GI Board Review test Questions with solutions
(100%)verified
1. Gut tube epithelium & glands derive from-CORRECT ANSWER- Endoderm
2. Liver, pancreas, trachea derive from-CORRECT ANSWER- Endoderm
3. Parietal mesoderm-CORRECT ANSWER- A subtype of the lateral mesoderm
Gives rise to serous membrane that lines abdominal, thoracic cavity (p arietal pleural,
peritoneal, pericardial membrane), soft tissues of arms, legs
4. Visceral mesoderm-CORRECT ANSWER- A subtype of the lateral mesoderm
Gives rise to serous membrane that lines various organs (visceral pl eural, peri-
toneal, pericardial membrane), the muscular wall of gut, heart, atory system
circul
5. Foregut-CORRECT ANSWER- Mouth to Ampulla of Vater (Duodenum)
6. What develops from the foregut-CORRECT
ANSWER- Trachea/LungsLiver
Pancreas
Gallbladde
r ut
7. Esophagus/Trachea Development-CORRECT ANSWER- Lung d""buds" off from
foreg
• This structure is called the "Respiratory diverticulum" or "lung bu
Tracheoesophageal septum divides lung bud from the esophagus
8. Esophageal Atresia Presentation-CORRECT ANSWER- Esophagus does not
connect to stomach
• Polyhydramnios (baby cannot swallow fluid)
• Drooling, choking, vomiting (accumulation secretions)
• Cannot pass NG tube into stomach
,If there is a Fistula connecting esophagus ’ trachea, present with-CORRECT
ANSWER-
• Gastric distension (air in stomach on CXR)
• Reflux ’ aspiration pneumonia ’ respiratory distress
9. Esophageal Atresia Pathogenesis-CORRECT ANSWER- Abnormal
tracheoesophageal septum de-velopment ’ pathology
• Esophageal atresia (closed esophagus)
• Occurs when septum deviates posteriorly
10. Esophageal atresia Treatment-CORRECT ANSWER- Surgical repair
11. Pancreas derives from-CORRECT ANSWER- Foregut
12. Pancreas Development-CORRECT ANSWER- Ventral pancreatic bud
contributes to uncinateprocess and main pancreatic duct.
,The dorsal pancreatic bud alone becomes the body, tail, isthmus, and accessory
pancreatic duct.
Both the ventral and dorsal buds contribute to pancreatic head
13. Annular Pancreas-CORRECT ANSWER- Developmental ncreas forms
malformation in which the paa ring around the duodenum->
encircles 2nd part of duodenum
• May cause duodenal narrowing/obstruction and vomiting
14. Pancreas Divisum-CORRECT ANSWER- Ventral and dorsal parts fail to fuse
8 weeks.
•Common anomaly; mostly asymptomatic, but may cause chronic minal pain
abdoand/or pancreatitis
• Pancreas then drains using two separate ducts-CORRECT ANSWER-
• Accessory (dorsal) duct drains majority of pancreas
• Second ventral duct persists
15. Spleen Development-CORRECT ANSWER- Arises from dorsal mesodermal
tissue of stomach
• Not from endoderm!
