Community Health Exam 1|102
Accurate Q’s and A’s
Jennifer is a community health nurse in a large metropolitan area. According
to the American Nurses Association's Code of Ethics (2001), community
health nurses must align themselves with public health programs that
promote and preserve the health of populations by influencing:
A. socioeconomic issues.
B. psychosocial issues.
C. sociocultural issues.
D. developmental issues. - -C. Sociocultural Issues
The Code of Ethics of the American Nurses Association (2001) promotes
social reform by focusing on health policy and legislation to positively affect
accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. Community health nurses must
align themselves with public health programs that promote and preserve the
health of populations by influencing sociocultural issues, such as human
rights, homelessness, violence, and stigma of illness. Directing care toward
socioeconomic issues, psychosocial issues, or developmental issues focuses
on individuals, families, or groups, which in turn contributes to the health of
the total population.
- Mary is a nursing student doing her senior project in community health.
Part of her assignment is to conduct an activity that illustrates "social health"
within a group in her community. The most appropriate activity for Mary to
organize would be a:
A. neighborhood block party.
B. food bank in a local church.
C. community yard sale.
D. school fundraiser for the school band. - -B. Food bank in a local church
Social health is a positive interaction among groups with an emphasis on
health promotion and illness prevention. The correct choice is a food bank in
a local church because a food program alleviates problems with hunger and
nutrition that affect health. The other options do not relate to health.
- It has been estimated that individual behaviors and environmental factors
are responsible for what percentage of all premature deaths in the United
States?
A. 20%
B. 40%
C. 50%
D. 70% - -C. 50%
According to Orleans and Cassidy (2011), 50% of all premature deaths in the
United States are a result of individual behaviors and environmental factors.
According to Mokdad, Marks, Stroup, and Gerberding (2004), tobacco use
,leads the list of "actual causes of death" at almost 20% of annual deaths in
the United States.
- Early public health nurse Lillian Wald and her associates were successful in
addressing health and disease in the immigrant community by:
A. supporting political activities to improve social and environmental
conditions of immigrant families.
B. administering bedside nursing care to immigrants and their families.
C. teaching the immigrant family members to provide health care in the
home.
D. obtaining and administering medications to the immigrants and their
family members. - -A. Supporting political activities to improve social and
environmental conditions of immigrant families
These early public health nurses saw that neither administering bedside
clinical nursing, including obtaining and administering medication, nor
teaching family members to deliver care in the home adequately addressed
the true determinants of health and disease. They resolved that collective
political activity should focus on advancing the health of aggregates and
improving social and environmental conditions by addressing the social and
environmental determinants of health. Wald and her colleagues (1971)
impacted the health of the community by organizing the community,
establishing school nursing, and taking impoverished mothers to testify in
Washington, DC.
- Disease prevention activities protect people from disease and the effects
of disease. An example of primary disease prevention is:
A. teaching people with diabetes how to prevent complications.
B. administering vaccines to children before kindergarten.
C. checking the skin of farm workers for signs of skin cancer.
D. identifying and testing individuals exposed to someone with tuberculosis.
- -B. Administering vaccines to children before kindergarten
Primary prevention activities prevent a problem before it occurs; an
immunization is given to prevent a disease before it occurs. Secondary
prevention refers to early detection and prompt intervention during the
period of early disease pathogenesis, such as checking the skin for signs of
skin cancer or identifying and treating individuals who have been exposed to
contagious diseases. Aims of tertiary prevention are to keep health problems
from getting worse, reduce the effects of disease and injury, and restore
individuals to their optimal level of functioning. Examples of tertiary
prevention include teaching prevention of complications from disease or
referring a patient with a stroke for rehabilitation.
- Every 10 years, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
publishes a national prevention initiative titled Healthy People. One of the
new objectives for Healthy People 2020 is to:
A. achieve access to preventive services of all Americans.
,B. improve the nation's ability to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and
recover from a major health incident.
C. reduce health disparities among Americans
D. increase independence of older Americans. - -B. Improve the nation's
ability to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from a major health
incident
One of the new objectives for Healthy People 2020 focuses on preparedness
for major health incidents. Achieving access to preventive services of all
Americans and reducing health disparities among Americans were goals of
Healthy People 2000, and increasing the independence of older Americans
was a goal of the original 1979 Healthy People version.
- Which of the following is an example of "community health nursing" rather
than "community-based nursing"?
A. An RN assisting a doctor in a pediatrician's office
B. An RN visiting a home-bound patient to monitor for congestive heart
failure
C. An RN reviewing school clinic records to determine which children are not
up to date on their immunizations
D. An RN dispensing medications in a nursing home - -C. An RN reviewing
school clinic records to determine which children are not up to date on their
immunizations
"Community health nursing" focuses on groups of people, with the primary
responsibility being the population as a whole (as with a school). Care
typically focuses on health promotion and illness prevention, such as the
nurse who reviews school clinic records to determine which children are not
up to date on their immunizations. "Community-based nursing" is setting
specific and emphasizes care to individuals, often in homes and ambulatory
clinics, and typically addresses acute and chronic health conditions. The
other options are examples of nurses providing care to individuals.
