Calcium Channel Blockers Review Questions and Complete Solutions

True or False; All Calcium Channel Blockers are racemic mixtures? False diltiazem & nifedipine are not ALL the other currently available CCB's are administered as racemic mixtures What are the three chemical structure classification? Phenylalkylamines, Benzothiazepines, 1,4-Dihydropyridines What classifications/drugs are called Non-dihydropyridine agents? Phenylalkylamines: Verapamil & Benzothiazepines: Diltiazem List the 1,4-Dihydropyridines? (-dipine) Nifedipine, Nicardipine, Nimodipine, Felodipine, Isradipine, Nisoldipine, Amlodipine Clevidipine What type to Calcium Channels do all CCB's work on? (what subunit?) Slow "L-Type" calcium channels channel (at the α1 subunit) Note: ALL CCB's bind to their own unique receptor site What is the Non-dihydropyridine mechanism of action? Inhibit the transmembrane influx of calcium ions into the SA/AV nodal tissue especially at the AV node, also in the arterial vascular smooth muscle. [mostly Myocardium] What adverse effects are specific to Non-dihydropyridine agents?