Stomach rotates during development resulting in ’ spleen on left
sideSpleen retaines connection to stomach
• Gastrosplenic (gastrolienal) ligament
• Carries short gastric arteries, left gastroepiploic vessels
16. Spleen is derived from-CORRECT ANSWER- Mesoderm (Not Endoderm)
17. Spleen Blood Supply-CORRECT ANSWER- Celiac Trunk -> Splenic Artery
18. Midgut-CORRECT ANSWER- Lower duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transvers
colon
19. Development of the Midgut involves what two processses-CORRECT
ANSWER- HerniationRotation
20. Midgut Herniation occurs when-CORRECT ANSWER- 6th week
21. Midgut Herniation-CORRECT ANSWER- Midgut herniates through umbilica
cord
• Due to Abdomen temporarily becomes too small
• Midgut begins rotating around SMA
, 22. When does the midgut return to the abdominal cavity-CORRECT ANSWER-
10-12th week
(100%)verified
1. Gut tube epithelium & glands derive from-CORRECT ANSWER- Endoderm
2. Liver, pancreas, trachea derive from-CORRECT ANSWER- Endoderm
3. Parietal mesoderm-CORRECT ANSWER- A subtype of the lateral mesoderm
Gives rise to serous membrane that lines abdominal, thoracic cavity (p arietal pleural,
peritoneal, pericardial membrane), soft tissues of arms, legs
4. Visceral mesoderm-CORRECT ANSWER- A subtype of the lateral mesoderm
Gives rise to serous membrane that lines various organs (visceral pl eural, peri-
toneal, pericardial membrane), the muscular wall of gut, heart, atory system
circul
5. Foregut-CORRECT ANSWER- Mouth to Ampulla of Vater (Duodenum)
6. What develops from the foregut-CORRECT
ANSWER- Trachea/LungsLiver
Pancreas
Gallbladde
r ut
7. Esophagus/Trachea Development-CORRECT ANSWER- Lung d""buds" off from
foreg
• This structure is called the "Respiratory diverticulum" or "lung bu
Tracheoesophageal septum divides lung bud from the esophagus
8. Esophageal Atresia Presentation-CORRECT ANSWER- Esophagus does not
connect to stomach
• Polyhydramnios (baby cannot swallow fluid)
• Drooling, choking, vomiting (accumulation secretions)
• Cannot pass NG tube into stomach
,If there is a Fistula connecting esophagus ’ trachea, present with-CORRECT
ANSWER-
• Gastric distension (air in stomach on CXR)
• Reflux ’ aspiration pneumonia ’ respiratory distress
9. Esophageal Atresia Pathogenesis-CORRECT ANSWER- Abnormal
tracheoesophageal septum de-velopment ’ pathology
• Esophageal atresia (closed esophagus)
• Occurs when septum deviates posteriorly
10. Esophageal atresia Treatment-CORRECT ANSWER- Surgical repair
11. Pancreas derives from-CORRECT ANSWER- Foregut
12. Pancreas Development-CORRECT ANSWER- Ventral pancreatic bud
contributes to uncinateprocess and main pancreatic duct.
,The dorsal pancreatic bud alone becomes the body, tail, isthmus, and accessory
pancreatic duct.
Both the ventral and dorsal buds contribute to pancreatic head
13. Annular Pancreas-CORRECT ANSWER- Developmental ncreas forms
malformation in which the paa ring around the duodenum->
encircles 2nd part of duodenum
• May cause duodenal narrowing/obstruction and vomiting
14. Pancreas Divisum-CORRECT ANSWER- Ventral and dorsal parts fail to fuse
8 weeks.
•Common anomaly; mostly asymptomatic, but may cause chronic minal pain
abdoand/or pancreatitis
• Pancreas then drains using two separate ducts-CORRECT ANSWER-
• Accessory (dorsal) duct drains majority of pancreas
• Second ventral duct persists
15. Spleen Development-CORRECT ANSWER- Arises from dorsal mesodermal
tissue of stomach
• Not from endoderm!
Stomach rotates during development resulting in ’ spleen on left
sideSpleen retaines connection to stomach
• Gastrosplenic (gastrolienal) ligament
• Carries short gastric arteries, left gastroepiploic vessels
16. Spleen is derived from-CORRECT ANSWER- Mesoderm (Not Endoderm)
17. Spleen Blood Supply-CORRECT ANSWER- Celiac Trunk -> Splenic Artery
18. Midgut-CORRECT ANSWER- Lower duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transvers
colon
19. Development of the Midgut involves what two processses-CORRECT
ANSWER- HerniationRotation
20. Midgut Herniation occurs when-CORRECT ANSWER- 6th week
21. Midgut Herniation-CORRECT ANSWER- Midgut herniates through umbilica
cord
• Due to Abdomen temporarily becomes too small
• Midgut begins rotating around SMA
, 22. When does the midgut return to the abdominal cavity-CORRECT ANSWER-
10-12th week
