NIGHTINGALE SCI 225 PRACTICE EXAM
Questions and Answers Latest Versions
2024 GRADE A+
1. Pathogenisis: The matter of development of a disease
2. sequel: pathological condition resulting from a prior disease, injury, or attack
3. etiology: the science and study of the causes or origins of disease
4. idiopathic: any disease that is of uncertain or unknown origin may be termed
5. congenital: a condition that is presented at birth, whether or not it is inherited
6. Metabolic Degenerative: can happen when abnormal chemical reaction in the
,body alter the normal metabolic process. it can also be defined as inherited single
gene anomaly, most of which are autosomal recessive.
7. traumatic: injury is a term which refers to physical injuries of sudden onset and
severity which require immediate medical attention.
8. Cell- mediated immunity: an immune response that does not involve antibod-
ies, but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic
t-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen.
9. humoral immunity: the aspect of immunity that is mediated by macro mol-
ecules found in extracellular fluids such as secreted antibodies, complement
proteins, and certain antimicrobial peptides
10. hypersensitivity 1: local allergy, occurring rapidly, where the allergen encoun-
ters the body. IgE
, 11. hypersensitivity 2: called cytotoxic because IgM or IgG causes the destruc-
tion of cells. (incompatible blood transfusion)
12. hypersensitivity 3: immune complex hypersensitivity. (tissue deposition)
13. hypersensitivity 4: called delayed type. as the reaction takes several days to
develop. not antibody-mediated, its cell mediated response (dermatitis, tuberculin
skin test reactions.)
14. Anti-fungal drugs: designed to break down the fungus membrane to kill the
fungus
15. rubella virus: contagious disease. a mild illness with low grade fever, sore
throat, and rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body. rubella
can cause a miscarriage or serious birth defects in a developing baby if a woman
is infected while she is pregnant. best protection=MMR vaccine
16. Osteosarcoma: most common type of cancer that develops in bone.
17. tumor markers: detect first time cancer and cancer relapses. check for anti-
gens/antibodies. shows normal healthy cells too
Questions and Answers Latest Versions
2024 GRADE A+
1. Pathogenisis: The matter of development of a disease
2. sequel: pathological condition resulting from a prior disease, injury, or attack
3. etiology: the science and study of the causes or origins of disease
4. idiopathic: any disease that is of uncertain or unknown origin may be termed
5. congenital: a condition that is presented at birth, whether or not it is inherited
6. Metabolic Degenerative: can happen when abnormal chemical reaction in the
,body alter the normal metabolic process. it can also be defined as inherited single
gene anomaly, most of which are autosomal recessive.
7. traumatic: injury is a term which refers to physical injuries of sudden onset and
severity which require immediate medical attention.
8. Cell- mediated immunity: an immune response that does not involve antibod-
ies, but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic
t-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen.
9. humoral immunity: the aspect of immunity that is mediated by macro mol-
ecules found in extracellular fluids such as secreted antibodies, complement
proteins, and certain antimicrobial peptides
10. hypersensitivity 1: local allergy, occurring rapidly, where the allergen encoun-
ters the body. IgE
, 11. hypersensitivity 2: called cytotoxic because IgM or IgG causes the destruc-
tion of cells. (incompatible blood transfusion)
12. hypersensitivity 3: immune complex hypersensitivity. (tissue deposition)
13. hypersensitivity 4: called delayed type. as the reaction takes several days to
develop. not antibody-mediated, its cell mediated response (dermatitis, tuberculin
skin test reactions.)
14. Anti-fungal drugs: designed to break down the fungus membrane to kill the
fungus
15. rubella virus: contagious disease. a mild illness with low grade fever, sore
throat, and rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body. rubella
can cause a miscarriage or serious birth defects in a developing baby if a woman
is infected while she is pregnant. best protection=MMR vaccine
16. Osteosarcoma: most common type of cancer that develops in bone.
17. tumor markers: detect first time cancer and cancer relapses. check for anti-
gens/antibodies. shows normal healthy cells too