- Which of the following entities strives to improve the health of all the
public by promoting healthy lifestyles, preventing disease and injury, and
protecting the health of communities?
A. Managed care organizations (MCOs)
B. Medicare
C. Public health system
D. Affordable Care Act - -C. Public Health System
The Public health system strives to improve the health of entire populations
by promoting healthy lifestyles, preventing disease and injury, and
protecting the health of communities. Although MCOs and government
financing entities (Medicare and Medicaid) focus on the health of their
clients, they do not focus on the community and population in general. The
focus of the Affordable Care Act is to mandate health insurance for
individuals.
, - A variety of health indicators are used by health providers, policy makers,
and community health nurses to measure the health of the community.
Indicators that illustrate the health status of a community and may be useful
in analyzing health patterns over time include: (Select all that apply.)
A. morbidity.
B. mortality.
C. birth rates.
D. life expectancy.
E. cancer incidence rates. - -A, B, D, and E
Some of the more commonly reported health indicators used by health
providers, policy makers, and community health nurses to measure the
health of the community are life expectancy, infant mortality, age-adjusted
death rates, and cancer incidence rates. Birth rates do not provide relative
data to measure the health of a community.
- Public health efforts focus on prevention and promotion of population
health. The local level of the health care system provides direct services to
community members through community and personal health services. An
example of a health service that targets the larger community, rather than
individuals, is: (Select all that apply.)
A. providing well-infant care.
B. a mobile immunization clinic.
C. condemning or repairing unsafe housing.
D. encouraging family planning.
E. airing a weekly public service announcement to remind women to do
breast self-examination. - -B, C, and E
A mobile immunization clinic, repairing unsafe housing, and airing weekly
public service announcements all target the larger population of a
community. Providing well-infant care and encouraging family planning
target individuals.
- In which of the following historical ages would people have had an
increased risk for contracting salmonella, anthrax, Q fever, or tuberculosis
from the proximity of domesticated animals and herds?
A. Hunting and gathering stage
B. Settled village stage
C. Preindustrial cities stage
D. Industrial cities stage - -B. Settled village stage
During the settled village stage of the Mesolithic period and Neolithic period,
people became sedentary, formed villages, and domesticated herds of
animals. They lived in close proximity to the animals and contracted diseases
such as salmonella, anthrax, Q fever, and so forth because of cross-
contamination of water and food supply. In the hunting and gathering stage,
groups may have avoided many contagious diseases because the scattered
aggregates were small, nomadic, and separated from other aggregates. In
the preindustrial stage, large urban centers formed to support the expanding
Accurate Q’s and A’s
Jennifer is a community health nurse in a large metropolitan area. According
to the American Nurses Association's Code of Ethics (2001), community
health nurses must align themselves with public health programs that
promote and preserve the health of populations by influencing:
A. socioeconomic issues.
B. psychosocial issues.
C. sociocultural issues.
D. developmental issues. - -C. Sociocultural Issues
The Code of Ethics of the American Nurses Association (2001) promotes
social reform by focusing on health policy and legislation to positively affect
accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. Community health nurses must
align themselves with public health programs that promote and preserve the
health of populations by influencing sociocultural issues, such as human
rights, homelessness, violence, and stigma of illness. Directing care toward
socioeconomic issues, psychosocial issues, or developmental issues focuses
on individuals, families, or groups, which in turn contributes to the health of
the total population.
- Mary is a nursing student doing her senior project in community health.
Part of her assignment is to conduct an activity that illustrates "social health"
within a group in her community. The most appropriate activity for Mary to
organize would be a:
A. neighborhood block party.
B. food bank in a local church.
C. community yard sale.
D. school fundraiser for the school band. - -B. Food bank in a local church
Social health is a positive interaction among groups with an emphasis on
health promotion and illness prevention. The correct choice is a food bank in
a local church because a food program alleviates problems with hunger and
nutrition that affect health. The other options do not relate to health.
- It has been estimated that individual behaviors and environmental factors
are responsible for what percentage of all premature deaths in the United
States?
A. 20%
B. 40%
C. 50%
D. 70% - -C. 50%
According to Orleans and Cassidy (2011), 50% of all premature deaths in the
United States are a result of individual behaviors and environmental factors.
According to Mokdad, Marks, Stroup, and Gerberding (2004), tobacco use
,leads the list of "actual causes of death" at almost 20% of annual deaths in
the United States.
- Early public health nurse Lillian Wald and her associates were successful in
addressing health and disease in the immigrant community by:
A. supporting political activities to improve social and environmental
conditions of immigrant families.
B. administering bedside nursing care to immigrants and their families.
C. teaching the immigrant family members to provide health care in the
home.
D. obtaining and administering medications to the immigrants and their
family members. - -A. Supporting political activities to improve social and
environmental conditions of immigrant families
These early public health nurses saw that neither administering bedside
clinical nursing, including obtaining and administering medication, nor
teaching family members to deliver care in the home adequately addressed
the true determinants of health and disease. They resolved that collective
political activity should focus on advancing the health of aggregates and
improving social and environmental conditions by addressing the social and
environmental determinants of health. Wald and her colleagues (1971)
impacted the health of the community by organizing the community,
establishing school nursing, and taking impoverished mothers to testify in
Washington, DC.
