The patient is also receiving a barbiturate.
How will the nurse administer these two medications?
If given together, a precipitate may form.
26 The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for abdominal surgery in
the morning and is scheduled to receive rocuronium (Zemuron). The patient
asks the nurse to describe the adverse effects of rocuronium. What would the
nurse describe for the patient?
This drug is associated with pulmonary hypertension
27 The PACU nurse is caring for a patient that had succinylcholine (Anectine)
as an adjunct to anesthesia. What is the nurse's priority assessment while
caring for this patient?
Temperature
28 The nurse is caring for a patient scheduled for abdominal surgery in the
morning. The patient confides that they watched a movie last week about
someone who had surgery and the anesthetic did not work but no one knew
because that patient could not move, What nursing diagnosis will the nurse
include in this patient's plan of care?
Fear related to paralysis
29 The nurse is caring for a patient in the intensive care unit who has been
receiving neuromuscular junction (NMJ) blockers, sedatives, and analgesics
