PMHNP Comprehensive Exam Test Questions
with 100% Accurate Solutions.
Stages of Change (Transtheoretical Model) - Correct Answer-(Prochaska & DiClemente)
● Precontemplation—little to no awareness of the problem or intent to change
● Contemplation—thinking about making a change in the next 6 months, weigh pros and
cons
● Preparation—prepare to make change within the next month, start to make small
changes
● Action—enacted the change for 1 day-6 months
● Maintenance—maintained behavior/change for 6 months or longer
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Correct Answer-● Physiological (food, water, shelter,
warmth)
● Safety (security, stability, freedom from fear)
● Belonging/love (friends, family, spouse, lover)
● Self-esteem (achievement, mastery, recognition, respect)
● Self-actualization (pursue, inner talent, creativity, fulfillment)
Benner's Model - Correct Answer-● Novice—unconscious incompetence, no experience,
governed by rules and regulations
● Advanced beginner—able to analyze and deliberately act
● Competency/proficiency—2-5 yrs experience, able to synthesize info/coordinate
● Expert—flexible, intuitive, efficient
MMSE Scoring - Correct Answer-○ 23-30 normal
○ 19-23 borderline
○ <19 impaired
MMSE components - Correct Answer-● Orientation
,● Registration (repeat 3 words)
● Attention and Calculation (count backwards from 100 by 7, spell words backward)
● Recall (repeat the same 3 words from immediate recall)
● Language (name an object, repeat a phrase, read a sentence, write a sentence, copy
intersecting pentagons)
Levels of Prevention - Correct Answer-· Primary prevention—methods to avoid
occurrence of disease (most population-based health promotion efforts)
· Secondary prevention—methods to diagnose and treat existent disease in early stages
before it causes significant morbidity
· Tertiary prevention—methods to reduce negative impact of existent disease by restoring
function and reducing disease-related complications
· Quaternary prevention—methods to mitigate or avoid results of unnecessary or
excessive interventions in the health system
frontal lobe - Correct Answer-A region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for
movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement
-prefrontal, motor strip, EPS, basal ganglia
temporal lobe - Correct Answer-hearing, language (Wernicke's), memory, emotion
parietal lobe - Correct Answer-sensory processing and input
components of the limbic system - Correct Answer-interpreting significance of sensory
input; hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate gyrus, thalamus
anterior cingulate cortex - Correct Answer-integrating complex external information;
empathy, emotion processing
posterior cingulate cortex - Correct Answer-participates in memory and visual processing;
day dreaming, values, relevance to self
hypothalamus & what NTs does it balance - Correct Answer-homeostasis (food, water,
temperature), controls pituitary release, balance of DA and 5HT
,posterior pituitary - Correct Answer-ADH and oxytocin
thalamus - Correct Answer-relay station for incoming sensory information, allowing for
processing and interpretation according to other structures' input
cerebellum - Correct Answer-control center for controlling voluntary movement, fine tunes
movement
cerebellar lesion symptoms - Correct Answer-ataxia, awkward, tremor with effort, difficulty
with sequential movements, balance
brainstem - Correct Answer-responsible for automatic survival functions; midbrain, pons,
medulla
where is dopamine produced - Correct Answer-substantia nigra
where is serotonin produced - Correct Answer-raphe nuclei
where is norepinephrine produced - Correct Answer-locus coeruleus in the pons
where is acetylcholine produced - Correct Answer-Nucleus basalis of Meynert
cranial nerves - Correct Answer-Olfactory—smell
Optic—vision
Oculomotor—eye movement
Trochlear—eye movement
Trigeminal—face sensation & chewing
Abducens—eye movement
Facial—facial movements and taste
Vestibulocochlear—hearing
Glossopharyngeal—taste, swallowing
Vagus—movement, sensation, visceral organs
Accessory—spinal, neck movement
Hypoglossal—tongue movement
, preganglionic NT of SNS - Correct Answer-ACh
postganglionic NT of SNS - Correct Answer-NE
preganglionic NT of PNS - Correct Answer-ACh
postganglionic NT of PNS - Correct Answer-ACh
origin of SNS - Correct Answer-thoracolumbar
origin of PNS - Correct Answer-craniosacral
pharmacokinetics - Correct Answer-what the body does to the drug
Components of pharmacokinetics - Correct Answer-absorption, distribution, metabolism,
excretion (half-life, steady state by 4 half-lives)
pharmacodynamics - Correct Answer-what the drug does to the body
examples of pharmacodynamics - Correct Answer-upregulation, downregulation, actions
at receptors, therapeutic index/margin of safety
dopamine - Correct Answer-drive, motivation, pleasure, psychosis, attention, motor,
energy
too much dopamine - Correct Answer-schizophrenia, nausea, vomiting, addictive
behavior, over movement, sexual functioning
not enough dopamine - Correct Answer-EPS, anhedonia, negative sx, inc temp, under
movement, parkinsonism
serotonin - Correct Answer-depression, obsession, migraines, anxiety, intestines,
nausea, sexual
too much serotonin - Correct Answer-inc mood, inc temp, GI sx, sexual dysfunction
with 100% Accurate Solutions.