- Disease prevention activities protect people from disease and the effects
of disease. An example of primary disease prevention is:
A. teaching people with diabetes how to prevent complications.
B. administering vaccines to children before kindergarten.
C. checking the skin of farm workers for signs of skin cancer.
D. identifying and testing individuals exposed to someone with tuberculosis.
- -B. Administering vaccines to children before kindergarten
Primary prevention activities prevent a problem before it occurs; an
immunization is given to prevent a disease before it occurs. Secondary
prevention refers to early detection and prompt intervention during the
period of early disease pathogenesis, such as checking the skin for signs of
skin cancer or identifying and treating individuals who have been exposed to
contagious diseases. Aims of tertiary prevention are to keep health problems
from getting worse, reduce the effects of disease and injury, and restore
individuals to their optimal level of functioning. Examples of tertiary
prevention include teaching prevention of complications from disease or
referring a patient with a stroke for rehabilitation.
- Every 10 years, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
publishes a national prevention initiative titled Healthy People. One of the
new objectives for Healthy People 2020 is to:
A. achieve access to preventive services of all Americans.
,B. improve the nation's ability to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and
recover from a major health incident.
C. reduce health disparities among Americans
D. increase independence of older Americans. - -B. Improve the nation's
ability to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from a major health
incident
One of the new objectives for Healthy People 2020 focuses on preparedness
for major health incidents. Achieving access to preventive services of all
Americans and reducing health disparities among Americans were goals of
Healthy People 2000, and increasing the independence of older Americans
was a goal of the original 1979 Healthy People version.
- Which of the following is an example of "community health nursing" rather
than "community-based nursing"?
A. An RN assisting a doctor in a pediatrician's office
B. An RN visiting a home-bound patient to monitor for congestive heart
failure
C. An RN reviewing school clinic records to determine which children are not
up to date on their immunizations
D. An RN dispensing medications in a nursing home - -C. An RN reviewing
school clinic records to determine which children are not up to date on their
immunizations
"Community health nursing" focuses on groups of people, with the primary
responsibility being the population as a whole (as with a school). Care
typically focuses on health promotion and illness prevention, such as the
nurse who reviews school clinic records to determine which children are not
up to date on their immunizations. "Community-based nursing" is setting
specific and emphasizes care to individuals, often in homes and ambulatory
clinics, and typically addresses acute and chronic health conditions. The
other options are examples of nurses providing care to individuals.
- Which of the following entities strives to improve the health of all the
public by promoting healthy lifestyles, preventing disease and injury, and
protecting the health of communities?
A. Managed care organizations (MCOs)
B. Medicare
C. Public health system
D. Affordable Care Act - -C. Public Health System
The Public health system strives to improve the health of entire populations
by promoting healthy lifestyles, preventing disease and injury, and
protecting the health of communities. Although MCOs and government
financing entities (Medicare and Medicaid) focus on the health of their
clients, they do not focus on the community and population in general. The
focus of the Affordable Care Act is to mandate health insurance for
individuals.
, - A variety of health indicators are used by health providers, policy makers,
and community health nurses to measure the health of the community.
Indicators that illustrate the health status of a community and may be useful
in analyzing health patterns over time include: (Select all that apply.)
A. morbidity.
B. mortality.
C. birth rates.
D. life expectancy.
E. cancer incidence rates. - -A, B, D, and E
Some of the more commonly reported health indicators used by health
providers, policy makers, and community health nurses to measure the
health of the community are life expectancy, infant mortality, age-adjusted
death rates, and cancer incidence rates. Birth rates do not provide relative
data to measure the health of a community.
- Public health efforts focus on prevention and promotion of population
health. The local level of the health care system provides direct services to
community members through community and personal health services. An
example of a health service that targets the larger community, rather than
individuals, is: (Select all that apply.)
A. providing well-infant care.
B. a mobile immunization clinic.
C. condemning or repairing unsafe housing.
D. encouraging family planning.
E. airing a weekly public service announcement to remind women to do
breast self-examination. - -B, C, and E
A mobile immunization clinic, repairing unsafe housing, and airing weekly
public service announcements all target the larger population of a
community. Providing well-infant care and encouraging family planning
target individuals.
- In which of the following historical ages would people have had an
increased risk for contracting salmonella, anthrax, Q fever, or tuberculosis
from the proximity of domesticated animals and herds?
A. Hunting and gathering stage
B. Settled village stage
C. Preindustrial cities stage
D. Industrial cities stage - -B. Settled village stage
During the settled village stage of the Mesolithic period and Neolithic period,
people became sedentary, formed villages, and domesticated herds of
animals. They lived in close proximity to the animals and contracted diseases
such as salmonella, anthrax, Q fever, and so forth because of cross-
contamination of water and food supply. In the hunting and gathering stage,
groups may have avoided many contagious diseases because the scattered
aggregates were small, nomadic, and separated from other aggregates. In
the preindustrial stage, large urban centers formed to support the expanding