Stages of Change (Transtheoretical Model) - Correct Answer-(Prochaska & DiClemente)
● Precontemplation—little to no awareness of the problem or intent to change
● Contemplation—thinking about making a change in the next 6 months, weigh pros and
cons
● Preparation—prepare to make change within the next month, start to make small
changes
● Action—enacted the change for 1 day-6 months
● Maintenance—maintained behavior/change for 6 months or longer
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Correct Answer-● Physiological (food, water, shelter,
warmth)
● Safety (security, stability, freedom from fear)
● Belonging/love (friends, family, spouse, lover)
● Self-esteem (achievement, mastery, recognition, respect)
● Self-actualization (pursue, inner talent, creativity, fulfillment)
Benner's Model - Correct Answer-● Novice—unconscious incompetence, no experience,
governed by rules and regulations
● Advanced beginner—able to analyze and deliberately act
● Competency/proficiency—2-5 yrs experience, able to synthesize info/coordinate
● Expert—flexible, intuitive, efficient
MMSE Scoring - Correct Answer-○ 23-30 normal
○ 19-23 borderline
○ <19 impaired
MMSE components - Correct Answer-● Orientation
,● Registration (repeat 3 words)
● Attention and Calculation (count backwards from 100 by 7, spell words backward)
● Recall (repeat the same 3 words from immediate recall)
● Language (name an object, repeat a phrase, read a sentence, write a sentence, copy
intersecting pentagons)
Levels of Prevention - Correct Answer-· Primary prevention—methods to avoid
occurrence of disease (most population-based health promotion efforts)
· Secondary prevention—methods to diagnose and treat existent disease in early stages
before it causes significant morbidity
· Tertiary prevention—methods to reduce negative impact of existent disease by restoring
function and reducing disease-related complications
· Quaternary prevention—methods to mitigate or avoid results of unnecessary or
excessive interventions in the health system
frontal lobe - Correct Answer-A region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for
movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement
-prefrontal, motor strip, EPS, basal ganglia
temporal lobe - Correct Answer-hearing, language (Wernicke's), memory, emotion
parietal lobe - Correct Answer-sensory processing and input
components of the limbic system - Correct Answer-interpreting significance of sensory
input; hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate gyrus, thalamus
anterior cingulate cortex - Correct Answer-integrating complex external information;
empathy, emotion processing
posterior cingulate cortex - Correct Answer-participates in memory and visual processing;
day dreaming, values, relevance to self
hypothalamus & what NTs does it balance - Correct Answer-homeostasis (food, water,
temperature), controls pituitary release, balance of DA and 5HT
,posterior pituitary - Correct Answer-ADH and oxytocin
thalamus - Correct Answer-relay station for incoming sensory information, allowing for
processing and interpretation according to other structures' input
cerebellum - Correct Answer-control center for controlling voluntary movement, fine tunes
movement
cerebellar lesion symptoms - Correct Answer-ataxia, awkward, tremor with effort, difficulty
with sequential movements, balance
brainstem - Correct Answer-responsible for automatic survival functions; midbrain, pons,
medulla
where is dopamine produced - Correct Answer-substantia nigra
where is serotonin produced - Correct Answer-raphe nuclei
where is norepinephrine produced - Correct Answer-locus coeruleus in the pons
where is acetylcholine produced - Correct Answer-Nucleus basalis of Meynert
cranial nerves - Correct Answer-Olfactory—smell
Optic—vision
Oculomotor—eye movement
Trochlear—eye movement
Trigeminal—face sensation & chewing
Abducens—eye movement
Facial—facial movements and taste
Vestibulocochlear—hearing
Glossopharyngeal—taste, swallowing
Vagus—movement, sensation, visceral organs
Accessory—spinal, neck movement
Hypoglossal—tongue movement
, preganglionic NT of SNS - Correct Answer-ACh
postganglionic NT of SNS - Correct Answer-NE
preganglionic NT of PNS - Correct Answer-ACh
postganglionic NT of PNS - Correct Answer-ACh
origin of SNS - Correct Answer-thoracolumbar
origin of PNS - Correct Answer-craniosacral
pharmacokinetics - Correct Answer-what the body does to the drug
Components of pharmacokinetics - Correct Answer-absorption, distribution, metabolism,
excretion (half-life, steady state by 4 half-lives)
pharmacodynamics - Correct Answer-what the drug does to the body
examples of pharmacodynamics - Correct Answer-upregulation, downregulation, actions
at receptors, therapeutic index/margin of safety
dopamine - Correct Answer-drive, motivation, pleasure, psychosis, attention, motor,
energy
too much dopamine - Correct Answer-schizophrenia, nausea, vomiting, addictive
behavior, over movement, sexual functioning
not enough dopamine - Correct Answer-EPS, anhedonia, negative sx, inc temp, under
movement, parkinsonism
serotonin - Correct Answer-depression, obsession, migraines, anxiety, intestines,
nausea, sexual
too much serotonin - Correct Answer-inc mood, inc temp, GI sx, sexual dysfunction
